Neck muscles help support the cervical spine and contribute to movements of the head, neck, upper back, and shoulders #neck #muscle #anatomy

1. NECK MUSCLES
By- Henan Fatemah Pathan Group 92

2. WHAT ARE NECK
MUSCLES?
Neck muscles are bodies of tissue that
produce motion in the neck when
stimulated. The muscles of the neck run
from the base of the skull to the upper
back and work together to bend the head
and assist in breathing.

3. FUNCTIONS OF NECK MUSCLES
The neck muscles serve a variety of functions,
including:
● Elevating your upper ribs so you can inhale.
● Helping with chewing, swallowing and speaking.
● Making certain facial expressions.
● Moving your head, neck and upper back, including your
shoulder blades.
● Stabilizing and supporting your head, neck and spine.

4. 26
There are about 600 muscles in the human body.
There are 26 muscles in the neck--10 pairs of 2
and 2 sets of 3, to be precise.

5. TYPES OF NECK MUSCLES
01 (FRONT)
ANTERIOR
03
(SIDE)
LATERAL
02 POSTERIOR
(BACK)

6. The muscles of the neck are muscles that cover
the area of the neck. These muscles are mainly
responsible for the movement of the head in all
directions. They consist of 3 main groups of
muscles: anterior, lateral and posterior groups,
based on their position in the neck. The
musculature of the neck is further divided into
more specific groups based on a number of
determinants; including depth, precise location
and function.

7. Anterior neck muscles
The anterior neck muscles are a group of muscles covering the
anterior aspect of the neck.
Superficial muscles: Platysma, sternocleidomastoid
Suprahyoid muscles: Digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid
Infrahyoid muscles: Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
Anterior vertebral muscles: Rectus capitis, longus capitis, longus colli

8. The platysma is a sheet-like muscle that
lies within the subcutaneous tissue of
the anterior neck, superficial to the
investing layer of deep cervical fascia
Platysma
Superficial muscles
The suprahyoid muscles are four
muscles located superior to the hyoid
bone. They connect the hyoid bone to
the mandible and the base of the skull
and form the floor of the oral cavity.
These muscles include the digastric,
mylohyoid, geniohyoid and stylohyoid
muscles.
Suprahyoid muscles
The platysma is a sheet-like muscle
that lies within the subcutaneous
tissue of the anterior neck,
superficial to the investing layer of
deep cervical fascia
Sternocleidomastoid
muscle
The mylohyoid is a sheet-
like muscle that forms the
majority of the floor of the
mouth
Mylohyoid

9. Digastric is a small paired muscle
located in the anterior compartment of
the neck. It belongs to a group of
muscles called the suprahyoid muscles.
Digastric muscle
Suprahyoid muscles
The Mylohyoideus (Mylohyoid muscle), flat
and triangular, is situated immediately
above the anterior belly of the Digastricus,
and forms, with its fellow of the opposite
side, a muscular floor for the cavity of the
mouth
Mylohyoid muscle
Geniohyoid muscle is a short,
paired muscle that belongs to
the suprahyoid muscle group of
the neck.
Geniohyoid muscle
Stylohyoid is a paired muscle
located in the anterior triangle of
the neck. It is part of the suprahyoid
muscle group which connects the
hyoid bone to the mandible and
skull.
Stylohyoid muscle

10. The sternohyoid is a strap like
infrahyoid muscle that
connects the hyoid bone with
the clavicle and sternum
Sternohyoid muscle
Infrahyoid muscles
Omohyoid is a paired
muscle located in the
anterior region of the neck.
It belongs to a group of
muscles called infrahyoid
muscles,
Omohyoid muscle
Sternothyroid is a paired strap
muscle located in the muscular
triangle of the neck.
Sternothyroid
muscle
Thyrohyoid is a small,
quadrilateral muscle found
in the anterior triangle of
the neck.
Thyrohyoid muscle

11. The anterior vertebral muscles are a deep group of muscles
located just anterior to the cervical vertebral column. These
include the rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis,
longus capitis and longus colli. These muscles are surrounded
by the prevertebral fascia of the neck, which is why they are
commonly referred to as prevertebral muscles. The principal
function of these muscles is flexion of the head to varying
degrees.
Anterior vertebral muscles

13. Posterior neck muscles
Superficial layer: Trapezius, splenius capitis, splenius
cervicis.
Deep layer: Cervical transversospinales muscles
(semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis).
Deepest layer: Suboccipital muscles (rectus capitis
posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus
capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior).
The posterior aspect of the neck is covered by
muscles that connect the skull to the spinal
column and pectoral girdle.

15. The trapezius is a large, flat,
triangular muscle that forms a
diamond shape with its
contralateral counterpart.
Trapezius
Superficial layer
The superficial muscles of the
posterior neck are the splenius
muscles; the splenius capitis and
splenius cervicis. These muscles
also belong to the superficial layer
of the deep (intrinsic) back
muscles.
Splenius muscles

16. The transversospinalis muscles are a large group of
muscles that also belong to the deep layer of the
intrinsic muscles of the back. This group of muscles
comprise the semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores
muscles. All of these muscles are subdivided further
according to the region they span.
Cervical transversospinalis muscles
Deep layer

17. The suboccipital muscles are four small muscles
found in the suboccipital region, deep to the
semispinalis muscles.
Suboccipital muscles
Deepest layer

18. Lateral neck (vertebral) muscles
The lateral neck muscles, also called the lateral vertebral muscles, are a group
of muscles that pass obliquely along the lateral sides of the neck. These include
the anterior, middle and posterior scalene muscles, which extend between the
transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and the upper two ribs. Due to
their attachments, these muscles mainly produce ipsilateral flexion of the neck.

19. It arises from the anterior tubercles
of the transverse processes of
vertebrae C3-C6, and inserts onto
the scalene tubercle and the superior
border of the first rib.
Anterior scalene muscle
The posterior scalene is the smallest and
most posterior of the scalene muscles
that arises from the posterior tubercles
of transverse processes of cervical
vertebrae C4-C6.
Posterior scalene muscle
The middle scalene is the largest of the scalene
muscles, that arises from the transverse processes
of axis (C2) and atlas (C1), and the posterior
tubercles of transverse processes of the vertebrae
C3-C7
Middle scalene muscle

20. Most neck muscle injuries heal over the course of a
few days or weeks with at-home treatments. Your
provider may recommend:
● Heat therapy to relax muscles.
● Ice or cold compresses to reduce swelling.
● Massage.
● Anti-inflammatory medications or muscle relaxants.
How are neck muscle injuries treated?

21. THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
TIME!