2. Nutrients
• The constituents of the food which are essential for
the body are called nutrients.
Types of nutrients
Carbohydrates - Provide energy
Proteins - Help in growth
Fats - Provide energy
Vitamins - Help in physiological activities
Minerals - Act as regulators in physiological activities
Water - Transports food, regulates body temperature.
8. Water content in vegetables, fruits and
food items
Name of the food
• Water melon
• Cucumber
• Mushroom
• Milk
• Potato
• Egg
• A bread slice
Water content
99%
95%
92%
87%
75%
73%
25%
9. Deficiency Diseases:
Diseases caused due to
the deficiency of
nutrients in food that
we eat are called
deficiency disease
Deficiency diseases and their
symptoms
• Nutrient : Protein
• Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk, peas,
cereals
• Deficiency disease :
Kwashiorkar (children from 1-
5 age)
• Symptoms: retarded growth,
potbelly, swollen limbs
10. • Nutrient : Protein
• Food source: Fish, meat,
egg(albumin), milk,
peas, cereals
• Deficiency disease :
Marasmus
• Symptoms: Thin limbs,
weak appearance,
enlarged head, loss of
weight, retarded
physical and mental
growth.
11. • Nutrients: Vitamin A
• Food source: Fish liver
oil, egg, milk, ghee,
butter, carrot, corn,
yellow fruits, greens.
• Deficiency disease:
Night blindness
• Symptoms: Defective
vision, blindness in dim
light
14. • Nutrition: Vitamin D
• Food source: Fish-liver
oil, milk, egg. It is also
synthesised by the skin
with the help of
sunlight.
• Deficiency disease:
Rickets
• Symptoms: Weak and
bow bones
15. • Nutrition: Vitamin E
• Food source: Vegetable oils, green
vegetables, whole wheat, Mango,
Apple, Greens
• Deficiency disease: Infertility
• Symptoms: Sterility and reduction
of immunity
16. • Nutrition: Vitamin K
• Food source: Green vegetables,
Tomato, Cabbage, Egg, Milk and
milk products.
• Deficiency disease: Hemorrhage
(blood does not clot)
• Symptoms: Loss of excessive blood
even for a small wound
