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Laser & Fiber Electronics Group
Wroclaw University of Technology
Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław
Ultrafast, graphene-based fiber lasers
Jakub Bogusławski
Presentation outline:
1. Introduction and motivation
2. Various types of saturable absorbers
3. Graphene
4. Experimental results
10.06.2014, Warsaw
2
10.06.2014, Warsaw
Motivation
Imaging
• Optical
tomography
• Fluorescence
microscopy
Material processing
•Precise microdrilling
• Production of nanostructures
• Cutting
• Processig of photovoltaics cells
Medicie
• Eye surgery
• Neurosurgery
• Dentistry
• Dermatology
• Cosmetology
Nanotechnology
• Production of low-
dimentional structers
• Selective doping of
semiconductors
Research
• Spectroscopy
• THz wave generation
• Nonlinear optics
• Supercontinuum
generation
Telecommunication
• Frequency standard
reference
•Ultra-short pulses: τ < 1 ps
3
Saturable absorbers
SEmiconductor Saturable
Absorber Mirror
Graphene Saturable
Absorber, GSA
Nonlinear Polarization
Rotation, NPR
Carbon NanoTubes, CNT
4
Graphene as a saturable absorber
• The absorption of single layer: πα = 2,3%
(lineary scalabe with a number of layers)
• Wavelength-independent absorption (broadband)
• Nonliniear optical respons (saturable absorption)
I. Baek et al. Appl. Phys. Express 5 (2012) 032701Q. Bao et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077-3083 (2009)
5
Ultrafast, graphene-based fiber laser
Compact, reliable and simple
construction.
Characteristics:
- τ = 200 fs
- frep = 50 MHz
- Pout = 2 mW
6
Thank you!
7
Rezonator laserowy
Warunek fali stojącej:
λ = nL/2
Odstęp międzymodowy:
Δf = c/2L
CZAS
MOC
Tryb pracy ciągłej (CW)
Continuous Wave
Suma niekoherentna
8
Laser z synchronizacją modów
CZAS
MOC
Mody zsynchronizowane
φ = φM – φM-1 = const
Tryb pracy
impulsowej
Impuls
ultrakrótki
Fale w fazie
9
Nasycalne absorbery
Półprzewodniki: SESAM
(SEmiconductor Saturable
Absorber Mirror)
Grafen (!)
(Graphene Saturable
Absorber, GSA)
Nieliniowa rotacja
polaryzacji (Nonlinear
Polarization Rotation, NPR)
Nanorurki węglowe
(Carbon NanoTubes, CNT)
10
Grafen jako nasycalny absorber
• Absorpcja pojedynczej warstwy grafenu: πα = 2,3%
(rośnie liniowo wraz z ilością warstw)
• Absorpcja nie zależy od długości fali (szerokopasmowy)
• Posiada nieliniową podatność 3. rzędu (wykazuje efekt
nasycalnej absorpcji)
I. Baek et al. Appl. Phys. Express 5 (2012) 032701Q. Bao et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077-3083 (2009)
11
Lasery ultra-szybkie na bazie grafenu (1)
Parametry lasera:
•Długość fali 1565 nm
•Szerokość pasma > 11 nm
•Czas trwania impulsu: 315 fs
•Moc wyjściowa: 3 mW
•Częstotliwość repetycji: 58 MHz
G. Sobon et al., Journal of Lightwave Technology 30, 2770-2775 (2012) G. Sobon et al., Optics Express 20, 20, 19463-19473 (2012)
12
Lasery ultra-szybkie na bazie grafenu (2)
Możliwość osadzania grafenu
otrzymanego różnymi metodami:
•Epitaksja CVD (z PMMA)
•Grafen chemiczny (roztwór)
•Eksfoliacja mechaniczna
G. Sobon et al., APL 100, 161109 (2012) G. Sobon et al., Laser Phys. Lett. 9, 581–586 (2012)
13
Lasery światłowodowe < 100 fs
• Mechanizm nieliniowej rotacji polaryzacji
• Odstęp międzymodowy 200 MHz
• Rezonator o zbalansowanej dyspersji
(„stretched-pulse”)
• Ponad 40 nm pasma
• Impulsy poniżej 100 fs
• Moc średnia do 100 mW
14
Wzmacnianie impulsów ultrakrótkich
Koncepcja układu Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA)
G. Sobon et al., Laser Phys. Lett. 10 (2013) 035104
• Moc średnia do 3 W
• Impulsy < 400 fs
• Moc szczytowa < 40 kW
• Wiązka M2 ≈ 1
15
Zastosowania laserów ultra-szybkich
• Precyzyjne pomiary częstotliwości
• Metrologia (np. pomiar odległości)
• Zegary optyczne
• Spektroskopia o dużej rozdzielczości
• Generacja fal terahercowych
• Generacja impulsów attosekundowych w EUV
• Laserowa mikroobróbka materiałów
• Dermatologia, mikrochirurgia, itd.
• Badania naukowe, pump & probe, generacja zjawisk nieliniowych
• Mikroskopia, tomografia optyczna (OCT)
Dziękuję
za uwagę!

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Ultrafast, graphene-based fiber lasers

  • 1. 1 Laser & Fiber Electronics Group Wroclaw University of Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław Ultrafast, graphene-based fiber lasers Jakub Bogusławski Presentation outline: 1. Introduction and motivation 2. Various types of saturable absorbers 3. Graphene 4. Experimental results 10.06.2014, Warsaw
  • 2. 2 10.06.2014, Warsaw Motivation Imaging • Optical tomography • Fluorescence microscopy Material processing •Precise microdrilling • Production of nanostructures • Cutting • Processig of photovoltaics cells Medicie • Eye surgery • Neurosurgery • Dentistry • Dermatology • Cosmetology Nanotechnology • Production of low- dimentional structers • Selective doping of semiconductors Research • Spectroscopy • THz wave generation • Nonlinear optics • Supercontinuum generation Telecommunication • Frequency standard reference •Ultra-short pulses: τ < 1 ps
  • 3. 3 Saturable absorbers SEmiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror Graphene Saturable Absorber, GSA Nonlinear Polarization Rotation, NPR Carbon NanoTubes, CNT
  • 4. 4 Graphene as a saturable absorber • The absorption of single layer: πα = 2,3% (lineary scalabe with a number of layers) • Wavelength-independent absorption (broadband) • Nonliniear optical respons (saturable absorption) I. Baek et al. Appl. Phys. Express 5 (2012) 032701Q. Bao et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077-3083 (2009)
  • 5. 5 Ultrafast, graphene-based fiber laser Compact, reliable and simple construction. Characteristics: - τ = 200 fs - frep = 50 MHz - Pout = 2 mW
  • 7. 7 Rezonator laserowy Warunek fali stojącej: λ = nL/2 Odstęp międzymodowy: Δf = c/2L CZAS MOC Tryb pracy ciągłej (CW) Continuous Wave Suma niekoherentna
  • 8. 8 Laser z synchronizacją modów CZAS MOC Mody zsynchronizowane φ = φM – φM-1 = const Tryb pracy impulsowej Impuls ultrakrótki Fale w fazie
  • 9. 9 Nasycalne absorbery Półprzewodniki: SESAM (SEmiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror) Grafen (!) (Graphene Saturable Absorber, GSA) Nieliniowa rotacja polaryzacji (Nonlinear Polarization Rotation, NPR) Nanorurki węglowe (Carbon NanoTubes, CNT)
  • 10. 10 Grafen jako nasycalny absorber • Absorpcja pojedynczej warstwy grafenu: πα = 2,3% (rośnie liniowo wraz z ilością warstw) • Absorpcja nie zależy od długości fali (szerokopasmowy) • Posiada nieliniową podatność 3. rzędu (wykazuje efekt nasycalnej absorpcji) I. Baek et al. Appl. Phys. Express 5 (2012) 032701Q. Bao et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077-3083 (2009)
  • 11. 11 Lasery ultra-szybkie na bazie grafenu (1) Parametry lasera: •Długość fali 1565 nm •Szerokość pasma > 11 nm •Czas trwania impulsu: 315 fs •Moc wyjściowa: 3 mW •Częstotliwość repetycji: 58 MHz G. Sobon et al., Journal of Lightwave Technology 30, 2770-2775 (2012) G. Sobon et al., Optics Express 20, 20, 19463-19473 (2012)
  • 12. 12 Lasery ultra-szybkie na bazie grafenu (2) Możliwość osadzania grafenu otrzymanego różnymi metodami: •Epitaksja CVD (z PMMA) •Grafen chemiczny (roztwór) •Eksfoliacja mechaniczna G. Sobon et al., APL 100, 161109 (2012) G. Sobon et al., Laser Phys. Lett. 9, 581–586 (2012)
  • 13. 13 Lasery światłowodowe < 100 fs • Mechanizm nieliniowej rotacji polaryzacji • Odstęp międzymodowy 200 MHz • Rezonator o zbalansowanej dyspersji („stretched-pulse”) • Ponad 40 nm pasma • Impulsy poniżej 100 fs • Moc średnia do 100 mW
  • 14. 14 Wzmacnianie impulsów ultrakrótkich Koncepcja układu Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) G. Sobon et al., Laser Phys. Lett. 10 (2013) 035104 • Moc średnia do 3 W • Impulsy < 400 fs • Moc szczytowa < 40 kW • Wiązka M2 ≈ 1
  • 15. 15 Zastosowania laserów ultra-szybkich • Precyzyjne pomiary częstotliwości • Metrologia (np. pomiar odległości) • Zegary optyczne • Spektroskopia o dużej rozdzielczości • Generacja fal terahercowych • Generacja impulsów attosekundowych w EUV • Laserowa mikroobróbka materiałów • Dermatologia, mikrochirurgia, itd. • Badania naukowe, pump & probe, generacja zjawisk nieliniowych • Mikroskopia, tomografia optyczna (OCT) Dziękuję za uwagę!