The document summarizes a presentation given by Jack van der Merwe, CEO of the Gautrain Management Agency, about the Gautrain Rapid Rail Link project in South Africa. Some key points: - The Gautrain is one of the largest public-private partnership rail infrastructure projects in the world, with a budget of $4 billion. - It aims to alleviate traffic congestion in Gauteng province and promote public transportation as part of the government's transportation plan. - Funding comes from various government and private sources, including equity investments, borrowing, and provincial/national budgets. - Advanced signaling and train control systems were implemented, including in-cab signaling of speed limits and automatic

1. ITS South Africa AGM
Gautrain Rapid Rail Link –
From Dreams to Reality
Jack van der Merwe (Pr. Eng)
CEO : Gautrain Management Agency
25 August 2010

2. Scope
Currently one of the largest Green fields rail
infrastructure project in the world (USA $ 4,0 b)
Emphasising the integration of Gautrain with
existing public transport in Gauteng
Was voted “Best Global Deal to Sign” by the
International Public Finance Association in 2007

3. Objectives of the
Gautrain Project

4. More than Just Another Transport
Project

5. Transportation Goals
• Alleviate severe traffic congestion (traffic volumes in corridor
growing at 7% pa.. for more than a decade)
• Show Government’s commitment to the promotion of
public transport (National Land Transport
Act,) – Catalyst public transport project
• Improve the image of public transport with this project and
attract more car users to public transport
• To link to the Tshwane Ring Rail Project, linking Mamelodi,
Atteridgeville and Soshanguve / Mabopane
• Part of holistic transport plan and network for Gauteng
• Catalyst public transport project of national importance

6. Flagship Public Transport
Project of National Significance
• Gautrain is a flagship public transport project of
national importance. It can be the catalyst to free
existing resources or to generate new resources to
promote public transport in a holistic fashion
• Need to ensure Gautrain is integrated into the public
transport system of Gauteng:
– Promotion of public transport
– Strategic integration
– Operational integration
– Funding strategy / process
– Gautrain governance structure
– TDM strategy

8. The Deal

9. PPP - Project partners: Equity
PUBLIC PRIVATE
17%
8%
25%
8%
25%
17%

10. Contractual Structure Private Sector Finance
Bombardier 25%
Bouygues 25%
Province M&R 25%
SPG 25%
Shareholders Lenders
Concession Shareholders Loan
Agreement Agreement Agreement
Bombela “Family” Concessionaire
Bombela
Co-operation
Bombardier 25%
Agreement RATP Dev 51%
Bouygues 25%
M&R 25% Turnkey SPG 25.1%
Operator
SPG 25% Contractor M&R 23.9%
E&M
Maintenance
Sub Contract
Bouygues 45% Civil E&M
E&M Feeder &
Bombardier
M&R 45% Contractor Bombardier 90%
Contractor Maintainer Distribution
SPG
SPG 10% SPG 10%
Onshore Onshore Onshore Onshore Onshore Onshore Onshore Onshore
Sub- procure Sub- procure Sub- Procure Sub- procure
supplier supplier supplier supplier
Offshore Offshore
Offshore Offshore Offshore Offshore Offshore Offshore
Sub-supplier procure
Sub-supplier procure Sub-supplier procure Sub-supplier procure

11. Complex problems have simple, easy to
understand, wrong answers.
No. 4 Grossman’s Misquote

12. The hidden flaw never remains
hidden.
No. 7 Law of Revelation

13. Funding

14. Funding
• Gautrain has 5 sources of funding
– DoRA (Division of Revenue Act) money from central
government via the Department of Transport
– MTEF (Medium Term Expenditure Framework) from
Gauteng Provincial Government
– Private Sector Equity
– Private Sector Borrowing
– Provincial Borrowing

15. Project Financing
Provincial
borrowing
Private Debt 18.4%
9.5%
Equity
1.8%
MTEF
26.1%
DoRA
44.2%

16. Signaling System adopted for
the Gautrain

17. Signalling
• In-cab signalling is being used
• The recommended speed and distance to go
displayed in cab.
• Speed monitored.
• Brake intervention if over speeding
• This system is called ATP (Automatic Train
Protection)

18. Signalling
• The signalling system conforms to ERTMS
(European Rail Traffic Management System) level
1.
• Track to train communication via balise
(transponder).
• Track occupancy by means of Track Circuits
• Swing nose points are being used
• Allows for higher speeds over turnouts.

19. Driver Supported by ATP
ATP!
Brakes!
CAU
Controlled Balise
Travel direction!
Interlocking!
19

20. What Can ATP Do?
• Is fail safe
• Supports and supervises the driver
• Warns the driver and applies the brakes in all
dangerous situations
• Never intervenes unless the driver fails to
respond to given warnings
• Makes it possible to increase traffic capacity
20

21. Distance-to-go Signalling
S1
S2

22. Speed (Ceiling) Supervision
V!
V max + 9! Emergency Brake!
V max + 6! Service Brake!
90!
V max + 3! Audible!
V max!
80!
FSB EB
Applied
Applied
FSB FSB EB Not Released
Released
Applied
until stationary
22

24. Target Supervision
Full service brake curve
Emergency brake curve
80
Allowe
60
d speed
80 80 80 80 - 00
40
00 00 00 Target
20
speed
First Second Application
warningwarning
of the
service 24

25. Typical Example (Park to
Rosebank)
Speed Profile
Train Speed
Gradient
Dynamic Data
Fixed Data
25

26. Telecommunication Systems

27. Telecommunications
• Monitoring of any ground settlement that might
take place in the dolomitic areas around
Centurion.
• Surveillance of the total rail system using CCTV
cameras
• Cameras monitored and controlled from
stations and the OCC.
• The Operations Control Centre situated in
Midrand
•

28. Main Subsystems
• Fibre Optic Communications System (FOCS)
• Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
• Telephone System
• Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)
• Public Address (PA) and Passenger Information (PI)
• Control Room Consoles

29. Locations of Communications Subsystems
• Train Depot
• Stations
• MPS and APSs
• Tunnels, Tunnel Rooms, Evac Shafts
Portal
• Guideway
• Bus Depots (subject to VO)

30. Fibre Optic Communications Subsystem
• Transports voice, video and data over fibre optic
media
• Major Components:
– Fibre Optic Add Drop Multiplexer (ADM)
– Network Manager
– Fibre Cable
– LAN Switches and Routers
– Fibre Optic Transceivers
– GPS Network Time Server (NTS)
– LAN and Fibre patch panel

31. Fibre Optic Communications Subsystem
• Interfaces:
– 1Gb/s Ethernet with VLANs supporting
SCADA, CCTV, PA/PI, AFC, Telephone, Radio
and CJV systems (STMS, BMS SAMS)
– Dedicated independent LANs for Signalling
and OM (Train Bus VLANs)
– Voice Interface (4-Wire) supporting Radio
– Fibre connections supporting ACSA, PSD,
Signalling and CJV systems

32. Fibre Optic Communications Subsystem
• Two FOCS rings with a total bandwidth of 2.5Gb/s
each
• Cable loop via two separate conduits
• OTN Multiplexer with 1G Ethernet Uplinks
• Main FOCS backbone fibre single-mode cable 24
cores
• FOCS fault tolerant for cable breaks, main
processor, power supplies and Signalling
interfaces
• Secondary multi-mode and single-mode fibre
cables for point to point signal distribution

33. Fibre Optic Communications Subsystem
• Dual Ring Structure

34. FOCS
• Fast Reconfiguration of SDH Multiplexer 50ms

35. FOCS - Cabinet

36. SCADA
• SCADA provides a user interface to monitor
and/or control various subsystems;
• SCADA Remote Terminal Units (RTU) located
in the Depot, station EERs, traction power
disconnects, tunnel EERs, the MPS and in
each APS;
• Interface with NTS for time stamping of events
• Interfaces with CJV’s BMS, SAMS, and STMS

37. SCADA – Monitoring Control
• The SCADA System will allow the Central Control
Operators (CCO) to control and monitor:
– MPS and APSs;
– Motorised Traction Power Disconnects;
– Predefined CJV Tunnel Ventilation Scenarios
[auxiliary control];
– CJV 11kV Tunnel Power System [auxiliary
control], and
– CJV tunnel drainage and pumps [auxiliary
control].

38. SCADA – Monitoring Control
• SCADA will monitor the status of:
– AFC, CCTV, Radio, PA/PI, PBX, ETELs;
– Fire Alarm Detection and Suppression System
[auxiliary monitoring];
– CJV Building Management System (Lifts,
Escalators, HVAC, Lighting);
– CJV Security Access Management System
(Building Access Control);
– Workshop Equipment (if applicable).

39. SCADA – Depot Equipment
• SunFire V445 Server

40. SCADA – System Diagram

41. SCADA – RTU

42. Closed Circuit Television System (CCTV)
• Major Components
– Fixed and Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) Cameras
– Networked Server Based Recorders
– Operator Workstations provide live and pre-
recorded video of assigned cameras
– Fibre Transceivers
– Camera Power Supply

43. CCTV - Guideway Cameras
• Cameras: mostly PTZ with some fixed
• Pole mounted
• Provides surveillance of open guideway space
• Excludes tunnel sections due to lack of
permanent lighting
• Spacing between 500 to 1000m
• Low lux cameras but limited to ambient lighting
only

44. Guideway Camera View
• PTZ Cameras are installed every 500 to 1000 metres along the alignment.
• Each camera can only monitor a portion of its coverage at any given time.
• There will most likely exist blind spots in this coverage.
• This coverage will not work in low to no ambient lighting.

45. CCTV - Server Based Video Recorder
• Provides means for live and stored video
playback
• Video transmitted over Ethernet VLAN
• Storage of all camera images for a minimum 7
days at 4CIF (704x576), 4 frames/sec.
• Screen pops on designated CCTV
workstations of alarmed station ETEL locations
• Interface with NTS for time stamping

46. Passenger Announcement and Information
System (PA/PI)
• Major Components:
– Redundant servers
– Station Controllers
– Amplifiers
– Speakers
– Ambient noise sensors
– LED Signs and LED Clocks
– OCC Workstations

47. Public Address
• Broadcasting of operational messages in stations; 1
zone for the platforms and 1 for the concourse
• OCC will be capable of making live or pre-recorded
announcements to any combination of stations
including the Depot
• Combination of suspended, flush and recess mounted
speakers
• Ambient noise compensation to adjust speaker volume
under varying noise levels
• Station Control Panel for live or selected pre-recorded
messages

48. Passenger Information Signs
• Two-double sided signs per platform edge
• Displays:
• Time of next service departing from the platform;
• Destination of next train;
• Details of its stopping pattern - 4 or 8 car;
• Time of second train calling at the platform, when the first train is
at the station;
• Display in 4 languages as needed – 2 Lines scrolling
• Manual pre-recorded or adhoc messages via OCC
consoles can be sent to any combination of stations
(one time or timed messages). Messages can be
coordinated with PA message.
• Separate digital clock at both ends of platform

49. Passenger Information Signs

50. Platform Time Clock

51. Telephone System – ETEL (typical)

52. Operations control centre

53. Bus Depots (VO to be issued)
• CCTV, PA, Telephone
• Cameras for the yard and entrances
• DVRs to record images
• Main Bus Depot telephones connected to Train Depot
PBX via fibre optics
• Radios for buses
• Bus Tracking computer in Main Bus Depot
• Fibre from Train Depot to Main Bus Depot for OM
LAN

54. Automatic Fare Collection

55. All Electronic Automatic Fare
Collection
• Use of modern Contactless Smart Card (CSC) as
ticket medium
• CSC used complies with International contactless
ticket standards (ISO 14443) and other standards
• Ability to integrate Gautrain rail travel, Feeder bus
travel and Gautrain parking using same CSC
•

56. All Electronic Automatic Fare
Collection
• Use of world class Ticket Vending Machines for self
service
• Ability for ticket interoperability with other operators
based on agreement and compatible technology

57. Gautrain
AFC
structure
Operator
Back
Office
Integrated
FMS
Operator
Level
3
ReporMng
Revenue
ReporMng
Management
Revenue
Management
Process
AFC
ApplicaMon
Database
Comms
Level
2
Update
Fare
Data
TransacMon
InformaMon
TVM
On/Off-­‐Board
Check
Out
Front
Office
Card
Readers
Level
1
Fare
Rules
Travel
Kiosk
On
Board
Check
In
Equipment
Fare
Media
Level
0
Buy
Transit
Transit
Ticket
Ticket

58. SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
–
Sta;on
WAN

59. SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
–
Central
System
WAN

60. Ticket vending machines

61. Fare gates

62. Electrification

63. Electrification
• The traction voltage is 25KV.
• Balanced feed from the Main Propulsion
Substation (MPS) at +25KV and -25KV to the
Auto Paralleling Substations (APS) along the
line.
• There are seven APSs.
• Only one feed point from ESKOM comprising
two independent transmission lines.
•

64. Electrification
• In order to balance the voltage between the two
rails a number of impedance bonds have been
used.
• Regenerative braking
• Regenerated Power can be used by other trains
or fed back into the system
•

65. Construction update
stations

66. On the test track in Midrand ....

69. Inside the train depot

71. Sandton Station

72. Sandton Station

73. Sandton Station

74. Sandton Station platform

75. Gautrain at Sandton Station

79. Centurion Station

80. Viaduct 5 towards Centurion Station
Centurion Station
Supersport Park
John Vorster interchange

81. Centurion Station
John Vorster interchange
Centurion Station
Supersport Park

82. Viaduct 5, John Vorster Ave

83. Jean Avenue Viaduct 5d - Balanced
Cantilever
Pier 76
27 January 2009

84. Viaduct 5, Jean Ave

85. Dolomite Area: U-shaped ground
bridge
North of OvP24 (K103)
U-shape (U10) Elements
23 January 2009

86. Launching Girder

87. Viaduct 5 launching crane

88. John Vorster Viaduct 5b – Balanced
Cantilever
Piers 6, 7 8
20 January 2009
P 7
P 6
P 8

89. Airport Link

90. OR Tambo station platform concourse

91. OR Tambo station platforms

92. OR Tambo station

93. Viaduct 5, Jean Ave

94. Viaduct 5, Jean Ave

96. The Seven Stages of a PPP
Project
• Enthusiasm
• Promises Programmes
• Disillusionment
• Panic
• Hunt for the guilty
• Punishment of the innocent
• Reward for those who had nothing to do with
it

97. Whatever it is that hits the fan will not be
evenly distributed.
No. 2 Law of Probable Dispersal

98. “The philosophers have only
interpreted the world, the point
however is to change it”
Karl Marx
“The Future is not for the faint
hearted.”
Thank You R Reagan
www.gautrain.co.za

99. Rhodesfield Station

100. Viaduct 15 towards airport
Rhodesfield Station
parking area

101. OR Tambo station

102. OR Tambo station

103. Opportunity always knocks at the least
opportune moment.
No. 11 Ducharme’s Precept

104. There’s always one more bug.
No. 2 Lubarsky’s Law of Cybernetic Entomology

105. Park Station