2. Name
Symbol
Beryllium
Be
Etymology
From mineral “Beryl”
Atomic Number
4
Standard Atomic Weight 9.01218
Metallic Category
Group
Period
Block
Electron Configuration
Alkaline Earth Metal
2
2
s
1s22s2

3.  Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin of France
discovered beryllium on 1797
 Friedrich Wöhler was one of the men
who independently isolated beryllium
on 1828

4. Phase
Density
Solid
1.85 g/cm3
1560 K, 1287 °C, 2349 °F
2742 K, 2469 °C, 4476 °F
12.2 kJ·mol−1
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Heat of Fusion
Heat of Vaporization 297 kJ·mol−1
Molar Heat Capacity 16.443 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor Pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1462
1608
1791
2023
2327
2742

5. Electronegativity
1.57 (Pauling scale)
Ionization Energies
1st: 899.5 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1757.1 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 14848.7 kJ·mol−1
Atomic Radius
112 pm
Covalent Radius
96±3 pm
Van der Waals radius 153 pm

6. Magnetic Type
Diamagnetic
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility
-1.26×10-8
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility
-1.136×10-10
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility -0.00002328

7. Half-Life
Lifetime
Quantum Numbers
Neutron Cross Section
Neutron Mass Absorption
Known Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
Isotopic Abundances
Stable
Stable
1S
0
0.0092
0.00003
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 9Be,
10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be,
14Be, 15Be, 16Be
9Be
9Be 100%

8. % in Universe
1×10-7%
% in Sun
1×10-8%
% in Meteorites
2.9×10-6%
% in Earth's Crust
0.00019%
% in Oceans
6×10-11%
% in Humans
4×10-8%

9.  Beryllium has a concentration of 2 to 6 parts
per million (ppm) in the Earth's crust.
 The Sun has a concentration of 0.1 parts per
billion (ppb) of beryllium.
 It is most concentrated in the soils, 6 ppm,
and is found in 0.2 parts per trillion (ppt) of
sea water.
 Trace amounts of 9Be are found in the Earth's
atmosphere.
 In sea water, beryllium is exceedingly rare,
comprising only 0.0006 ppb by weight.
 Beryllium is found in over 100 minerals, but
most are uncommon to rare.

10.  The more common beryllium containing
minerals include: bertrandite (Be4Si2O7(OH)2),
beryl (Al2Be3Si6O18), chrysoberyl (Al2BeO4)
and phenakite (Be2SiO4).
 Precious forms of beryl are aquamarine,
bixbite and emerald.
 The two main ores of beryllium, beryl and
bertrandite, are found in Argentina, Brazil,
India, Madagascar, Russia and the United
States.
 Total world reserves of beryllium ore are
greater than 400,000 tonnes

11. 





Computers
Lasers
TV
X-ray
Tubes
Space Shuttle Parts





Aircraft
Guided missiles
Satellites
Watch Spring
High-frequency
speaker drivers
A square beryllium foil mounted in a steel
case to be used as a window between a
vacuum chamber and an X-ray microscope.
Beryllium is highly transparent to X-rays
owing to its low atomic number.

12.  Very poisonous, and inhalation can lead to
incurable inflammation of lungs called Chronic
berylliosis.