Potent anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumour activity of pegaptanib-loaded tetrahedral DNA nanostructure Seminary
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Pegaptanib is an anti-angiogenic drug used to treat age-related macular degeneration. The document measures the anti-tumor activity of pegaptanib when loaded into a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure carrier to target cancer cells. Methods include synthesizing the pegaptanib-DNA nanostructures, testing their effects on proliferation of human endothelial and tongue cancer cells with and without a growth factor, and measuring the serum stability of pegaptanib versus the nanostructure form. Results show the DNA nanostructures were successfully synthesized and reduced cell proliferation more than pegaptanib alone. The pegaptanib-nanostructure also had greater serum stability. The conclusions are that molecular biology techniques can improve medicine efficiency and extent by using targets like
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Skeletal disease is slow to respond to ERT and widely varies.
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Cell-free DNA Levels Serum Patients with Benign and Malignant Epithelial Ovar...
An elevated level of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the blood circulation has detected in cancer patients in comparison with healthy controls. CfDNA circulation in plasma and serum extensively studied and the results are highly variable due to many factors influence the test results that was preanalytic factors as well as analytic factors. Objectives: Is there any difference in the concentration of serum DNA among patients with benign epithelial ovarian tumors and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors? What is the clinicopathological variable that influences the cfDNA circulation? Method: Venous blood drawn with plain vacutainer, centrifuged at 1,000 rpm for 30 minutes, serum kept in -800 C freezer. The cfDNA extracted used NaI method.Results: Collected 30 cases of the benign ovarian tumor and 54 cases of malignant ovarian tumors. The average level serum cfDNA of benign epithelial ovarian tumors and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors were 24.6 ng/mL and 22:29 ng/mL respectively and statistically was not significantly different (p = 0.64). In multivariable analysis with linear regression, there were no clinicopathological variables that statistically significant influence the cfDNA levels in patients with epithelial ovarian tumors where p > 0.05. Conclusion: Concentration of cfDNA circulation of benign epithelial ovarian tumors a little bit higher than malignant epithelial ovarian tumors, but statistically was not significantly different. There was no clinicopathological variable influence the concentration of cfDNA circulation of ovarian tumors.
Sickle Cell-VOXELOTOR MODIFIED (2)Hamisi Mkindi.pptx
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is major health problem in
Tanzania. Every year, approximately 11000 babies are born
with SCD1, and this number is expected to double by the year
2050. Tanzania has the fourth greatest number of annual
SCD births in all of Africa, and the fifth greatest in the world.
In addition, almost 20% of the Tanzanian population carries a
copy of the sickle gene in a form of sickle cell trait (AS).
Despite these staggering statistics, Tanzania has made
progress in the fight against SCD over the past decade. In
2008, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare by then,
recognized SCD as a priority disease in the National strategy
for Non-communicable disease 2009- 2015, calling for all
sector to cooperate in combating the disease. A chapter on
SCD was also included in the national Non-communicable
Disease Treatment Manual.
Hydroxyurea is useful in the management of individuals with SCD. It reduces the complications
of SCD in infants, children and adults based on its ability to:
o Increase haemoglobin F levels
o Increase steady state hemoglobin counts
o Lower WBC and PLTs hence moderate the chronic inflammation state in SCD
Indications for starting hydroxyurea:
All children 9 months and above with proven SCD
Adolescents and adults with the following:
o Recurrent VOC ( 3 or more severe episodes requiring admission in the last 12
months)
o Severe and/or recurrent ACS (2 or more episodes in a lifetime)
o History of stroke or abnormal TCD (≥199cm/sec)
o Severe symptomatic chronic anemia that interferes with daily activities or quality of
life
o To reduce the risk of new or recurrent stroke where chronic transfusion therapy is not
feasible.
o Recurrent priapism
o Patient with chronic kidney disease on erythropoietin to improve anemia
#SickleCell disease#Indications for Hydroxyurea#Hamisi Mkindi#CKD#Investigations:
FBP - absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1,500/µl, platelet > 100,000/ul, Hb> 6g/dl.
If Hb is less than 6gm/dl do Reticulocyte Count[Do not start hydroxyurea in patients with
Hgb< 6 g/dl AND absolute reticulocyte count (ARC)<100,000/µL]
Serum Creatinine - should be within normal range,
Serum ALT – should not be greater than twice the upper limit of normal,
Bilirubin Total and direct
Urine Pregnancy Test in women
HPLC - Quantification of HbF (if this test cannot be done, Hydroxyurea should be prescribed
nevertheless and an elevated baseline HbF should not affect the decision to initiate
hydroxyurea)
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3) While BPH causes lower urinary tract symptoms, the symptoms are
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Potent anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumour activity of pegaptanib-loaded tetrahedral DNA nanostructure Seminary
- 1. By: Juan José Ospina Oviedo Medicine student, III semester UPB
- 2. Introduction § Angiogenesis § Angio- = blood vessel; -genesis = creation. § Pre-existing blood vessel cells § Anti-angiogenesis § Inability to create new blood vessels § Lack of conditions § Nutrients § Growth factors § Inhibitors § Anti-tumour § Stop or decrease growth of malign cells § Cells without function § Uncontrolled cell growth § Pegaptanib § Treatment for age-related macular degeneration § Bleeding and leakage of blood veseels § Anti-angiogenic medicine § No bloods vessels = tumour decrease https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/c ompound/Pegaptanib
- 3. General Objective § Measure the potent antio-angiogenesis and anti-tumour activity of pegaptanib-loaded tetrahedral DNA nanostructure
- 4. Methods § Nanoproduct synthesis Method Explanation Purpose § Pegaptanib transport to cells § DNA composition § 4 ssDNAs molecule § Pegaptanib carrier § Nanoscopic size
- 5. Methods Method Explanation Purpose § Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) § Separation of macromolecules § Electric field + gel (movement obstruction) § Based on macromolecule length and charge § Useful for DNA structures § Check correct synthesis of pegaptanib- TDNs § Pegaptanib vs pegaptanib-TDN sizes
- 6. Methods § Cell Culture Method Explanation Purpose § Test pegaptanib- TDNs in human- like cells § HUVECs § Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells § Blood vessel from HUVECs § Cal27 § Human epithelial tongue cells § Cancer cell line § Culture conditions: § Nutrients § Antibiotics § Temperature (37ºC) https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical- documents/protocols/biology/human-umbilical- vein-endothelial-cells.html
- 7. Methods § Pegaptanib evaluation Method Explanation Purpose § Measure pegaptanib and pegaptanib-TDNs anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumour activity + efficiency § Pegaptanib binding to cells § Flow cytometry § “Blood vessel” length of HUVECs § Cell viability § *WITH VEGF*
- 10. Results 3. Pegaptanib vs pegaptanib- TDNs serum stability
- 11. Discussion Author Passage Article Coverage Yoshida H, Yoshimura H, Matsuda S, et al. “Cal27 with VEGF high expression is a human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line”. No Liu S, Li X, Zhuang S. “Abundant blood vessels provide essential conditions for [tumour] growth and metastasis”. No Cai X, Xie J,Yao Y, et al. “Some antibod- ies and aptamers binding to VEGF might interfere with notch signal- ling pathways”. No
- 12. Conclusions § 1. Molecular biology in medicine: § Specific diagnostics § Revolutionary treatments § Revolutionary approaches to classic disorders § Clarify physiological roles of macromolecules § Better understandment of disorders § 2. Article: § Old resources + molecular biology techniques = increased medicines efficiency § Increased medicine extent
- 13. Bibliography § CAL 27 (ATCC® CRL-2095™). Retrieved from https://www.atcc.org/products/all/CRL-2095.aspx. § Xie X, ZhangY, Ma W, et al. Potent anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumour activity of pegaptanib- loaded tetrahedral DNA nanostructure. Cell Prolif. 2019;00:e12662. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.12662. § The principle and method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Retrieved from https://www.mblbio.com/bio/g/support/method/sds- page.html. § (2019, March 11). HUVECs: How they help with understanding the Vasculature. Retrieved from https://www.promocell.com/in-the-lab/understanding- vasculature-help-huvecs/.
- 14. Conceptual map