Computer Network Technology | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.in
By Sachindra Chavan
Department of Information Technology,
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT
Pune
COMPUTER NETWORK TECHNOLOGY
http://idrona.in/benefits-limitations-computer-networking/

DYNAMIC HOST CONFIGURATION PROTOCOL
(DHCP)

HISTORY
• DHCP was created by the Dynamic Host Configuration Working Group of the Internet
Engineering Task Force
• October 1993: RFC 1531 initially defined DHCP as a standard-track protocol succeeding
the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), which is a network protocol used by a network client to
obtain an IP address from a configuration server
• October 1997: RFC 2131 released is the current DHCP definition for Internet Protocol
version 4 (IPv4) networks
• The extensions of DHCP for IPv6 (DHCPv6) were published as RFC 3315

What is DHCP?
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• It is a method for assigning Internet Protocol (IP)
addresses permanently or to individual computers
in an organization’s network
• DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and
distribute IP addresses from a central point and
automatically sends a new IP address when a
computer is plugged into a different place in the
network

Motivation for DHCP
• Configuration parameters for network hosts
IP address
Router
Subnet Mask
Others..

Two types of IP Addresses
• DHCP is used to assign IP addresses to hosts or workstations on the
network
• Two types of IP addresses:
Static
Is a number that is assigned to a computer by an Internet service provider (ISP) to be its
permanent address on the Internet
Dynamic
The temporary IP address is called a dynamic IP address

Why is DHCP Important?
• Important when it comes to adding a machine to a network
• When computer requests an address, the administrator would have to
manually configure the machine
 Mistakes are easily made
 Causes difficulty for both administrator as well as neighbors on the network
• DHCP solves all the hassle of manually adding a machine to a network

How does DHCP work?
• When a client needs to start up TCP/IP operations, it broadcasts a request for
address information
• The DHCP server will not reallocate the address during the lease period and will
attempt to return the same address every time the client requests an address
• The client can extend its lease or send a message to the server before the lease
expires it that it no longer needs the address so it can be released and assigned to
another client on the network

Advantages of DHCP
• DHCP minimizes the administrative burden
• By using DHCP there is no chance to conflict IP address
• By using DHCP relay agent you provide IP address to another network

Disadvantages of DHCP
• When DHCP server is unavailable, client is unable to access enterprises
network
• Your machine name does not change when you get a new IP address
Tel - +91 20 22933441 / 2 / 3 | Website - www.isquareit.edu.in ; Email - info@isquareit.edu.inHope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology, I²IT, P-14 Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune - 411 057

Security problem
• DHCP is an unauthenticated protocol
 When connecting to a network, the user is not required to provide credentials in
order to obtain a lease
 Malicious users with physical access to the DHCP-enabled network can instigate a
denial-of-service attack on DHCP servers by requesting many leases from the
server, thereby depleting the number of leases that are available to other DHCP
clients

Easy to set-up and administer
• DHCP servers are easy to administer and can be set-up in just a few
minutes
• Client addresses are assigned automatically

Limitations
• Some machines on your network need to be at fixed addresses,
for example servers and routers
• You need to be able to assign a machine to run the DHCP
server continually as it must be available at all times when
clients need IP access

Conclusion
• Assigning client addresses automatically is by far the easiest option of the two:
 Set-up automatically by DHCP server
 Set-up manually
• To set-up clients automatically all you need to do is set your TCP/IP control panels to
receive automatically
• If you intend to set up your client computers manually, make sure that the assigned
IP address is in the same range of your default router address and that it is unique to
your private network

THANK YOU
For further details, feel free to contact
Prof. Sachindra Chavan
sachindrac@isquareit.edu.in
Department of Information Technology,
Hope Foundation’s International Institute of Information Technology,
I²IT
P-14, Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Hinjawadi, MIDC Phase I
Pune – 411 057
www.isquareit.edu.in | info@isquareit.edu.in

Computer Network Technology | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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