The Use of Activated Carbon as a Food Supplement and its Benefits to the Human Body

1. THE USE OF ACTIVATED CARBON AS A FOOD SUPPLEMENT AND ITS
BENEFITS TO THE HUMAN BODY
A Research Paper
Presented to the
Faculty of Biblica La Delle Academy
In Marahan II, Alfonso, Cavite
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements in
English Subject IV
In Secondary Education
MICHAEL FENOL
October 2015

2. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to my teacher Mr.
____________________ for giving me the opportunity to conduct a very informative
and very beneficial study in my secondary education and for patiently and
enthusiastically providing us with an excellent classroom discussion for the said matter.
To my classmates, who have been consistently helping me during the drafting
period of my thesis. Likewise, I would like to express my appreciation to my out of
school friends, for providing me with reliable research materials and other data
resources.
I would also like to thank my parents for their endless support, assistance and
suggestions throughout my project study, for helping me accomplish this and never
letting me give up.

3. CHAPTER I
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
The use of carbon as a simple remedy for different health problems was an
ancient way at treating many common diseases that afflict humankind dates back in the
time of Hippocrates who lived from 460 – 370 B.C. The use of charcoal in treating
diseases is a product of long years of scientific studies. Raymund Hall said that
knowledge of charcoals phenomena capacity for adsorption has been around for
millennia. These activated charcoals have been widely used in preventing and curing
serious illnesses. It also serves as detoxifying agent of different organs such as liver,
kidney and colon. Common charcoal is made from peat, coal, wood, coconut shell, or
petroleum. “Activated charcoal” is similar to common charcoal, but is made especially
for use as a medicine. To make activated charcoal, manufacturers heat common
charcoal in the presence of a gas that causes the charcoal to develop lots of internal
spaces or “pores.” These pores help activated charcoal “trap” chemicals.
Activated charcoal adsorbs a wide variety of drugs and chemicals. Adsorption is a
process in which atoms and molecules move from a bulk phase (such as a solid, liquid,
or gas) onto a solid or liquid surface. In other words, the toxic substance attaches to
the surface of the charcoal. Because charcoal is not "digested," it stays inside the GI
tract and eliminates the toxin when the person has a bowel movement. Activated
charcoal derived its name from the process of taking the charcoal which results from
the activity of controlled charring of the starting materials and subjecting it to an
oxidizing gas at an elevated temperature which enhances the adsorptive power of the
charcoal by developing an extensive internal network of fine pores in the material.
Activated charcoal is a potent natural treatment used to trap toxins and
chemicals in the body, allowing them to be flushed out so the body doesn’t reabsorb

4. them. It’s made from a variety of sources, but when used for natural healing, it is
important to select activated charcoal made from coconut shells or other natural
sources. One of the most popular activated charcoal uses is for the safe and effective
treatment of poisoning and drug overdoses. It’s used in emergency trauma centers
across the world. In addition, it’s used to reduce bloating and gas, lower cholesterol
and treat bile flow problems safely during pregnancy as well.
A. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The main problem of the study deals with “determining of the use of Activated
Carbon as a food supplement and its impact benefits for the human body.” Likewise the
proponent will also attempt to uncover and focus on its medical and therapeutic claims
on how it helps our entire body.
B. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The proponent of the study aims to uncover concrete proofs of the health
benefits of its consumption to better understand its actual use. Specifically, the
proponent aims to deliver a comprehensive and data-based discussion on how its
adsorption process removes toxins from the human body.
C. HYPOTHESIS
Ha = The use of Activated Carbon has beneficial effect for the Human Body.
H0 = The use of Activated Carbon has no effect for the Human Body and does not
claim any beneficial effect at all.
D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be beneficial to all possible stakeholders particularly for the
students and faculty staff who might use this study as reference for their future study.

5. Likewise, it will serve as future reference for the researchers on the said subject as
secondary data by providing them with comprehensive information.
E. SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The main scope of the study will focus on determining the use of Activated
Carbon as food supplement and its benefits to the human body. Secondarily, it will
cover some of the factors how it helps and the effect of consumption. However, the
study will not cover more detailed information on its manufacturing, but on its scientific
claims. Neither the study will encompass a further study on its marketability and on its
availability on the marketplace.
F. Definition of Terms
Activated Carbon – it refers to the processed pieces of carbons/charcoals for
consumption purposes.
Adsorption – the ability of a matter to hold or to grab some particles.
Control Group – the group of respondents who did take/try/use the subject or the
product.
Detoxification – physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substance from a living
organism, including, but not limited to, the human body, which is mainly carried out by
the liver.
Exploratory Research Design – conducted about a research problem when there are
few no earlier studies to refer to. The focus is on gaining insights and familiarity for
later investigation or undertaken when problems are in preliminary stage of
investigation.
Metabolism – the process of converting food into nutrients.
Poultice – a soft, moist mass of charcoal which are applied to the body parts to
relieve soreness and inflammation and kept in place with a cloth.

6. Respondents – group of people who are invited or assigned as aid for testing a
product.
Segmentation – the process of separation and classification to determine the nature
or identity according to specific variables.
Test Group – the group of respondents, who actually used, took and tried the
subject or the product.

7. CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
The existence of Charcoal as medicine had started in 400 B.C. as Hippocrates
and other Egyptians used Charcoals in curing Anthrax, Epilepsy and other serious
illnesses. These charcoals were also used as healing agents in curing wounds, cleansing
agents of different internal organs such as liver, kidney and the colons as well. After the
development of the charcoal activation process, it was also used and proven as antidote
for poisons and cure for intestinal disorders.
Dr. Frolkis pointed out that;
Activated Charcoal decreases the age related increase in the brain sensitivity to
drugs and toxins;
Activated Charcoal normalizes and regulates cholesterol and lipid metabolism;
Activated Charcoal alleviates allergy, headaches, menstrual pain, diarrhea, sore
throat irritation, cold sores, flu-like symptoms and drug overdose; and
The regular use of Activated Charcoal improves the adaptive functioning of
essential organs (liver, kidney and adrenals) that translate into better defense
mechanism.
The most important work of Activated Charcoal in the treatment of diseases is to
adsorb chemical substances that are harmful to the body like germs, viruses, toxins,
wound secretion and other products of infection.
It was 1831, in front of his distinguished colleagues at the French Academy of
Medicine, Professor Touery drank a lethal dose of strychnine and lived to tell the tale.
He had combined the deadly poison with activated charcoal. This is how
powerful activated charcoal is as an emergency decontaminant in
the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes the stomach and intestines.

8. Activated charcoal is considered to be the most effective single agent available. It is
used after a person swallows or absorbs almost any toxic drug or chemical.
 Activated charcoal is estimated to reduce absorption of poisonous substances nearly
to 60%.
 It works by binding (adsorbing) chemicals, thus reducing their toxicity (poisonous
nature), through the entire length of the stomach and small and large intestines (GI
tract).
 Activated charcoal itself is a fine, black powder that is odorless, tasteless, and
nontoxic.
 Activated charcoal is often given after the stomach is pumped (gastric lavage).
Gastric lavage is only effective immediately after swallowing a toxic substance (within
about one-half hour) and does not have effects that reach beyond the stomach as
activated charcoal does.
Activated charcoal absorbs a wide variety of drugs and chemicals. Adsorption is a
process in which atoms and molecules move from a bulk phase (such as a solid, liquid,
or gas) onto a solid or liquid surface. In other words, the toxic substance attaches to
the surface of the charcoal. Because charcoal is not "digested," it stays inside the GI
tract and eliminates the toxin when the person has a bowel movement. This mechanism
of action should not be confused with absorption. Absorption occurs when a substance
passes into or through a tissue, like water passing into a sponge. Once the chemical or
drug has been absorbed by the GI tract, activated charcoal can no longer retrieve the
toxic ingestion. It will only attach to substances that are still inside the stomach or
intestines.
The charcoal is "activated" because it is produced to have a very fine particle
size. This increases the overall surface area and adsorptive capacity of the charcoal. It
is produced by adding acid and steam to carbonaceous materials such as wood, coal,
rye starch, or coconut shells. To put this in perspective, one standard 50-gram dose of

9. activated charcoal has the surface area of 10 football fields. Activated charcoal is often
combined with sorbitol (a substance that stimulates the bowels to move, like a
laxative) to shorten the amount of time to move through the system and reduce the
possibility of constipation. However, to avoid adverse effects, sorbitol is not given with
every dose of activated charcoal. All efforts should be made to reduce adsorption of
severely toxic substances, as activated charcoal does not bind as well with these
substances:
o Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid), strong acids and bases, metals and inorganic minerals
such as sodium, iron, lead, arsenic, iodine, fluorine, and boric acid.
o Alcohol (such as ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycols, and acetone)
o Hydrocarbons (such as petroleum distillates and plant hydrocarbons such as pine
oil)
 Activated charcoal does not irritate the mucous membranes of the GI system. In
addition to adsorption of toxins, activated charcoal also adsorbs food
nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. However, this short-term effect is not a concern
when activated charcoal is used to treat poisoning.
 If the person vomits the drink, another dose will be given through a nasogastric or
orogastric tube (a tube inserted through the nose or mouth, down
the esophagus and into the stomach).
 If the person is unconscious (or nearly so), an endotracheal intubation (a procedure
in which a tube is inserted through the mouth down into the trachea) may be
necessary. This allows oxygen to be delivered and helps protect the airway and lungs
from gastric content, which minimizes the risk of the person vomiting and choking.
 Activated charcoal is usually given by a doctor. It is not a substance to be used at
home. Doctors determine the dose or amount of charcoal to give based on the
patient's weight (with special doses for children) and on how much poison was
swallowed. There are some doctors who will prescribe charcoal for emergency use in

10. the home. This should only be done under the direct guidance of the doctor
or poison control center.
 The doctor also determines when and if additional doses are given by
monitoring blood levels of the poison. Other symptoms the doctor monitors
are nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and severe heart problems.
Multiple doses of activated charcoal can be given if someone swallowed large
doses of long-acting, sustained release medications.
When Not to Use Activated Charcoal
 Activated charcoal will not be given to people with an obstruction of the intestines or
if the person swallowed a corrosive agent, such as a strong acid or alkali.
 Strong acids may "burn" through the lining of the GI tract. Doctors will need to look
at the lining with an endoscope - a special instrument designed to look inside the
stomach. Activated charcoal is not to be used with this type of poison because it is
difficult to see the lining of the GI tract with the scope after charcoal is given.
 Activated charcoal can cause intestinal problems such as constipation, or it can
create clumps of foreign material. This situation can be prevented by giving a
laxative such as sorbitol to the patient, however, repeated doses with sorbitol may
cause excessive diarrhea, dehydration, and chemical imbalance.
 If the patient is fructose intolerant, family members should notify the treating doctor,
and sorbitol will not be given with the activated charcoal. Sorbitol is a sugar
substitute that acts as a laxative to move the charcoal through the system. Infants
younger than one year of age year should not be given sorbitol because it may cause
excessive fluid losses.
Reference: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/activated_charcoal/page2_em.htm
Medical Author: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP
Medical Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

11. For over 10,000 years, healers from Chinese Medicine, Ayuredic Medicine, and
Western Medicine have used activated charcoal to soak up poisons and improve
intestinal health through a process called “adsorption” which means “to bind to” rather
than “to absorb.”
Today, beyond use in hospitals as an antidote for drugs and poisons, activated
charcoal is a global remedy for general detoxification, digestion issues, gas, bloating,
heart health, and anti-aging. It is a part of my mold toxin detox protocols. In fact,
unscrupulous industrial cattle mills intentionally alter spoiled feed with activated
charcoal, knowing it will allow them to increase profits without killing the animals.
Biohackers know the world we live in has more man-made toxins than it used to,
and food from industrial restaurants is of questionable quality. Both of these factors can
trigger food cravings and lower performance. The difference is dramatic. It often
prevents from feeling bloated and tired after eating a big restaurant meal. When I feel
unusually moody or suddenly tired, activated charcoal helps get back in the game
within minutes.
When young kids suddenly drop into uncharacteristic fits of whining or tantrums,
especially after snacks activated charcoal brings them back to normal within about 10
minutes. It is amazing to watch.
Activated charcoal burns a source of carbon such as wood, debris, or better yet,
coconut shells. The high temperature removes all the oxygen and activates it with
gases like steam. What is produced is a highly adsorbent material with millions of tiny
pores that capture, bind, and remove poisons, heavy metals, chemicals, and intestinal
gases which have thousands of times more weight than the charcoal itself. Just two
grams of activated charcoal powder has about the same surface area as a football field.
The porous surface has a negative electric charge that attracts positively charged
unwanted toxins and gas.
Low grade charcoal is commonly used in air and water filters to capture
unwanted materials; it’s that dust you see in some filter water pitchers. Toxicology
studies show activated charcoal to be harmless to human health.

12. Ancient physicians used inactivated charcoal for a variety of medical purposes,
including treating epilepsy and anthrax. In the early 20th century, the charcoal
activation process development sparked many medical journals to publish research
revealing activated charcoal as an antidote for poisons and a way to improve intestinal
disorders. Current research not only legitimizes these earlier practices of activated
charcoal, but also adds to beneficial new ways of using it.
 General detoxification – Toxins from low quality, processed food, and environmental
pollution are real problems. It is important to help your body eliminate them to promote
a healthy digestive system and brain. Chronic exposure to toxins produces cellular
damage, allergic reactions, compromised immunity, and more rapid aging. Regular use
of activated charcoal can remove unwanted toxins from your body, leaving you feeling
renewed and more vibrant, often in minutes! Gut toxins quickly become brain toxins if
you don’t eliminate them. Whether or not you are feeling under the weather, activated
charcoal helps unwanted bacteria move through your system faster before they spread
and multiply, helping you feel better faster.
 Relieve digestive issues, gas, and bloating – After digesting foods like beans, the
decomposition process from bacteria in your body creates byproducts like gas or
diarrhea. Activated charcoal enters the digestive tract and counteracts this process by
binding to byproducts and alleviating these digestive issues.
 Antidote for drugs, chemicals, and poisons – Charcoal is an age-old remedy for
counteracting poison in the body. If you ingest poisons such as bleach, fertilizer, or
even alcohol, taking a single large dose of activated charcoal helps your body flush out
the poison faster. Activated charcoals adsorb most organic chemicals, many inorganic
chemicals, drugs, pesticides, mercury, and even lead, before they harm your body. If
you’re poisoned, go to the emergency room! But, there’s no reason you shouldn’t start
binding a poison right away. A Bulletproof reader recently inadvertently took a huge
dose of Tylenol (the capsules were in the wrong bottle), which is highly toxic to the

13. liver. He realized his mistake, took a handful of activated charcoal capsules, and went
to the emergency room. His liver was undamaged, and he credits biohacking.
 Rid bad breath, body odor, and skin ailments – Activated charcoal is often used in
body detox products and skin products that help relieve insect stings, mushroom
poisoning, poison ivy, cholera, bites, and inflammation. Body odor and bad breath is
usually a result of toxins leaving the body, which is why taking activated charcoal
greatly helps rid bad breath and body odor.
 Anti-Aging properties – Studies show activated charcoal prevents many cellular
changes associated with aging, adrenal gland, and kidney function. Famous
Gerontologists discovered its powerful anti-aging properties in a study
showing activated charcoal to increase the average lifespan of older test animals by
approximately 34 percent. Activated charcoal slows the rate at which the brain
becomes increasingly sensitive to toxins as you age, which makes for better cognitive
functioning. It also builds a better defense mechanism by improving the adaptive
functioning of essential organs like the liver, kidneys, and adrenals.
 Better heart health – In a recent study, patients with high cholesterol who took
activated charcoal three times a day showed a 25% reduction in total cholesterol. They
also doubled their HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio. Studies examining microscopic tissues
show a daily dose of activated charcoal may prevent abnormal hardening (sclerosis) in
heart and coronary blood vessels.
Because activated coconut charcoal is mainly used to remove toxins from the body, it is
great to use for the following purposes:
 Take it when you eat out at restaurants or eat low quality foods like processed junk
food
 Take it with bad coffee – it won’t fix the problem, but it helps
 It is particularly helpful to take when drinking alcohol
 Take it if you suddenly feel moody or tired

14.  Opening a capsule on your toothbrush does amazing things for stained teeth
 Use during pregnancy to bind toxins
 Helpful for jet lag
Taking activated coconut charcoal on a daily basis is a great way to help you thrive in
an overly toxin-filled environment. It is best to take it between meals and a few hours
after using any vitamin or mineral supplements, as it may interfere with the absorption
of these into your body. Be sure to take it away from prescription, which won’t enter
your body when they bind to charcoal.
Reference: https://www.bulletproofexec.com/the-strangest-way-to-detox/
Benefits of Activated Charcoal
Activated charcoal and regular charcoal are almost identical – the only difference
is that activated charcoal has been created solely for medicinal use. To create activated
charcoal, regular charcoal is heated with a gas that causes the charcoal to expand,
creating a porous surface that traps toxins.
Activated charcoal works because it chemically binds other substances to its
surface and can absorb thousands of times its own weight. It also has an incredibly
large surface area due to all of its pores – one cubic inch of charcoal has the surface
area equivalent to a 150,000 square-foot field. This is why just a bit of charcoal can
absorb so many toxins, atoms, and ions.
Benefits of Activated Charcoal
1. Rid Your Body of Toxins in Emergency Situations
According to a study published in the journal Medical Toxicology and Adverse
Drug Experience, activated charcoal prevents the gastrointestinal absorption of a wide
variety of drugs and toxins in emergency situations, and also increases their elimination
even after they’ve been absorbed by the body. This includes an overdose of:
 Pharmaceutical drugs such as acetaminophen or aspirin, opium, cocaine, and
morphine

15.  Toxins from pesticides (including DDT)
 Mercury, lead, and other chemicals
Activated charcoal is most effective if it’s administered within the first hour of
ingestion of the toxin. However, there are some substances that activated charcoal
does not work on:
 Alcohol
 Cyanide
 Metals such as iron and lithium
 Certain acids that quickly damage internal tissues
Simply put, if you or someone you know has ingested a toxic substance,
administering activated charcoal may inactivate the toxicity of the substance and help
them pass it far more quickly than their body could on its own. If they’ve ingested a
highly toxic substance, a quick administration of activated charcoal could save their life.
It’s important to realize that in the event of an emergency, a qualified health
professional should administer activated charcoal, as the needed dosage depends
largely on the person being treated, the drug or poison ingested, and how much was
ingested. How much toxin is already in the stomach is a huge consideration, because
activated charcoal is like a sponge – once its cavities are full, it stops working.
A person should not take activated charcoal if currently taking prescription
medication, as it could render your medication useless. It also should not be taken
regularly, like a supplement, because it will reduce your body’s absorption of important
nutrients from food.
Furthermore, never use charcoal briquettes in place of activated charcoal in the
event of a poisoning. Dangerous petrochemicals have been added to commercial
briquettes, and it is not the same as activated charcoal. This is why a person should
purchase medical-grade activated charcoal to use in the event of an emergency.
2. Relieve Bites and Bee Stings
Mixing a poultice of activated charcoal with a bit of water and cornstarch or
flaxseed powder can help cure bee stings, poison ivy rashes, snake bites, spider bites

16. (including highly poisoning bites from the Brown Recluse or Black Widow), and other
poisoning bites.
A paper published by I. Makalinao and A.D. Woolf of Harvard Medical
School mentions the effectiveness of a charcoal poultice for drawing out poisons from
insect and spider bites. Additionally, there are many stories online from people who
claim that their lives were saved by applying an activated charcoal poultice to bee
stings or spider bites – especially those who are highly allergic to bee stings and didn’t
have epinephrine on hand.
3. Reduce Acne and Improve Skin Health
Because activated charcoal removes toxins, it can help reduce the instances of
acne and other skin impurities you might suffer from. It also works wonders for
completely removing makeup.
To use activated charcoal on skin, mix one (or one-half) capsule of the powder
into a teaspoon of aloe vera gel, one teaspoon of water or rosewater, five drops of tea
tree oil, and a pinch of sea salt. Mix these ingredients together until you have an even
consistency. But be aware that this face mask is going to be black, and while it can
stain your clothing and counter tops, it won’t stain your skin. Apply to your skin, let it
dry, and then rinse off. Your skin will feel amazing.
4. Whiten Teeth
The mouth may look really bizarre when brushing with charcoal, but if it is done
this daily, changes will be noticed within a couple of weeks. Activated charcoal is
odorless and tasteless, so aside from having temporarily black teeth.
It is also important to consider teeth’s sensitivity. Any whitening agent can weaken
tooth enamel over time – this is true with commercial products, such as Crest
Whitening Strips, and it is true for activated charcoal. If you notice your teeth becoming
more sensitive after using activated charcoal, cut down on brushing with it to just once
or twice per week, or stop using it altogether.

17. 5. Reduce or Eliminate Gas
Activated charcoal can be effective for reducing gas, especially after eating foods, such
as beans, that commonly create excess gas. It can also relieve an upset stomach or
nausea. However, it is worth repeating that activated charcoal should only be taken
occasionally to relieve these symptoms, and should not be used every day.
6. Body Detox
Since charcoal does such an amazing job ridding your body of toxins, some people also
use it to rid their body of built-up toxins. The length of these cleanses can vary, but
they often last a week or two.
Reference: http://www.moneycrashers.com/activated-charcoal-uses-health-benefits/
Activated charcoal is a potent natural treatment used to trap toxins and
chemicals in the body, allowing them to be flushed out so the body doesn’t reabsorb
them. It’s made from a variety of sources, but when used for natural healing, it’s
important to select activated charcoal made from coconut shells or other natural
sources.
One of the most popular activated charcoal uses is for the safe and effective
treatment of poisoning and drug overdoses. It’s used in emergency trauma centers
across the world. In addition, it’s used to reduce bloating and gas, lower cholesterol,
treat bile flow problems safely during pregnancy, and even prevent hangovers.
Research shows that activated charcoal works better than stomach pumping (gastric
lavage) in some situations.

18. Active refers to adsorption activity: a carbon that is activated has a high capacity
for adsorption. The carbon may be produced from practically any source, including
vegetable, animal, petroleum, coal, and peat.
Activated carbon (AC) is manufactured in different ways. The physical and
chemical properties of AC depend on the source material and the manufacturing
process. Much of the variability in activated carbons is due to the variety of source
materials, which differ profoundly in their structure and chemical composition. Coconut
shell, a popular source for the production of AC for gas phase applications, produces a
uniformly porous material with a high percentage of micropores. Carbons produced
from hardwood are noted for their greater variability in pore size with a larger
percentage of mesopores (Mattson, Mark, 1971). Bone char is another popular source
of AC. The presence of calcium and phosphate and a relatively low percentage of
carbon (10%) give this material unique sorptive properties, due in part to its coarse
pore structure and low percentage of carbon (Bonga, 1982). Peat, petroleum and coal
have become important sources for AC production, and they too produce AC of unique
character.
Each of these source materials is highly variable. Therefore, given the same
manufacturing technique and the same type of source material there still may be
variable performance in the resulting AC (Soffel,1978). Various methods have been
used to produce activated carbon. These may be classified into two categories: thermal
activation which relies on high temperatures (700+ oC) and employs steam or CO2;
and, chemical systems which dehydrate the feed stock. Chemical activation with
phosphoric acid is used to digest sawdust, wood shavings, or peat (Mattson, Mark,
1971; Houghton, Wildman, 1971). Each method has advantages and disadvantages.
The chemical techniques give very high yield of an extremely adsorptive material, but
the resultant AC requires further treatment to develop sufficient mechanical strength for
certain applications (Baker, 1992). The process variables that impact the physical and
chemical properties of the product are the composition of the activation atmosphere,

19. the residence time and temperature of the activation process, and the chemical
composition of the atmosphere during cooling
(Mattson, Mark, 1971; Houghton, Wildman, 1971). In the case of “soft” coals
and certain other feed materials, a pulverizing stage is necessary to obtain desired
material properties. With increased burn-off, porosity increases, particularly in the
microporous region. A two-stage process may be employed. Typically these procedures
are performed in a controlled-atmosphere furnace with a fixed bed. The activation
stage may also be performed using a fluidized bed: the result is a more uniform
activation. The initial stage is a carbonization step which takes place in an oxygen-
starved atmosphere (pyrolysis). This stage is followed by selective oxidation with steam,
air, or flue gas. Depending on the raw material and the desired product, the initial stage
may be completed at temperatures in the range of 230-700oC. The initial stage
removes volatiles and inorganics. The subsequent stage may take place with
temperatures ranging from 700-1000o C in the presence of steam, or occasionally, air.
The second stage may also beperformed at temperatures that exceed 1000oC
under a CO2 atmosphere, resulting in a minimum of surface oxidation and a maximum
surface area (Mattson, Mark, 1971; Houghton, Wildman, 1971). The atmosphere during
cooling plays a key role in determining surface properties.
Evolution of pore volume with carbon burn-off for a carbon series (adapted from
RodriguezReinoso, Linares-Solano, 1989). As the percentage of burn-off increases, the
micropore percentage of the total pore volume increases.
The principal properties for comparison of various activated carbons are the
pore-size distribution, surface area, chemical reactivity (surface chemistry), density, and
ash content (Soffel, 1978).
Reference: THE EFFECT OF ACTIVATED CARBON ON THE ORGANIC AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
MEDIUM by: Stephen C. Van Winkle

20. Gerber and Lechavalier (1965) first identified geosmin as a metabolite from
actinomycetes. They isolated six strains of Streptomyces sp. and grew them in a culture
of soybean. Geosmin, produced in µg/L quantities in laboratory cultures, was identified
using gas chromotrography. Field identification was still not possible at this time
because of the extremely low concentrations present in nature (ng/L). Medsker et al.
(1968) a few years later discovered geosmin and an unnamed compound (later MIB)
were also produced by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Medsker et al. used laboratory
produced strains of Strepnuscorum sp. and Oscillatoria sp. Following Medsker and
colleague’s work, Tabachek and Yurkowski (1976) identified MIB as a metabolite of
both cyanobacteria and actinomycetes.
Researchers continued to investigate the cyanobacteria and actinomycetes
responsible for taste and odor episodes throughout the world in the early 1980s.
Izaguirre et al. (1982, 1983) found four species responsible for MIB and geosmin in
three southern California reservoirs. They used Grob closed-loop stripping followed by
gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Izaguirre et al. (1983) went further to
state that one species (O. curviceps), was the principal cause of the 2 previous years’
MIB problems. The O. curviceps was cultivated in the laboratory both with and without
actinomycetes that coexist with the cyanobacteria in the environment, to ensure that
the cyanobacterium was the MIB producer. During the same period, Yagi et al. (1983)
9 10 isolated two cyanobacteria from Lake Biwa in Japan. Lake Biwa, a large reservoir
used for drinking water supply, commonly experienced severe taste and odor episodes.
Improvements in analytical equipment allowed Yagi et al. to measure MIB and geosmin
at concentrations below the odor threshold. They used purge and trap methods to
concentrate the samples before using gas chromatography to identify the pollutants.
Similar research continued around the world. In Saskatchewan, Canada, Slater and Blok
(1983) found three species of geosmin producing microorganisms in Buffalo Pound
Lake. Liquid-liquid extractions isolated the geosmin for analysis. Slater and Blok used
the findings from the two previous decades and the improved analytical capabilities to
further science by identifying specific cyanobacteria and actinomycetes responsible for

21. the taste and odor episodes. Research after Slater and Blok focused on identifying
additional tasteand odor-compound producing organisms, and the factors that influence
their proliferation in water supplies.
Activated carbon is a powerful adsorbent utilized by many industries and has
been for many years. Water and wastewater treatment, industry effluents, brewery
wastes, and textile discharges are some of the applications for activated carbon today.
Early examples of rudimentary activated carbon use was found as early as the
Egyptians and the Phoenicians (Dabrowski 2001), but the activated carbon industry
began when the Russian Ostrejko patented techniques for producing activated carbon
using elevated temperatures and oxidant flows (Ostrejko 1901).
Activated Carbon Production
Carbonaceous precursor
Activated carbons can be produced from many different carbonaceous
precursors. Ideal precursors have a high percentage of carbon content, are abundant
and easy to recover. A high percentage of carbon content (i.e. low ash content)
translates to more surface area available for adsorption. Common carbonaceous
precursors utilized in the modern activated carbon industry include: peat, bituminous
and lignite coal, wood, and coconut shell (Wigmans 1989).
One area of activated carbon research involves the discovery of new, more
efficient precursors for use in full-scale production. Precursors such as bituminous and
lignite coal are non-renewable, and therefore should not be relied on for long-term
usage. In addition, many parts of the world do not have these materials readily
available. Alternative sources of carbonaceous precursors allow these regions to
produce activated carbon in an economic fashion, without the high cost of long distance
shipping. Warhurst et al. (1997) studied the potential for activating seed husks from the
Moringa oleifera tree. Moringa oleifera is common in developing parts of the world and
has many uses, therefore finding a use for the seed husks (a waste product) could
further aid these communities. Numerous other researchers have studied potential

22. waste products for use as carbonaceous precursors for activated carbon with varying
degrees of success.
Examples of precursors include: almond shells, olive stones, apricot stones, paper mill
sludge, apple pulp, rice husks, cedar nutshells, and corncob.
Reference: (Linares-Solano et al. 1980, Gonzalez et al. 1994, Gergova and Eser 1996, Khalili et al. 2000, Suarez-Garcia et al. 2001,
Baklanova et al. 2003, Guo et al. 2003, El-Hendawy 2003).
Activated Carbon Adsorption
For many decades a myriad of different industries used activated carbon to
removeor separate compounds in the aqueous phase. Specifically water treatment
utilities use activated carbon to remove many contaminants, such as synthetic organic
chemicals, volatile organic compounds, and taste- and odor-causing compounds
(Snoeyink 1990). This ability to remove unwanted compounds from water led the EPA
to name activated carbon as a best available technology for water purveyors needing to
meet federal regulations. Activated carbon is known as an excellent adsorbent; this is
primarily 30 because of its large surface area, but also because of activated carbon’s
amphoteric surface. Determining the removal performance for specific compounds as
well as the mechanisms involved in the adsorption onto activated carbon is extremely
difficult, because of the nano-scale of the interaction and the large number of controls
for the experiments. These difficulties have led researchers to many different
conclusions throughout the past five decades.
Adsorption Principles
In order for a compound to adsorb to a surface, a driving force must exist so
that the compound will leave the aqueous phase. Examples of these include
hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, chemical attractions or van der Waals forces
(Weber Jr. 1972). Electrostatic forces drive adsorption when an ionic compound

23. encounters oppositely charged ionic adsorbent. Although these forces are a result of the
charge of the compounds and their chemical make-up, adsorption due to electrostatic
forces is classified as physical adsorption. This is likely because of the low energy level
that exists when compounds adsorb in this manner. Despite the lower energy,
electrostatic interactions are important to adsorption, since they have longer reaching
effects then other major driving forces.
Physical adsorption is commonly associated with van der Waals forces, which
also drive adsorption in the aqueous phase. The mechanisms for van der Waals forces
to drive adsorption are the result of various dipole interactions, and therefore the two
surfaces must be extremely close in order for adsorption to occur. van der Waals forces
are very important though in adsorption in the aqueous phase, particularly in activated
carbon. A majority of the internal surface area in activated carbon is similar to a
graphitic plane (i.e., without free electrons or other active sites for reactions). On this
type of surface, adsorption will primary be a result of van der Waals forces.
Compounds can also adsorb via chemical means as well as the physical methods
described above. Chemical adsorption occurs when the adsorption energy between the
two surfaces is high. An example of chemical adsorption is when a compound
chemically bonds to the surface to which it is adsorbing. Activated carbons often have
chemical functional groups at the edges of the graphitic planes, therefore compounds
can adsorb strongly via chemical adsorption to these active sites.
Adsorbates and adsorbents affinity to water also affect adsorption. Hydrophobic
compounds often adsorb readily to solid surfaces due to their desire to leave the
aqueous phase. The tendency of a compound to leave the aqueous phase is often
quantified using the octanol-water partition coefficient. Compounds with high octanol-
water coefficients are classified as hydrophobic since they prefer to partition into the
octanol over water. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature of the adsorbent also affects
adsorption in the aqueous phase. For example, an absorbent with a hydrophilic surface

24. will wet easily. An adsorbent with a wetted surface may not perform well because of
interference of watermolecules on the surface or edges of pores.
Diffusion, another important adsorption principle, defines the ability of the
adsorbate to get to and find a permanent adsorption site. There are three phases of
diffusion according to Weber Jr. (1972): bulk diffusion, intra-particle diffusion, and final
adsorption. Understanding each phase of diffusion is important in order to determine
which is the limiting step (i.e., longest time) in the particular adsorption conditions. The
first, bulk diffusion, is the path the compound takes to get from the aqueous phase into
the solid adsorbent. Bulk diffusion is often the limiting step in systems where there is no
mixing and contact between the compound and the adsorbent is not forced.
The second phase of diffusion occurs inside the adsorbent, as the compound
travels to a spot for permanent adsorption (Weber Jr. 1972). Termed intra-particle
diffusion, this phase can be the limiting step when the adsorbent does not have
adequate macro- or mesoporosity. Reducing the particle size of the adsorbent can
reduce the time of intra-particle diffusion,making permanent adsorption sites closer.
The final phase of diffusion is the compound finding a permanent site for adsorption.
This last step is impacted greatly by the driving forces discussed above. Adsorbents
with numerous adsorption sites that are attractive to the adsorbate promote a rapid
final diffusion step.
Activated Carbon Pore Structure
Activated carbons’ internal structure is based upon that of pure graphite; the
former being much less organized than the latter. Ideal graphite is a limitless system of
fused hexagons of carbon atoms. Three of the carbon’s atoms’ four outer valence
electrons engage in covalent bonds with neighboring atoms, while the fourth resonates
between different bond structures (Snoeyink and Weber 1967). The parallel layers of
carbon hexagons (graphitic planes) are held together via van der Waals forces, at a
distance approximately 3.35 Å apart (Snoeyink and Weber 1967). This structure creates

25. a very homogenous physical surface with little internal area. As stated above, activated
carbon’s structure is much less organized than graphite.
During activation, the graphitic planes are disrupted, thereby creating the
internal surface area and porous network activated carbon is known for. The increase in
the number of pores and surface area also creates many more edges (edge sites) than
that of graphite. The higher number of edge sites increases the number of unbonded
carbons available, leading to more chemical reactions and 33 surface functional groups
at these edge sites. Therefore, an activated carbon would have more surface functional
groups than graphite exposed to the same conditions. Moreover, the increased number
of functional groups will contribute heavily to the adsorptive ability of the activated
carbon.
The pore structure of activated carbon is commonly divided into micropores (<
20 Å), mesopores (20-500 Å), and macropores (>500 Å). Micropores generally
constitute the majority of the surface area and pore volume in activated carbons, over
90% in some cases (Tomkow et al. 1977). Micropores are very important for aqueous
and air phase applications as they are closest in size to many of the target pollutants.
Meso- and macropores also have important roles as they provide diffusion pathways to
the internal pores and serve as adsorption sites for larger compounds (e.g., NOM).
Pore structure affecting the adsorption of organics
The extent to which an organic compound adsorbs is often determined by the
surface area and pore volume that exists within the activated carbon. Kasaoka et al.
(1989) performed adsorption experiments involving organics and activated carbon in
hopes of finding a relationship between the molecular size of the adsorbate and the
pore widths in the adsorbent. Here organic compounds preferred to adsorb in pores 1.5
to 2 times their size, and therefore micropores are very important since many target
compounds fit into this size range. Other experiments with organic dyes produced

26. similar results, as carbons with more surface area and volume in pores similar in size to
that of the target dye performed better in adsorption experiments (Krupa and Cannon
1996). Based on these findings, one could predict that many organic pollutants would
adsorb primarily in the micropores of activated carbons. However, these studies were
performed at equilibrium and therefore diffusion did not impact the results. Diffusion
will affect the degree of adsorption of all compounds when shorter contact times are
used.
Activated Carbon Adsorption
For many decades a myriad of different industries used activated carbon to
remove or separate compounds in the aqueous phase. Specifically water treatment
utilities use activated carbon to remove many contaminants, such as synthetic organic
chemicals, volatile organic compounds, and taste- and odor-causing compounds
(Snoeyink 1990). This ability to remove unwanted compounds from water led the EPA
to name activated carbon as a best available technology for water purveyors needing to
meet federal regulations.
Activated carbon is known as an excellent adsorbent; this is primarily 30 because
of its large surface area, but also because of activated carbon’s amphoteric surface.
Determining the removal performance for specific compounds as well as the
mechanisms involved in the adsorption onto activated carbon is extremely difficult,
because of the nano-scale of the interaction and the large number of controls for the
experiments. These difficulties have led researchers to many different conclusions
throughout the past five decades.
Adsorption Principles
In order for a compound to adsorb to a surface, a driving force must exist so
that the compound will leave the aqueous phase. Examples of these include
hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, chemical attractions or van der Waals forces
(Weber Jr. 1972). Electrostatic forces drive adsorption when an ionic compound

27. encounters oppositely charged ionic adsorbent. Although these forces are a result of the
charge of the compounds and their chemical make-up, adsorption due to electrostatic
forces is classified as physical adsorption. This is likely because of the low energy level
that exists when compounds adsorb in this manner. Despite the lower energy,
electrostatic interactions are important to adsorption, since they have longer reaching
effects then other major driving forces.
Physical adsorption is commonly associated with van der Waals forces, which
also drive adsorption in the aqueous phase. The mechanisms for van der Waals forces
to drive adsorption are the result of various dipole interactions, and therefore the two
surfaces must be extremely close in order for adsorption to occur. van der Waals forces
are very important though in adsorption in the aqueous phase, particularly in activated
carbon. A majority of the internal surface area in activated carbon is similar to a
graphitic plane 31 (i.e., without free electrons or other active sites for reactions). On
this type of surface, adsorption will primary be a result of van der Waals forces.
Compounds can also adsorb via chemical means as well as the physical methods
described above. Chemical adsorption occurs when the adsorption energy between the
two surfaces is high. An example of chemical adsorption is when a compound
chemically bonds to the surface to which it is adsorbing. Activated carbons often have
chemical functional groups at the edges of the graphitic planes, therefore compounds
can adsorb strongly via chemical adsorption to these active sites.
Adsorbates and adsorbents affinity to water also affect adsorption. Hydrophobic
compounds often adsorb readily to solid surfaces due to their desire to leave the
aqueous phase. The tendency of a compound to leave the aqueous phase is often
quantified using the octanol-water partition coefficient. Compounds with high octanol-
water coefficients are classified as hydrophobic since they prefer to partition into the
octanol over water. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature of the adsorbent also affects
adsorption in the aqueous phase. For example, an absorbent with a hydrophilic surface

28. will wet easily. An adsorbent with a wetted surface may not perform well because of
interference of water molecules on the surface or edges of pores.
Diffusion, another important adsorption principle, defines the ability of the
adsorbate to get to and find a permanent adsorption site. There are three phases of
diffusion according to Weber Jr. (1972): bulk diffusion, intra-particle diffusion, and final
adsorption. Understanding each phase of diffusion is important in order to determine
which is the limiting step (i.e., longest time) in the particular adsorption conditions. The
first, bulk diffusion, is the path the compound takes to get from the aqueous phase into
the solid adsorbent. Bulk diffusion is often the limiting step in systems where there is no
mixing and contact between the compound and the adsorbent is not forced.
The second phase of diffusion occurs inside the adsorbent, as the compound
travels to a spot for permanent adsorption (Weber Jr. 1972). Termed intra-particle
diffusion, this phase can be the limiting step when the adsorbent does not have
adequate macro- or mesoporosity. Reducing the particle size of the adsorbent can
reduce the time of intra-particle diffusion, making permanent adsorption sites closer.
The final phase of diffusion is the compound finding a permanent site for adsorption.
This last step is impacted greatly by the driving forces discussed above. Adsorbents
with numerous adsorption sites that are attractive to the adsorbate promote a rapid
final diffusion step.

29. CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
A. METHODOLOGY
The proponent of the study had chosen an exploratory research design to better
uncover and better determine whether the use of Activated Carbon are truly beneficial
to our body or not through using intensive research with the use of test group and the
control group. The test group is composed of respondents who claim to have some
health issues or problems and who actually used and consumed activated carbon while
the control group is composed of respondents who likewise claim some health problems
but did not take the activated carbon. This kind of study is done to better achieve
research transparency so as to avoid result mistake and data manipulation.
B. METERIALS
The materials used in this study are the activated carbon capsules as the subject
and the paper sheets which were used during the data gathering process.
C. PROCEDURE
The proponent of the study had utilized probability sampling through identifying
random respondents from Alfonso, Cavite. The first group was composed of
respondents who claimed to have health issues or problems and who were willing to
try the activated carbon, thus, referred to as the test group. On the other hand, there
was a group of respondents who likewise claim to have any health problems or issues
but did not take activated carbon.

30. D. DATA GATHERING
The data gathering process was done through series of trials and demonstrations
and with utmost care among all respondents. The proponent had made drafts of
simple tabulations for basic data segmentation. The use of data which were sought
during the observation phase was likewise taken into consideration to formulate
concrete evidence showing the health benefit of Activated Carbon.
E. PREPARATION
The initial investigation for the use of Activated Carbon was done through series
of literature review prior to actual test to determine its credibility and its side effects as
well. Next, the proponent had made some sort of advices of the experts to better gain
knowledge about the matter. After gaining more information, the proponent had
decided to execute the research proper to its respondents. This investigation lasted for
about four (4) weeks between the test and the control group. During the span of the
investigation, the proponent was able uncover some of the most common study target
such as its internal cleansing effect and its adsorption efficiency.

31. CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
A. RESPONDENT SEGMENTATION
1. Age of the Respondents
17-20 21-24 25-28 29-32 33-36 37-40 41-44 45-48 49-52 Total
3 6 2 4 7 1 8 4 5 40
The able above shows the age segmentation of the respondents with 17 as the
youngest and 52 as the oldest in the observation.
2. Gender of the Respondents
M F Total
22 18 40
The table above shows the gender segmentation of the respondents. Fifty-five
(55%) percent of the total respondents are male while only forty-five (45%) percent of
those are female.

32. 3. Commonly Raised Health Problems by the Respondents
Common Health
Problems
No. of Respondents
Headache 12
Fluctuating body
temperature and blood
pressure
8
Cough 8
Diarrhea 6
Skin Problems 3
Body Odor 3
TOTAL 40
The table above shows the commonly health problems rose by the respondents.
Twelve (12) or thirty (30%) percent of the total respondents claim to have been
experiencing headache. Next to it are the fluctuating body temperature and blood
pressure and cough having claimed by eight (8) respondents or twenty (20%) percent
respectively. After this, is diarrhea which is claimed by six (6) or fifteen (15%) percent
of the total respondents. However, the health problems with the lowest observations
fall under skin problems and body odor which are claimed by three (3) respondents or
roughly eight (8%) percent of the total respondents.
4. Research Stand of the Respondents
Test Group Control Group TOTAL
20 20 40
The table above shows the distribution of the respondents according to research
stand. The respondents are equally divided according to their raised health problems so
as to match the other having the same health condition.

33. B. PRESENTATION OF SIGNIFICANT DATA
Research Phase and Group Assignment
The flow of the study went through series of observation and segmentation to
maintain information accuracy and result transparency. Respondents were subdivided
according to their claimed health problems prior to actual use of the product. Six (6)
out of twelve (12) respondents of those who claimed to have headache were assigned
as part of the test group who will try the activated carbon while the remaining six (6)
were assigned to be part of the control group who will not take the activated carbon.
The same respondents’ division pattern was executed to the other respondents
with other health problems. After 4 weeks of comprehensive observations, the
respondents who took activated carbon were able to conceptualize their own feedback
for the said product. The following details in the table show the respondents’
satisfaction after initial use of activated carbon.
Feedback of the Respondents from the Test Group
Headache Fluctuating body
Temperature
Fluctuating Blood
Pressure
Cough
YES 4
NO 1
UNDCD 1
TOTAL 6
YES 2
NO 0
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2
YES 2
NO 0
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2
YES 3
NO 1
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 4
Diarrhea Skin Problems Body Odor
YES 2
NO 0
UNDCD 1
TOTAL 3
YES 1
NO 1
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2
YES 1
NO 1
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2

34. Feedback of the Respondents from the Control Group
Headache Fluctuating body
Temperature
Fluctuating Blood
Pressure
Cough
YES 1
NO 3
UNDCD 2
TOTAL 6
YES 1
NO 1
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2
YES 2
NO 0
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 2
YES 1
NO 2
UNDCD 1
TOTAL 4
The tables above show the difference among the results of the study according
to respondents’ feedback. As compared, the respondents from the test group who
claimed to have headache and those who took the activated carbon gave a very
satisfying result as it is one of the most crucial evidence to prove the health benefits of
activated carbon in the human body having four of the respondents from this category
claimed to have felt relief after taking the Activated Carbon.
Likewise, the respondents from the test group who claimed to have fluctuating
body temperature and fluctuating blood pressure gave a very reliable claim as they
have been experiencing these in the last six (6) months. All respondents with these
presumed health problems claimed to have their blood pressure and body temperature
back to normal after two weeks of continuous use of Activated Carbon. Next to it are
those respondents who claimed to have cough and who took the Activated Carbon as
well.
Diarrhea Skin Problems Body Odor
YES 1
NO 2
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 3
YES 1
NO 0
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 1
YES 0
NO 1
UNDCD 0
TOTAL 1

35. Among the four respondents, three (3) of them or seventy-five (75%) percent of
the respondents from this category claimed to have a relief after using Activated Carbon
as a food supplement while only one (1) or twenty-five percent of the respondents
claimed that using Activated Carbon as a food supplement has no effect at all.
Following this figure was the respondents who had experienced having diarrhea in the
last three weeks. Two (2) out of three (3) respondents or roughly sixty-seven (67%)
percent of the total respondents from this category had claimed to have a relief after
taking Activated Carbon while only one (1) respondent or roughly thirty-three percent
from this category had claimed to be undecided due to some of the alternative means
used.
The category with the smallest number of respondents, however, delivered the
same result as both of them had one (1) respondent or fifty (50%) percent respectively
who claimed to have a relief and experienced good result after using the product.
The second table however shows the result of the study from the respondents of
the control group. In this group, the respondents who claimed to have headache and
did not take the Activated Carbon gave these information. Only one (1) respondent or
roughly seventeen (17%) of the respondents from this group had claimed to have a
relief from headache without taking Activated Carbon or any medicine. Three (3) of the
respondents from this group or fifty (50%) percent of the respondent claimed to remain
their headache without taking activated carbon in the same span against those who
actually took the product. From this group also, there were two (2) respondents or
thirty-three from this category who claimed to be undecided whether not taking
Activated Carbon or any medicine since they preferred having a bed rest for the same
span of time against those who took the product.
For the next category, the respondents who claimed to have fluctuating body
temperature; there was an equal result between having a relief and still remained the
same condition for not taking the Activated Carbon for the same span of time.

36. For the next category, the group of respondents who claimed experiencing
serious fluctuation of blood pressure had claimed that both of these respondents were
able to find a relief without taking the product. Another control group category was the
group of respondents who claimed to have cough in the last 6 weeks. Without taking
Activated Carbon or any medicine, only one (1) of them was able to recover and
claimed to find a relief from cough. Two (2) of the respondents from this category
remained to have experienced cough and the other respondent claimed to be
undecided.
For those respondents who had claimed to have diarrhea, only one (1)
respondent or thirty-three (33%) from this category claimed to recover from this illness
during the same span of study against those who actually took the product while two
(2) or roughly sixty-seven (67%) percent of the respondents from this category.
For the respondent who claimed to have skin problem, the respondent was able
to recover from such illness in the time span against those who took the product and
the respondent who previously claimed to have experienced body odor claimed to
remain in his condition.
These data-based illustration show significant factor that the use of Activated
Carbon as a food supplement is truly efficient and beneficial to our body. Having the
use of this kind of research pattern, the proponent of the study believes that the
continuous intake of Activated carbon can truly help cleanse our body through its
adsorption abilities.

37. CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A.SUMMARY
The proponent of the study had conducted a research that primarily aimed to
find out the health benefits of Activated Carbon as a food supplement through the
utilization of an exploratory type of research design with a probability sampling
technique to better determine its scientific nature and its effects to the human body.
Secondarily, the purpose of the study is to better understand its so-called “adsorptive
property” which made this product very unique and very interesting in the field of
medicine and to the marketplace as well.
During the span of study, the proponent had drafted an intensive means of
gathering information for information accuracy and results transparency through group
segmentation namely the test group and the control group. By the end of the study, the
proponent had gather relevant data which were later converted into data-based
information with very concrete evidence from the experience of actual respondents.
Relatively, the proponent had also utilized some the documents from its related
literature as guideline for the execution of the study.

38. B. CONCLUSION
After careful and comprehensive review of the entire study, the proponent was
able to conceptualize a significant claim proving the use of Activated Carbon as food
supplement is beneficial for the human body. Toxins in inside the body can be
thoroughly eliminated when Activated Carbon is applied or taken through its adsorptive
property. It has the ability to hold on toxins and other bacteria in our body and
eliminates these through waste disposal internal parts of the body and through washing
for external parts.
Based on different reviews and on actual data gathering, it has been observed
that the use of Activated Carbon can be an efficient alternative to the use of expensive
medicines and other expensive health products available in the marketplace.
Furthermore, the consistency of the statements of the respondents was also used as
basis for the interpretation of the significant data sought during the research phase.
The use of both test group control group had been useful particularly in analyzing the
effects of the products to its users.

39. C. RECOMMENDATIONS
The proponent hereby recommends that the use of Activated Carbon as a food
supplement or as an alternative to commercialized medicines must be taken into
consideration. The proponent likewise recommends for the existence of a government-
sponsored program so as to address the people about the benefits of this product and
the proper use and application as well. The existence of this product in the marketplace
in our industry might play a vital role particularly for those who are in need of
alternative products.
Moreover, the existence of these products in some of the leading products in the
market signifies the start of new product line in which manufacturer can truly provide
health benefits to their customers. The proof that the Activated Carbon has been
proven to be helpful on detoxifying our body, this study can be a strong basis of the
decision-making process. The result of the study might also be the way for a new
avenue of a study that seek to better improve our living using the Activated Carbon in
different ways.
The existence of a health program in the form of a law or even an ordinance that
educates people about the proper use and application of this product is highly
encouraged for better healthy lifestyle while avoiding too much expense on other food
supplement and other medicines.