Routing Prefixes - 512k IPv4 Routes
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Jim Cowie, chief scientist at Dyn, talks about the Internet's routing tables going beyond 512k entries, placing a new strain on the Internet. Originally presented at NANOG 62 in October 2014.
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Routing Prefixes - 512k IPv4 Routes
- 1. 512K IPv4 Routes: The New Normal Jim Cowie Chief Scientist, Dyn Research NANOG 62, Baltimore 7 October 2014
- 2. Pg. 2 Up And To The Right: IPv4 Routing Table Sizes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014… 512K
- 3. Pg. 3 Up And To The Right: IPv4 Routing Table Sizes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014… 512K 269K +30K 302K +33K 334K +32K 382K +48K 431K +48K 471K +40K
- 4. Pg. 4 Up And To The Right: IPv4 Routing Table Sizes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014… 512K 269K +30K 302K +33K 334K +32K 382K +48K 431K +48K 471K +40K 519K? +48K? 2015?
- 5. Pg. 5 “512K day” …. November 2014 (predicted) Let’s Take a Closer Look Up And To The Right: IPv4 Routing Table Sizes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014…
- 6. Pg. 6 “Consensus” is Broadening 2013 2014 Today’s consensus estimate: 507K (October 6th 2014) 61% of our peers believe it’s higher than consensus 23% believe it’s higher than 512K already 512K Today: 507K
- 7. Pg. 7 2013 2014 512K Today: 507K Invisible at 1hr resolution. This was a “normal intraday fluctuation” …Except that we’re so close to 512K. Global table pushed across the line…. “512K Day” Panic: 12 August 2014 (7:49:30 UTC)
- 8. Pg. 8 One-second BGP announce/withdraw rates (logscale) 06h00-09h00 UTC 12 August 2014 • Advertisement rate peaks first • Withdrawal rate briefly rivals advertisement rate
- 9. Pg. 9 Affected prefixes may represent equipment suffering from TCAM exhaustion • Consensus routing table size was roughly 500,000 that morning • VZ (AS701) deaggregated almost 30,000 /24s at 7:48:38 UTC • Consensus routing table size hits 528,000 for 10 minutes • 528K > 512K; All hell breaks loose • Aggregates withdrawn, table reverts to safely less than 512K
- 10. Pg. 10 One-second BGP withdrawal rates, logscale Most of the withdrawals in the hour are AS701 deaggregates… But 24,280 other prefixes are affected as well. Rate climbs 60x in 10m
- 11. Pg. 11 Affected Prefixes, By Country It’s not your circulatory system 2479 4494 1014 571 492 389 1084 860 727 398 595 Relatively significant impacts in Iran, Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina, Russia
- 12. Pg. 12 Affected routers in critical places Russian provider Vimpelcom’s AS21332 suffers some significant impairment during the event, as seen through the lens of traceroute completion failure.
- 13. Pg. 13 Affected routers in critical places Bayan (PH) loses its Pacnet transit.. twice
- 14. Pg. 14 Conclusions • Affected countries/networks are likely to suffer again as consensus table reaches 512K organically, “for real” • We project that this will begin occuring broadly later this month, with consensus 512K emerging by mid-November • Hopefully this brief event in August was enough to encourage people to upgrade and/or reallocate TCAM appropriately…..
- 15. Pg. 15 Thank you! Jim Cowie @jimcowie Dyn Research http://research.dyn.com