Finance Minister’s Pranab Mukherjee’s “inclusive” Budget 2010-11 does not include children, who are over 42 per cent of the population. Out of every rupee spent in the budget, he has allotted only 4.63 paise to children. HAQ: Center for Child Rights B1/2, Ground Floor, Malviya Nagar New Delhi - 110017 Tel: +91-26677412,26673599 Fax: +91-26674688 Website: www.haqcrc.org FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights

1. Children not Included in ‘Inclusive’ Budget:
Where is the ‘Aam Bachcha” in the budget, Mr FM?
Budget for Children in the Union Budget 2010-2011
By1
HAQ: CENTRE FOR CHILD RIGHTS
B 1/2. Ground Floor, Malviya Nagar. New Delhi-110017. Ph: 91-11-26673599
Tele fax: 91-11-26674688 E-mail: info@haqcrc.org
“We have to strengthen food security, improve education opportunities and provide health
facilities at the level of households, both in rural and urban areas. These are issues that
require significant resources, and we have to find those resources.”
Shri Pranab Mukherjee, Budget Speech 2010-2011
1
Analysis and data processing by Paromita Shastri, Enakshi Ganguly, Madhumita Purakayastha,
Preeti Singh, Parul Thukral and Indarilin Dkhar.

2. Share of Children in Union Budget 2010-11
95.4
4.6
Union Budget
BfC
Finance Minister’s Pranab
Mukherjee’s “inclusive” Budget
2010-11 does not include children,
who are over 42 per cent of the
population. Out of every rupee
spent in the budget, he has allotted
only 4.63 paise to children.
The children s share in the next
fiscal year (Rs. 51453.84 crore) is
only slightly higher than 4.21 per
cent in 2009-10, even as the total
budget size has risen 8.61 per cent to
a record Rs 11 lakh crore. This is
still lower than the share children had received in 2008-09 or even the years previous to this (see
Table 1). Even this small increase in the share of the budget for children will reduce once the
revised and actual estimates come in, as has been the trend in the past five years (see graph
below).
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
2005-06
(BE)
2005-06(RE)
2006-07(BE)
2006-07(RE)
2007-08(BE)
2007-08(RE)
2008-09(BE)
2008-09(RE)
2009-10(BE)
2009-10(RE)
2010-11(BE)
Union Budget Child Budget

3. Sectoral Allocation within Union Budget 2010-11
3.2
0.9
0.5 0.04
Education
Development
Health
Protection
The gap between the funds allocated and the funds actually released on the ground is never
sharper in any other area than in the case of
child-focused schemes in education, health,
protection and development (see box below).
Reflecting a decadal trend, education gets the
largest share of the budget, while protection gets
the lowest.
Even with the huge allocation to elementary
education, for instance, children’s share of
education remains only 3.2 per cent.
Although the government has promised to soon bring in the Food Security Bill, to ensure that the
poorest families are provided with 25 kg of wheat or rice every month at Rs 3 per kg, the budget
contains several measures that will actually fan inflation. Prices of essential items were acutely
high all through 2009, out of reach of average families.
Sectoral allocation within BfC as Percentage
of Union Budget
In per centSectors within BfC
2009-10 2010-11
Share of Development
Sector, BfC in Union
Budget
0.69 0.90
Share of Health
Sector, BfC in Union
Budget
0.46 0.49
Share of Protection
Sector, BfC in Union
Budget
0.02 0.04
Share of Education
Sector, BfC in Union
Budget
3.03 3.20
Share of Children in
Union Budget
4.21 4.63
Source: Expenditure Budget Volume II,
2008-09 & 2009-10
The huge gap between approved budget and funds released
Centrally sponsored scheme to build 6000 high-quality model schools at block level as
benchmarks of excellence: First phase was launched in November 2008. 419 schools in 12
states were approved during 2009 but only 167 schools in six states have been sanctioned.
Centrally sponsored scheme of hostels for SC boysand girls, renamed Babu Jagjivan Ram
Chhatravas Yojna from 1 January 2008: Central assistance for girls hostels was raised from
50 per cent to 100 per cent. The target during 2009-10 was to construct 44 hostels for girls and
30 hostels for boys. Only Rs 5.98 crore was released under the scheme against an allocation of
Rs 90 crore up to December 2009.
Centrally sponsored scheme to set up Girls Hostels in Educationally Backward Blocks
with 100 seats in about 3,500 educationally backward blocks: In October 2008, 647
hostels in 14 States were approved. So far only 163 hostels in seven states have been
sanctioned.
Source: Economic Survey 2009-10, Chapter 11.

4. Development Sector in BfC
There are 164 million children in the 0-6 years age group in the country. According to the Third
National Family Health Survey conducted over 2005-06, 37 million children below the age of 3
are underweight, while almost 50 per cent of the under-fives are moderately or severely
malnourished. Clearly, the less than one per cent share that the development sector has got from
the budget, most of which will go to the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), will not
be enough to address the needs of all these children.
The ICDS, one of the world s largest programmes for early childhood development, has received
Rs 7,932.71 crore in the budget, an 18 per cent jump over last year. So far, according to MWCD,
about 69 million children aged 6-72 months are covered by the Supplementary Nutrition
Programme (SNP) under the ICDS and only 34 million children are covered by any kind of pre-
school initiatives, including the ICDS. This must be seen against the total number of children
under six years, which is 164 million. According to the MWCD website, which lays down a
target of 1.4 million Anganwadi centres (one in every habitation), there is still a shortfall of
95,731 centres as of March 2009. The increased budget will go a small way in bridging the
shortfall in all these areas, no more.
The much feted Rajiv Gandhi National Creche Scheme for Working Mothers sees a fall of 31 per
cent in allocation from Rs 91.52 crore last year to Rs 63.4 crore this year. This scheme catered to
only 7.9 lakh children as on 31 March 2009, according to the Ministry of Women and Child
Development. The scheme is being revised due to poor response and the budget clearly signals
that it is being put on the backburner.
Schemewise Allocation in Development Sector of BfC
(Rs. crore)
Programmes & Schemes 2006-07 2006-07 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10 2010-11
BE RE BE RE BE RE BE RE BE
1. Integrated Child
Development Services 4087.54 4087.68 4761 4856.88 5665.2 5665.2 6026.3 7344.8 7932.71
2. Rajiv Gandhi National
Creche Scheme for the children
of working mothers
(previously named as Day Care
Centres) 94 93.8 103 100 96.1 91.88 91.52 90.05 63.35
3. Contribution to UNICEF 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8
4. National Institute of Public
Cooperation & Child
Development 11.8 11.8 12.85 14.05 25.5 19.22 24.15 21.5 22.5
5. Other Schemes for Child
Welfare 18.65 19.53 33.48 25.88 60.63 70.21 57.18 52.65 58.78
6. Balika Samridhi Yojana 0.03 0.03 0 -- --
7. Provision for social welfare
in NE Region and Sikkim
Child Welfare 466.59 470.99 561.81 564.79 679.4 664.36 715.4 841.85 1038.14
8. Conditional cash transfer
scheme for the girl child with
insurance cover 13.5 7.85 9 9 10 5 10
9. Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for
Empowerment of Adolescent
Girls (RGSEAG)
Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls (NPAG) & Kishori Shakti Yojana
are to be merged to (RGSEAG) with content enrichment. It will be implemented
under the umbrella cover of ICDS
99 4.5 900
Development Sector in BfC
Total 4682.41 4687.63 5489.44 5573.25 6539.63 6523.67 7027.35 8364.15 10029.28
Union Budget—Total 563991.13 581637.04 680520.51 709373.26 750883.53 900953.41 1020837.7 1021546.5 1108749.2
Dev Sector as %age of total
Union Budget 0.83 0.8059 0.8066 0.785 0.8709 0.72 0.69 0.89 0.9

5. Health sector in BfC
The 15 per cent increase in the health sector allocation for
children owes mainly to the allocation of Rs 351 crore for the
new Conditional Maternity Benefit Scheme, aimed at tackling
the problem of low birth weight. There is also a 14 per cent
increase in the Reproductive and Child Health Programme
outlay. However, one third of the health sector allocations
remain externally funded (in RCH and Pulse Polio
Immunisation programme).
According to a performance audit by the Comptroller and
Auditor General (CAG), there was a shortfall of 43,987 Sub
Centres (27 per cent) in 22 States/UTs, 8,613 PHCs (31 per
cent) in 21 States/UTs, and 4,200 CHCs (55 per cent) in 23 States/UTs, from the target that ws
required to be met during the NRHM period (2005-12). The shortfall of health centres was
noteworthy in the eight EAG States, which had 74 per cent of the total shortfall in Sub-centres,
60 per cent of PHCs and 70 per cent of CHCs country-wide.
Schemewise Allocation in Health Sector of BfC
Rs. Crore
Programmes &
Schemes
2006-07 2006-07 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10
2009-10 2010-11
BE RE BE RE BE RE BE RE BE
1. Kalawati Saran
Children s Hospital,
New Delhi
21.94 21.82 20.95 23.05 28 41.27 40 44.77 47.26
2. Manufacture of Sera
& Vaccine (BCG
Vaccine Laboratory,
Guindy, Chennai and
grant to Pasteur
institute of India,
Coonoor)
15.27 16.57 18 18.96 23.15 25.47 32.65 31.65 35.52
3. Reproductive and
Child Health Project
(includes RCH Flexible
Pool)
1765.83 1338.22 1672.2 1629.17 2504.75 2737.54 3147.99 3109.44 3589.72
4. Strengthening of
Immunisation Prog. &
Eradication of Polio
(includes routine
immunisation and
pulse polio)
1330.5 1272.72 1589.88 1345.38 1508.43 1362.34 1491.1 1551.1 1434.08
5. Maternity Benefit
Scheme
0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
6. Conditional
Maternity Benefit
Scheme
3.6 0.9 351
Health Sector, BfC.-
Total
3133.54 2649.33 3301.03 3016.56 4064.33 4166.62 4715.34 4737.86 5457.58
Min. of H & FW -
Total
12993.77 11757.74 15854.88 14974.34 18123 18476 22641.33 21680 25154
Child Health Budget
as %age of Min. of
H&FW
24.11 22.53 11.5 9.17 10.089 22.55 20.83 21.85 21.70
Union Budget—Total 563991.13 581637.04 680520.51 709373.26 750883.53 900953.41 1020837.7 1021546.5 1108749.2
Child Health Budget
as %age of Union
Budget
0.555 0.455 0.268 0.194 0.244 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.49
The deficit in primary
infrastructure for health
centres, coupled with the non-
availability of health centres in
rural areas, poses a serious
challenge to the future course
of the Mission and the
progress made under it.
CAG
Report No. 8 of 2009-10

6. Education sector in BfC
There is a 15 per cent rise in the outlay for Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan to Rs 15,000 crore, and an 18 per cent increase in
the outlay for in the Mid-Day Meal Scheme. However, most
of this increase is funded by the education cess (Rs 14,433
crores) collected from the aam aadmi for the Prarambhik
Shiksha Kosh. In effect, the citizen is paying for the
education of the children of India and yet, getting inadequate
quality and poor access. With 52 per cent children in India
either not attending school or dropping out before class
eight, we are still long way from universalising of
elementary education. The World Bank survey of SSA had
found that 25 per cent of government primary school
teachers are absent from work and only 50 per cent were
actually engaged in teaching while at work. With 14 per
cent of the teachers being para-teachers, according to District Information System for Education
(DISE) 2008-09, and only 10 per cent schools still single teacher, quality remains a far cry.
Schemewise Allocation in Education Sector of BfC
(Rs. crore)
Programmes &
Schemes
2006-07 2006-07 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10
Elementary
Education (HRD)
BE RE BE RE BE RE BE RE
1. District Primary
Education
Programme
2. Kasturba Gandhi
Swantantra/ Balika
Vidyalaya
200 100 80 100 50 10 0.01 0
3. Mahila Samakhya 128 128 Merged
with SSA
80 40 NA
4. National Bal
Bhavan, New Delhi
30 26 34 34 38 38 38 42
5. National Council
of Teacher
Education
8.61 8.94 10 14.4 10.2 16.05 12.23 12.4
6. Nutritional
Support to Primary
Ed. (MDM)
0.45 0.45 9 1 NA NA NA
7. Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan
5348 5348 7324 6678 8000 8000 8000 7359.15
8. Strengthening of
Teacher Training
Inst.
11000 11104 10671 13171 13100 13100 13100 13100
9. Scheme for
Providing quality
Education in
Madrassas
(SPQEM)
180 180 500 312 500 307.34 500 325
10. Scheme for
Infrastructure in
Devt. In Minority
Institutions (IDMI)
50 50
(A) Elementary
Ed.: Sub-total
5 5
Secondary
Education (HRD)
16895.06 16895.39 18628 20310.4 21778.2 21511.39 21705.24 20893.55
I propose to increase the plan
allocation for school education
from Rs.26,800 crore in 2009-10
to Rs.31,036 crore in 2010-11. In
addition, States will have access
to Rs.3,675 crore for elementary
education under the Thirteenth
Finance Commission grants for
2010-11.
Shri Pranab Mukherjee. Budget
Speech 2010-2011

7. 11. Access and
Equity
12. Central Tibetan
Schools Society
Admn.
9 5.9 10 0.1 NA 0.27 0.01 0.05
11. Information
Commn.
Technologies
19.35 19.65 22.35 25.43 26.4 30.71 38 40.33
13. Integrated Ed.
for Disabled
Children
60.2 60.2 250 250 300 300 300 200
14. Kendriya
Vidyalaya
Sangathan
54 54 120 60 70 70 NA
15. NCERT 857.5 870.86 992.3 1014 1049 1451 2112.83 2425.44
16. National
Institute of Open
Schooling
90.53 90.53 101.95 91 105.05 99.34 137.41 122.41
17 National
Scholarship Scheme
4.05 4.05 6 6 15 15 15 15
18. Navodaya
Vidyalaya Samiti
2.3 2.51 2.35 NA NA NA NA
19. Other
Programmes
740.15 753.25 883.4 1054.8 904.25 1549.87 1641.29 1676.2
20.Quality
Improvement in
Schools
2.6 2.9 3 3.2 3.4 3.28 3.6 2.48
21. Scheme for
Universal Access
and quality at the
secondary school
(SUCCESS)
--- --- ---
22. National scheme
for incentive to
Girls for secondary
education
(SUCCESS)
1305 0.15 2185 260 NA
23. Special Jawahar
Navodaya
Vidyalaya
0.9 0.9 45 250.55 50 35
24. New Model
Schools
275 0.15 NA NA NA
25.Rashtriya
Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan (RMSA)
New
Scheme
650 150 NA
26.Scheme for
Setting up of 6000
Model School at
block Level as
Benchmark of
Excellence
1353.98 550
27. Inclusive
Education for the
Disabled at
Secondary
Education (IEDSS)
350 280
28.Vocationalisation
of Education
70 60
29. Scheme for
construction &
running of girls
Hostel for students
of Secondary & HS.
Schools
20 1 37 7 37 1
30.Appointment of
Language Teachers
60 80
31. National Means
Cum Merit
Scholarship Scheme
for studying in
Classes XI-XII less
amount met from
16 16

8. Social Infr. Devt.
Fund
(B) Secondary Ed.:
Sub-total
761.54 750 253
Elem/ Sec Ed.
(Other Ministries)
1839.68 1863.85 3992.25 2506.73 5390.1 4948.56 6935.12 5756.91
32. Pre-matric
Scholarship Scheme
for SC
33. Pre-matric
Scholarship Scheme
for Back ward
classes
16 16 25 7.5 54 54 79 79
34.Pre-Matric
Scholarship for
Minorities
22.5 22.5 22.5 27 27 27 27
35.Girls Hostels for
SC
72 9 71.9 71.9 180 180
36.Boys Hostels for
SC
32 32 32 37 55 55 56 56
37.Other
Programmes for
welfare of SC
28 28 33 38 38 38 39 29
38. Other
Programmes for
Backward Classes
47.85 15.39 16.86 19.33 19.67 20.09 20.69 22.64
39.Common
Programme - SC,
ST & Backward
classes
12.82 5.45 5.09 5.8 6.34 12.47 6.05
40. Boys and Girls
Hostel from
Backward classes
105.5 6.4 7 7 8 6 8 6
41.Ashram Schools
in Tribal Sub-Plan
Area
18 18.5 18.5 31.5 30.25 31.5 26.5
42.Schemes--PMS,
Book Bank, etc.
(ST)
16 15.5 20 20 30 30 41 41.02
43. Schemes of
Hostel for ST Girls
& Boys
189.78 221.74 163.19 162.04 195 195 217.95 216.35
44. Grant- Rural
Sch l for Dev. Of
Playfield
31 28.41 34.5 34.5 61 60 59
45. Incentives-
Prom n of Sports
Activities
0.2 0.2 0 NA NA
46. Post matric
scholarship schemes
for SC
13.5 6 62 NA NA
47. Post Matric
scholarship schemes
for Backward Class
440 475.06 611 811 731 622.5 735 818.56
48.Post Matric
Scholarship for
Minorities
31.49 90.75 110.75 120.75 131.94 121.5 162
49. National Merit
scholarships
90 54 89.9 62.93 135 135
50. National
Programme for
Youth & Adolescent
Development
11.7 11.7 120 12 120
Physical Education
Grants to
NCC/Public
Residential Schools
27 27 25 25
ACA for
Educational
Development of
Tribal Children in
0.1

9. Schedule V areas &
Naxal affected areas
Free Coaching and
Allied Scheme for
Minorities
500 500
(C) Ed. (Other
Min.): Sub-total
10.8
(D) Education
Sector—Total
931.53 941.21 1423.75 1368.21 1685.52 1437.95 2288.11 2341.02
Union Budget
Total
19666.27 19700.45 24024 24184.34 28853.82 27897.9 30928.47 28991.48
Ed. Sector as %age
of Union Budget
563991.13 581637.04 680520.51 709373.26 750883.53 900953.41 1020837.7 1021546.5
Protection sector in BfC
In every budget for the last ten years, protection has received the least attention. This year too it
received 0.04 per cent of the budget.
All initiatives till the Eleventh Five Year plan had been towards had been ameliorative in nature,
that is, they addressed children after they fell through the protective net. With the designing of the
Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS), the effort was to create a protective environment for
children, thereby addressing their needs and stop them from becoming vulnerable to exploitation
and abuse.
In that backdrop, it is heartening to see a 300 per cent jump in the allocation for the ICPS this
year, from Rs 54 crore to Rs 270 crore. However, this is still not enough to even implement the
2001 Juvenile Justice law and the 2006 amendments all over the country. Yet, the old
programmes, such as the Prevention and Control of Juvenile Social Maladjustment, are no longer
running..
HAQ has calculated that one day’s expenditure on just the members alone, if all the CWCs
and JJBs were to be in place, amounts to Rs. 2,13,800 per day (based on the norm of Rs.500
per member per sitting, with a minimum number of three sittings a week). This is apart
from other administration costs as well as the salaries of all the Principal Magistrates.
Protection should ideally be taken up on a war footing by policymakers. India has the highest
number of working children in the world, 12.66 million as per the 2001 census and anywhere
between 14 million and 50 million unofficially. More alarmingly, crimes against children went up
by 7.6 per cent in just one year to 2007, according to Crime in India 2007, published by the
National Crime Records Bureau.
India also has the highest number of sexually abused children in the world, with one in every 10
children sexually abused at any point in time, and a child below 16 years raped every 155th
minute. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) says that on an average, 44,000
children are reported missing every year, while one fourth remain untraced.
Children are also getting more vulnerable in an increasingly politicised environment. Children in
19 out of 28 states are growing up in internal armed conflicts. This shows up in juvenile crimes,
which are rising three times faster than all crimes. Since 2001, juvenile crimes have gone up by
38.5 per cent, as compared to a 12.5 per cent rise in all crimes.

10. Schemewise Allocation in Protection Sector of BfC
Rs. crore
2006-07 2006-07 2007-08 2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10 2010-11Programmes &
Schemes BE RE BE RE BE RE BE RE BE
1. Other Schemes of
Child Protection (break
up is shown in table)
19 17.5 30.3 26 60.7 34.6 79.6
21.75 59.75
2. Prevention & Control
of Juvenile Social
Maladjustment
23 21.85 18.9 21.78 18 19.8 20
9
3. Improvement in
Working Conditions of
Child/ Women Labour
127.46 121.46 171.06 153.06 156.06 146.63 90
90 121.5
4. Swadhar 7 7 13.5 13.5 18 13.5 13.5 13.5 30
5. Short Stay Home** 15.9 15.72 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.9 15.75 23.25
6. Integrated Child
Protection Scheme
(ICPS)
85.5 38.5 180 54 54
44 270
Protection Sector, BfC
-- Total
192.36 183.53 304.86 267.64 448.66 284.43 273
194 504.5
Union Budget-Total 563991.13 581637.04 680520.51 709373.26 750883.53 900953.41 1020837.7 1021546.5 1108749.2
Budget for Protection
Sector as %age of total
Union Budget
0.034 0.032 0.045 0.038 0.059 0.031 0.02
0.02 0.04
Other Schemes on Protection
Rs. Crore
2007-08 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10 2010-11
RE BE RE BE RE BE
Integrated Scheme for Street children 9 9 11.25 9 4.5
Scheme for welfare of working children and
children in need of care and protection
6.3 6.30.00 7.65 6.3 9 11.25
Shishu Griha Scheme (erstwhile Homes for infant
and young children for promotion of in country
adoption)
2.7 2.7 2.52 2.7 1.8
Central Adoption Resource Agency* 2.4 3.8 3.16 3.8 1.79 3.3
Scheme for Rescue of Victims of Trafficking 4.5 9 5.4 4.5 4.5 9
Relief to & Rehabilitation of Rape Victims 1.1 36.2 4.66 53.3 0.16 36.2
Total – Other Schemes on Child Protection 26 60.7 34.6 79.6 21.75 59.75
Endnote
To echo the finance minister, The Union Budget cannot be a mere statement of Government
accounts. It has to reflect the Government's vision and signal the policies to come in future.
More importantly, the government concentrates on supporting and delivering services to the
disadvantaged sections of the society . Yet, this budget falls short of applying this principle to
children. How else do we explain the fact that the share of funds for children does not even match
up to the level three years ago?
The Budget for Children must be looked at within the framework of the overall economic
scenario. The budget measures will lead to an all-round price rise, adding to the inflation

11. ruling at over 7 per cent now. Worse, it has no concrete measure to counter the seriously
high food inflation, at 20 per cent, which has severe implications for the nutrition of small
children and new and would-be mothers. Children growing up hungry and malnourished
suffer from a deficit childhood that no amount of prosperity in later life can fill.
Even the future seems under a cloud. Out of every rupee spent in the budget, 29 paise is
coming from borrowing even as 19 paise is being spent on interest payment. Thus, even as
growth has shrunk, the fiscal deficit, or the total new borrowing of the government has
dipped only a little, from 6.8 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product in 2009-10 to 5.5 per
cent in 2010-11. This is very high debt, described by economists as “a generational burden”,
and this hangs heavy on India’s children who will keep paying the cumulative interest
burden and bear the price pressure.