2. Objectives
Explain
the different parts of rthe
disease process.
Recognize
the different stages of
acceptance.
Develop
empathy with low vision
patients aand provide
realistic expectations
and re-assurance.
3. Let's have a quick recap:
Differentiate Low Vision, Legal Blindness, and
total blindness
How can we tell if a person is eligible for PWD
Benefits?
5. Vision loss
Imagine a person with normal vision all
her life then suddenly will experience
vision loss.
Or someone who experiences gradual
vision loss as years go by.
Who do you think would be more
devastated if one day his or her vision will
be completely gone?
6. Vision loss
Vision loss affects a person more than
most people think. It takes away most
of the person's independence,
productivity, learning, and
motivation.
Vision loss affects the overall well-being
of a person so much that it requires
intensive support from friends, family,
professionals, and support groups.
7. Every person with visual impairment
has a unique set of needs, difficulties,
abilities, and potential. Never assume
they're the same all because they have
the same condition or disease.
8. The two brothers
George and Greg both has severe vision loss and
with identical clinical findings - Best corrected visual
acuity of 20/400 in the better eye, with photophobia
during daytime.
George loves listening to music with his friends,
while Greg likes to stay alone and write stories.
They both have to go to college, George who is
open to new ideas tried the assistive devices while
Greg, who is timid and shy decided to stixck with
whatever he can do with his remaining vision.
9. Consequences of Vision loss
According to AOA (Known as the Disease Process):
Visual Disease
Visual Impairment
Visual Disability
Visual Handicap
Affects the ocular structure or anatomy.
Visual disease affects the visual function.
Visual impairment affects certain activities.
Visual disability affects the socioeconomic
aspect of living.
10. Consequences of Vision loss
According to WHO:
Visual Disorder
Visual Impairment
Activity Limitation
Participation Restriction
11. Activity Limitation
A dimension of heath, capturing long-standing limitations
in performing usual activities due to health problems.
Whenever you check activity limitation, always check the ADLs of your patient.
12. Participation Restriction
Refers to health problems that can hinder a person's involvement in
different life events.
Participation restriction is linked to the overall quality of life of a person.
13. Let's talk about
Dave.
Dave was diagnosed with Open Angle
Glaucoma three years ago and now he's
starting to notice some changes in his
vision. He is a retired teacher and he loves
to travel and camp a lot with his trusted
mini van.
14. Dave's
Visual Disorder
Remember, visual disorder affects the
ocular structure or anatomy.
Identify the anatomical changes
happening in an Open Glaucoma case.
15. Dave's
Visual Impairment
Remember, visual impairment is all about
the decreased visual functions.
Identify the visuam impariment from the
visual disorder we have established.
16. Dave's
Activity Limitation
Remember, whenever you check activity
limitation, always check the ADLs of your
patient.
With a progressing and symptomatic open
angle glaucoma, identify the possible
activity limation of a person.
18. Example to follow
This is how we usually plot the consequences of vision loss
Visual Disorder
Visual Impairment
Activity Limitation
Participation Restriction
20. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Shock
Shock involves a state of both
emotional and physical numbness
that can last from a few hours to
several days.
21. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Anxiety
It is typically characterized by an intense fear
of what others are thinking about them,
insecurities and fear of rejection is felt at this
stage.
22. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Bargaining
An individual starts to look for second options,
alternatives, or other remedies.
23. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Denial
Denial may last anywhere from three weeks to
two months and is a defense mechanism that
allows the implications of the disability the
person has experienced be gradually
introduced.
24. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Mourning
A perceived loss of adequacy, self-esteem,
equality, belongingness, or control.
Expressions of hostility and anger are common
during the mourning phase.
25. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Withdrawal
Or pulling back from contact with the physical
or social world.
26. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Externalized Anger
Anger directed to other people or objects in
the environment. Signs include passive-
aggressive behaviors that obstruct
rehabilitation, aggressive acts, hypercriticism,
demanding or antagonistic behaviors, falsely
blaming others and abusive accusations.
27. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Acknowledgement
The first sign that the patient has accepted or
recognized permanency of the condition and
its future implications. During this stage, the
patient accepts that he is a person with
disability, develops new self-concept,
reassesses values, and searches for new goals
and meaning
28. Stages of acceptance
(Also called Stages of adjusting to disability)
Acceptance
Allows relinquishment of any false hopes, as
well as the successful adaptation of new roles
based upon realistic potentials and limitations.
