HORTICULTURE CROPS

1. Guided By:
Dr. Sonali Kar
(Course Teacher)
HBT-311
Presented By:
Ishita Dey
B. Sc. (hort)
3rd year

2. Plant tissue culture is the cultivation
of plant organs, tissues or cells in
test tubes on artificial media.
This technique is also known as in
vitro technique.
This technique is devoted to keep the
plant cells and organs free from
microbes, i.e. bacteria and fungi.
It ensures the desired development
in the cells and organs by providing
suitable nutrient media.

3. Terminology:
Culture Medium: It is a nutrient
medium which contains all essential
micro and macro nutrients,
carbohydrates, vitamins and
hormones.
Explant: Plant part used for
regeneration. It may be a cell, a
protoplast, a tissue or an organ.
Callus: Unorganized mass of
regenerated cells.

4. Basic requirements:
Aseptic Conditions
Control of Temperature
Sub-Culturing
Proper Culture Medium

5. Tissues
Transfer to Pot
Culture
Culture Medium
Callus Formation
Germination
New Plant
Callus BudsSomatic
Embryos
Proliferation
STEPS IN TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUE

6. The tissue culture technique is
grouped into following categories:
Embryo Culture
Meristem Culture
Anther or Pollen/ Ovule Culture
Tissue and Cell Culture
Callus Culture

7.  In this method, young embryos
are removed from developing
seeds and are placed on a
suitable nutrient medium to
obtain seedlings.

8. Recovery of distant hybrids.
Recovery of haploid plants from
Interspecific Crosses.
Propagation of Orchids.
Shortening the Breeding Cycle.
Overcoming Dormancy.

9. MERISTEM CULTURE
The cultivation of axillary or
apical meristems, particularly of
shoot apical meristem, is known as
Meristem Culture.

10. APPLICATIONS:
Micropropagation’.
Recovery of Virus-Free Stocks.
Germplasm Exchange.
Germplasm Conservation.

11. Anther or pollen/ ovule culture
Production of haploid plants from
pollen grains by placing anthers or
isolated pollen grains on a suitable
culture medium is known as Anther or
Pollen Culture.
Ovule culture is an elegant
experimental system by which ovules
are aseptically isolated from the ovary
and are grown aseptically on chemically
defined nutrient medium under
controlled conditions.

12. Applications:
Crosses between
distantly related species
can bring together novel
gene combinations.
To generate haploid
plants.
It allows novel allele
combinations, particularly
ones involving recessive
characters, to be assessed
in intact plants.

13. Tissue and cell culture
In this method, tissues and cells of
particular plant parts are used for
complete generation of plant.
Either cell
Or tissue

14. Applications:
Biochemical production and
Biotransformation.
Clonal Propagation.
Somaclonal Variation.
Mutant Isolation.

15. Callus tissue means an unorganised
proliferative mass of cells produced
from isolated plant cells, tissues or
organs when grown aseptically on
artificial nutrient medium in glass vials
under controlled experimental
conditions. Culture of such tissue is
known as Callus Culture.

16. Applications:
To quickly produce mature plants.
The production of exact copies of
plants that produce particularly good
flowers, fruits, or have other desirable
traits.
The production of multiples of plants
in the absence of seeds or necessary
pollinators to produce seeds.
The regeneration of whole plants
from plant cells that have been
genetically modified.

17. Continued..
The production of plants in sterile
containers that allows them to be
moved with greatly reduced chances
of transmitting diseases, pests, and
pathogens.
The production of plants from seeds
that otherwise have very low chances
of germinating and growing,
i.e.: orchids and Nepenthes.
To clean particular plants of viral and
other infections and to quickly multiply
these plants as 'cleaned stock'

18. Crops produced from plant tissue
culture:
Embryo Culture: Tomato, Brinjal
Meristem Culture: Potato, Banana
Anther Culture: Tomato, Potato,
Turnip
Cell/Tissue Culture: Orchids, Banana
Callus Culture: Chinese Cabbage

19. Thank you for your
kind attention..