The document discusses various topics related to oral and non-verbal communication including public speaking, conducting meetings, and interviewing. It provides guidance on effective oral communication techniques like varying vocal pitch and rate of speaking. Non-verbal communication such as facial expressions, gestures and eye contact are described as adding meaning and impact. Tips are provided for skills like public speaking, participating in meetings, and interviewing for jobs.

1. ORAL AND NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
PREPARED BY: HIMAL LUITEL
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2. TOPICS FOR
DISCUSSION: Oral communication
Non-verbal communication
Public Speaking
Conducting and Participating in meetings
Interviewing and getting interviewed.
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3. Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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4. Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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5. Incorporate changes in vocal pitch to add emphasis and
to avoid monotony
Must vary the rate of speaking and incorporate pauses
while speaking
Appropriate volume of speaking must be maintained.
Avoid irrelevant words or sounds (like “umm”, “you
know”, “okay” )
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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6. Process of communication through sending
and receiving wordless messages.
For example, while speaking we move our
hands or arms around.
Non verbal communication adds impact to
a meaning to spoken words
Plays crucial and vital role in
communication process.
“I am the most
spontaneous speaker in
the world because every
word, every gesture, and
every retort has been
carefully rehearsed.”
-George Bernard Shaw
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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7. Postures
Facial Expressions
Gestures
Eye contact
Touch
Space
Voice
These non verbal elements are
important tools in developing good
oral communication skills.
Your outward appearance mirrors
your inner mood.
The interpretation of non verbal
communication varies from culture
to culture.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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8. The way a person stand or sit can say a
lot about how they feel.
For example anxious or nervous person
fidget his hands or tap his feet,
someone in gloomy mood have their
heads down and seem lifeless.
It is important to interpret these signals
to develop good human relations.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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9. Human faces are able to communicate
variety of emotion and expressions.
For instance a smile conveys happy
and jolly mood, raised eyebrows
depicts disbelief.
Similarly a frown denotes that a
person in worried or upset.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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10. Gestures are used while speaking; for
example using hands for expressions,
raising fist in anger, etc.
They are also used while listening; like
nodding head in approval or shaking it
in disapproval.
These are valuable signs which need to
be read carefully while
communicating.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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11. Visual sense is the most dominant for
most of the people, so eye contact is
must for non verbal communication.
A person can interpret interest,
affection, hostility or attraction by the
way someone looks at him.
It is crucial to maintain the flow of
communication and to measure other
person’s response.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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12. A great deal of
communication
happen through
touch.
A person can get
various messages
when he gets:
• A firm handshake
• A warm bear hug
• A reassuring pat on
back
• A patronizing pat on
the head
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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13. Physical space can convey various
nonverbal messages such as signals of
intimacy, aggression, dominance or
affection.
For example when one person is standing
too close during conversation other may
feel uncomfortable and he may feel like his
space is invaded.
Need for physical space differs depending
upon cultures.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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14. While speaking one should pay attention to
include timing and pace, how loud to speak
and sound that convey understating such
as “ahh” and “uh-huh”.
Also need to consider the tone of voice as it
can indicate sarcasm, anger, affection or
confidence.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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15. 1.To help make a good
first impression.
2.To send the right
messages, managers or
leader use the non
verbal communication to
lead.
3.To read the basic
signals to help build
rapport, gain trust and
improve morale.
4.To understand
whether non verbal
signals confirm or
contradict with words
spoken.
5.To understand people
who come across to our
individual or work life.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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16. • It is the process of speaking to a group of people in
a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform,
influence or entertain the listeners.
• There are five basic elements, “who is saying what
to whom using what medium with what effects?”
• It is a powerful tool which is used to motivate,
influence, persuade, inform, translate or entertain.
Good orators
need to change
the emotions of
their listeners,
not just inform
them.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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17. It is important in
business as
manager should
communicate
their ideas in
clear manner
which if not can
turn into a big
loss.
Manager should
be able to state
organization
needs, respond
to issue at hand
and build
consensus.
It is very
important to
managers to
communicate
clearly and
motivate others
to realize
business goal.
Public speaking
helps to
communicate
important
messages inside
and outside of the
organization.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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18. Good Public Speaking is
important for several reasons:
A good speech can turn around a bad situation to good one.
Good public speaking can create enormous opportunities for
innovation and healthy competition amongst employees.
Bad presentations are an opportunity lost.
Bad presentation can hurt your organization.
Good speech can
inspire people to
improve
performance to
achieve the
goals.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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19. Factor Influencing Public Speaking
• The topic of presentation
• The attitude of the audience
• The quality of material
• Thorough knowledge of the matter
• The length of speech
• Body Language
• Supporting pictograms, diagrams, etc.
• Pitch vibration and so on.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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20. Must Do’s in Public
Speaking
• Smile and have fun
• Speak loud
• Relax
• Be yourself
• Know your audience
• Be confident
• Claim attention
• Wrap your speech on time
• Be flexible
• Connect with people
• Face your audience
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
Don’ts in Public Speaking
• Do not fear
• Do not rush through presentation
• Do not stick hands in your pocket
• Do not underestimate your audience
• Do not point fingers
• Do not dictate
• Do not hurt people’s feelings
• Avoid over repetitions of words or phrases
• Do not put up an aggressive face
• Do not make things up which you are not sure
about
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21. Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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22. • Effective presentation skills are
important in business, sales,
training, teaching in general
public speaking.
• Most important component of
presentation is you.
• In business environment, you
can let other know what you are
capable of by presenting your
ideas.
Presentation simply means
a structured, prepared and
speech based means of
communicating
information, or ideas to a
group of interested people,
in order to inform or
persuade them.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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23. Importance of Presentation Skills
• To properly structure presentation
• To deliver effective presentation
• To learn what not to do during presentation
•To overcome nervousness
• To develop powerful body language
•To design and use visual aids effectively
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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24. Tips &Techniques
for Effective
Presentation
• Maintain good eye contact.
• Vary your speaking volume
• Use pauses
• Do not read your presentation
• Do not stand between the audiences and the
slides
• Use stories, questions, clips, examples, etc.
• Practice makes perfect.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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25. Tips & Techniques for Delivery
Do not put both hands in your pockets
Speak facing the audience
Speak clearly and loudly enough
Look around the room as you speak
Discuss your objectives at the
beginning of presentation.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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26. Effective Slide Presentation
Keep it simple
Limit bullet points and texts
Use high quality graphics
Have a visual theme of your own, and avoid using
templets.
Use appropriate charts
Use color well
Choose your font well
Use video or audio
Don’t stare at slide.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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27. Types of Slides
• Usually based on templates that gives all the slides general look.
• Usually best for project updates and other routine information
• It is predictable and monotonous
Structured Slides
• Typically do not follow any set design plan and has less contents in each slide so it requires more
slides.
• Helps viewers to understand, process and remember speaker’s message
• It is time and effort consuming.
Free-Formed Slides
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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28. Six Principles of Graphic Designs
Balance
equal distribution of
visual weight
Proximity
simple physical
closeness & indicates
visual connection
Alignment
organize and unify page
and overall context
Repetition
repetitive elements such
as color, font, bullets or
something throughout
design
Contrast
bold contrast makes
design interesting
White Space
absence of graphics
and texts that beaks
up design elements
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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29. Common Types of Visuals for
Presentation
• Over head transparencies
• Chalkboards and white boards
• Electronic whiteboards
• Flip cards
• Product samples
• Models
• Video
• Various software programs
In most business
today, electronic or
visual
presentations are
the most common
tools used to
present data,
information,
concepts and
ideas.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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30. Conducting and
Participating in
Meetings
•Formal Meeting
•Annual General Meeting
•Statuary Meeting
•Informal Meeting
•Management Meeting
•Department Meeting
Meeting range from
extreme formal to
informal.
Effective meeting is
an efficient tool in
communication
process.
It enables face to
face contact of a
number of people at
same time.
•Sharing information
•Making suggestion and proposal
•Taking decision
•Obtaining instant feedback
It provides
opportunity for:
A meeting is a gathering
of two or more people
that has been called
together for purpose of
achieving a common goal
through verbal
interaction, such as
sharing information or
reaching agreement.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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31. Types of Meeting
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32. Preparing for
Meeting
Define the purpose of meeting
Determine who should be there
Reserve a room and appropriate equipments.
Decide on appropriate set up
Develop an agenda
Distribute agenda prior to the meeting
Inform participants of necessary preparation.
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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33. Techniques for participating in Meetings
1. Follow the agenda or
stay within the limit if
the meeting’s goal
2. Speak only to
contribute not to
disturb
3. Meeting requires
cooperation from all
participants
4. Respect others rights
and opinions and
permit them to speak
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
Follow the agenda Do not talk too much Cooperate Be Courteous
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34. Meeting
Minutes It begins with organization name, place, date, list
of people present, absent and time.
All the agenda for meeting are mentioned
All official decision must be included
The reports given and the person involved
The vote tally may also be included
The date, time and place of the next meeting
Assignments and the person responsible
It describe and specify what was
discussed and decided in a meeting
Permanent record of the meeting for
future reference
Included an overview of the meeting
Note down in a concise way the
matters being dealt with and decided.
Produce the minutes of meeting to
everyone
Format of Minutes
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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35. Importance of
Meeting Minutes
Confirm any decision made
Record of any agreed action to be taken.
Record who has been allocated task and
responsibility
Provide details of the meeting to anyone
unable to attend
Serve as a record of the meetings
procedure and outcome
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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36. Interviewing and
Getting
InterviewedJob interview is a process in which a potential
employee is evaluated by an employer for
perspective employment in their organization.
Interviews are conducted for employment to get
information and to give information.
Interviewing is a form of personal
communication, usually between two or more
people.
By this process, employer determine whether or
not the applicant is suitable for the job
Poudel, Uttam. A Reference Book to ManagerialCommunication, 2074
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37. Guidelines for
Interviewer
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38. Guidelines for
Interviewee
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39. ThankYou
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