The document discusses key concepts regarding government budget deficits and surpluses. It provides 6 multiple choice questions related to: 1) how budget surpluses impact the economy in the long run; 2) the definition of a budget deficit or surplus; 3) how deficits and surpluses should be viewed; 4) calculating the impact of simultaneous spending increases and tax raises; 5) how automatic stabilizers affect the budget during an economic recovery; and 6) challenges around altering mandatory spending programs.