over view of education in Ghana

1. EDTE 101 Introduction to Education
Dr. Rita Yeboah and Dr. Kwaku Darko Amponsah
Department of Teacher Education

2. State of Education in Africa
2

3. 3
Learning Outcome
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
• Describe the state of education in Africa.
• Explain the quality of education in Africa.

4. Types of Education in Africa
• Early Childhood
• Primary
• Secondary Education
• Vocational and Technical Education
• Higher Education 4

5. Early Childhood
5

6. Pre-primary/Early Childhood
• Children enrolled in pre-primary education programs are more
likely to come from affluent households.
• Only 20 percent of young children in Africa were enrolled in
pre-primary programs in 2012.
• Teachers are often untrained.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 6

7. Pre-primary/Early Childhood Con’t
• Schools lack the necessary resources and infrastructure
• Lacks appropriate pre-primary curriculum for early
childhood development.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
7

8. Lack of Resources
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Figure 1 Figure 2

9. Primary Education
9

10. Primary Education
• Free primary education.
• Increase in enrolment (between 1990 and 2012, from 62
million to 149 million).
• But maintaining a high quality primary education continues to
remain a challenge for most countries.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
10

11. Primary Education Con’t
• No African country has achieved universal primary education.
• Globally, 58 million children of primary school age were out of
school in 2012. Of that number, 38 million children were in
Africa.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
11

12. Discussion
• Identify three reasons why children are still out of school in
Africa whiles basic education is free.
• What should be done to ensure that all children on the
continent attend school?
12

13. Secondary Education
13

14. Secondary Education
• Growing recognition among African governments on the
need to invest in and expand access to secondary
education.
• Worldwide, there were 552 million youth enrolled in
secondary schools in 2012.
• 49 million of these students resided in Africa.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 14

15. Secondary Education Con’t
• Young people living in rural communities are more likely to
have limited access to secondary education compared to
youth in urban areas.
• Seven out of 10 rural youth have never attended school.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 15

16. Secondary Education Con’t
• Across Africa, secondary schools can accommodate only
36 percent of qualifying secondary students.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
16

17. Vocational and Technical Education
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18. Vocational and Technical Training
• Technical and vocational education has not been a top priority
for many African countries.
• On average, only about 2 to 6 percent of educational budgets
are devoted to technical and vocational skills development.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 18

19. Vocational and Technical Training Con’t
In 2012, technical and vocational programs accounted for only 6
percent of total secondary enrolment in Africa.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
19

20. Higher Education
20

21. Tertiary Education
• Universities in many African countries are experiencing a
surge in their enrolment.
• Between 2000 and 2010, higher education enrolment
increased from 2.3 million to 5.2 million.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
21

22. Tertiary Education Con’t
• Overcrowding in lecture halls at some African universities has
become common.
• Lecturer student ratio has increased from 1999 to 2012.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
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23. Overcrowded lecture hall
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Figure 3

24. Tertiary Education Con’t
• A severe mismatch still exists between the skills of young
African graduates and the skills that employers need for
today’s global workforce.
• Is there a mismatch?
• Why is there a mismatch?
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 24

25. Tertiary Education Con’t
• Private higher education is one of the fastest growing
education sectors in Africa.
• In 2009, there were around 200 public universities and 468
private higher education institutions on the African continent.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015)
25

26. Covid-19 and the state of education in Africa
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27. Quality of Education in Africa
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28. Discussion
Per our discussion how do you perceive the quality of
education in Africa?
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29. Quality of Education in Africa
Rising enrolment rates have outpaced funding, resulting in:
• Insufficient instructional materials,
• Inadequate trained teachers,
• lack of adequate infrastructure,
• Poorly stocked libraries,
• overuse of school facilities.
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30. Quality of Education in Africa Con’t
• African students are not receiving enough quality teaching
time in the classroom.
• Private institutions are increasingly stepping in to provide
quality education to individuals who lack access to public
schools.
(State of Education in Africa Report, 2015) 30

31. Recap
• Early Childhood
• Primary
• Secondary Education
• Vocational and Technical Education
• Higher Education
31