pattadkal .pdf

PATTADAKAL
Location: BAGALKOT DISTRICT, KARNATAKA,INDIA
Photo courtesy: worldhistory

Contents
● Location and travel info of Pattadakal
● History of Pattadakal
● PLAN of temple complex
● Architectural styles of temples
1. The virupaksha temple
2. The papanaatha temple
3. The jambulinga temple
4. The kadasiddeshwara temple
5. The kashi vishwanatha temple
6. The sanhameshwara temple
7. The mallikarjuna temple
8. The someshwara temple
9. The galaganatha temple
10. The jain narayana temple

Location
India Map Karnataka map with pattadakal location
Photo courtesy: tapioca.co.in

Travel
Duration
Fom Vijayapur to PATTADAKAL .
Average Travel time (4 Wheeler) :2 hrs 45 min
Photo courtesy: googlemaps

Location
Temple complex aerial view
Temple complex and surrounding

History of
Pattadakal
01
Photo courtesy: cntitravelleri.in

History of Pattadakal
● Pattadakal ("place of coronation")
● As its name implies, it was used during the Chalukya dynasty for
coronation ceremonies,
● It is a complex of 7th and 8th century CE Hindu and Jain temples
in northern Karnataka (India).
● Located on the west bank of the Mallaprabha River in Bagalakote
district,
● IT Is 14 miles (23 km) from Badami and about 6 miles (9.7 km) from
Aihole
● The Hindu temples are generally dedicated to Lord shiva,
● They display various Vedic and Puranic concepts .Like
Mahabharata, Ramayana and Bhagvatgeeta
Photo courtesy: worldhistory.org

Rulers:
● Chalukyan- Ruled until 10th
century
● Later Rashrakutas
● Chalukyan-of kalyani 11th-12th
century
● Delhi sultanate-13th century
● Some of the other rulers are
Vijayanagara Empire, Adil Shahi
dynasty, Mughals and theTipu
Sultans

PLAN of Pattadakal
● There are Total of 10 Temples
● 9-Hindu Temples,
1-Jain temples.
● These temples are built in both northern
and southern “Indian styles”
● 8 Temples are located in same area
,only 1 temple is built little far away
● All the Hindu temples are dedicated to
Lord Shiva
● Vaishnavism and Shaktism theory are
also being featured
● The temples also showcase the stories
of Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavad
gita and Panchatantra.
Photo courtesy: voyage361.com

Styles of PattadakalTemples

‘ONE’
PapanaathaTemple
Photo courtesy: hindutemples-india.blogspot

Location on Site

PLAN of PapanaathaTemple
A sanctum (garbhagriha)
Photo courtesy: researchgate.com

circumambulatory path
(pradakshina patha)

(pradakshina patha)
Devakoshtha pavilions.

(pradakshina patha)
Ardha Mandapa.

(pradakshina patha)
Ardha Mandapa.
Sabha Mandapa.

(pradakshina patha)
Ardha Mandapa.
Sabha Mandapa.
Mukha mandapa.

PLAN, Elevation
Section of
PapanaathaTemple
Photo courtesy: ﬂickr.com

About
● A characteristic feature - its well
developed sikhara with an elaborately
carved chaitya–arch enshrining Nataraja
on the frontage of the sukanasa.
● The central bay ceiling of the
Sabha-mandapa is adorned with panels
depicting Ananta shayana surrounded
by the Dikpalas, Nagaraja and
Gajalakshmi from east to west.
● Central ceiling of the ardha-mandapa
has relief sculpture of dancing Siva in
the company of Parvati and musicians.
● Both the mandapas and the sanctum
have ornate doorframes.
Details at the
back of temple
Details at exterior
Ardha Mandapa.
Sabhamandapa.
Details at exterior
Photo courtesy: livehistoryindia

‘TWO’
Sangameshwara
Temple
Photo courtesy: worldhistory,org

Location on
Site

PLAN of Sangameshwara temple

About
● Regarded as one of the oldest temples
in India
● Dedicated to Lord Shiva.
● This temple is similar to Virupaksha
Temple in style but a smaller size.
● The temple has two entrances on north
and south.
● Ruined Nandi mandapa in front of the
temple
● The sanctum has a circular path for
pradakshinas.
● Inscriptions on the temple walls
● Has inner passage, a hall and a
sanctum.
“Grant of Land”
“Gajasamhar murti” of lord
Shiva -southern wall
Shiva dwarpal and Devi
ganga with her attendees
Photo courtesy: manishjaishree.com

Perforated windows
The pillars sabha mandapa
Deatils

‘THREE’
GalaganathaTemple

PLAN of GalaganathaTemple

About
● This temple lies to east of jambu lingeshwara and north of
virupaksha temple
● It has linga, a vestibule (antarala) ,sanctum (garbha griha)
and circumambulatory path (pradakshina path)
● Outside the temple a seated nandi that faces the sanctum
● The exterior sanctum walls are embellished niches or
devakostas
● Small statues of kubera and gajalakshmi are placed inside
● It was constructed on a raised plinth with 3 mouldings
● This temple resembles to the svarga brahma temple of
alampur in andhra pradesh
Svarga brahma temple
Photo courtesy: pixels.com

Door frame of
garbhagriha
Andhakasura vadha
carving
Triangular crest over
Andhakasura vadha
carving

‘FOUR’
JambulingaTemple

PLAN of JambulingaTemple

About
● This temple has a horseshoe-shaped projection in its
exteriors.
● Northern style temple
● Inside the temple complex is a small shrine constructed in
7th century.
● The walls of the sanctum have sculptures of Siva, Surya
and Vishnu.
● The temple is built on a high plinth having five moldings
with decorated miniature ganas and birds.
● The sukanasi of the temple has a carved image of Lord
Shiva with Parvathi.
● The doorway of the mandapa is adorned with three sakhas
(decorative door-bands)
● The walls are decorated with pilasters at the corners and
on either side of the windows and niches.
Front elevation Rear elevation
Details at the top
Photo courtesy: matriwords

‘FIVE’
KadasiddeshwarTemple
Photo courtesy: thrilltravel.com

PLAN of KadasiddeshwaraTemple

About
● It is a small 8th century structure built in Nagara style.
● The temple has the main hall along with three mukha
Mantapas, Antarala, navrang.
● It is a small temple with a sanctum and hall built on an
elevated platform.
● The outer wall of the sanctum has sculptures of
Ardhanareeswara, Shiva and Harihara.
● Entrance has dwarapalakas.
● Temple is dedicated to the Lord Shiva.
● Shiva is depicted as having four arms holding damaru,
trishul and the mala.
● Temple is facing west instead of facing the rising sun
in the east.
Front elevation Left elevation
Right elevation Details at opening
Photo courtesy: ﬂikr.com

‘SIX’
Kashi Vishwanatha
Temple

PLAN of Kashi VishwanathaTemple

About
● 8th century temple
● This is the last Hindu temple built in
Pattadakal monuments
● The temple has only sanctum and
antarala left and the remaining parts
are collapsed.
● The sanctum is supported by two
pillars and has a Shivalinga carved out
of black stone.
● The doorway of the sanctum has a
carving of Garuda holding snakes.
Side elevation
Rear Elevation
View
Photo courtesy: wikimapia.com

About
● Bottom of the doorway has female
sculptures
● The ceiling has a large figure of Shiva
& Parvathi with baby Skanda.
● The ceiling relief is supported by large
sculptures of animals.
● The dome of the sikhara is missing.
● The pillars have engravings depicting
the Hindu mythology.
Close up of one of the
windows
The Intricate design of
Kashi Vishwanath temple
of Pattadakal
Photo courtesy: thrilltravel.com

‘SEVEN’
VirupakshaTemple
Photo courtesy: trawell.in

PLAN of Pattadakal
Geometry Circulation
Photo courtesy: xaviers.arch

PLAN of Pattadakal
Image Showing
important spaces
● Entry-•
● Sanctuary-•
● Worship area-•
● Hallway-•

PLAN of Pattadakal
Symmetry Parti

Location on Site
Elevation
Photo courtesy: trahot.com

● •The temple is facing towards east.
● •In the plan there is a square
sanctum(garbhagriha),circumambulatory
path (pradakshina patha).
● •There is also an antarala with two small
shrines for ganesha and mahishamardini.
● •There is 2 types of
mandapa,sabha-mandapa with entrance
porches on the east,north and south and a
separate nandi-mandapa in front.
● •The nandi-mandapa is arranged towards
east and is square structure open all the four
sides.
●
●
Nandi
mandapa
Mukha
mandapa
Vimana
ABOUT
Photo courtesy: istadevata.com

ABOUT
•Inside of the temple the entire temple is adorned with
exquisite carving and stylish demonstrated figures like
ramayana and mahabharata.
•Carving and figures are seen on the
walls,columns,pillars, ,etc.
• There is high enclosed parakara walls.
•This was built in 740CE by Queen Lokamahadevi.
•This is largest and grandest of all 10 temples.
Lord Ganesha
shrine
INSIDE OF
MUKHAMANDAPA

INTERIOR of VirupakshaTemple

Covered Nandi Mandapam in front of
VirupakshaTemple
Photo courtesy: thrillinhtravel.in

The Western side of the VirupakshaTemple

Walls of the VirupakshaTemple

Close up of some of the carvings along the
walls of the temple

‘EIGHT’
Mallikarjuna temple

PLAN of MallikarjunaTemple
Photo courtesy: wikimedia.org

(pradakshina patha)

(pradakshina patha)
Mukha Mandapa

(pradakshina patha)
Antarala
Mukha Mandapa

(pradakshina patha)
Antarala Sabha Mandapa.
Mukha Mandapa

About
•This also built during virupaksha temple was built.
•Also there is similar design and layout but is somewhat smaller
and has a few important differences.
•This temple reflect as as south indian vimana style architecture.
•Garbha griha denoted as a (sanctum).
•Circumambulatory path is denoted as a (pradakshina path).
•In front of the sanctum is an antarala with 2 small shrines for
durga and ganesha on each side.
•Access to the sanctum is through a pillared sabha –mandapa
(community hall) with entrance porches.
•There is an enclosure wall called (prakara) and a gateway
(pratoli).

About
•The temple has a 3 mukha mandapa on 3 sides with a partially
collapsed stone .
•nandi mandapa is in front of the temple.
•The niches on temple walls are also gracefully decorated.
•The use of stone carvings is for storytelling (the carvings talk
with the people).
•There is wonderful carvings of gods and scenes from
ramayana,mahabharata and panchatantra.
•The ceiling of temple is also adorned with beautiful figures.
•The maha-mandapa has sculptures of elephants supporting the
ceiling.
Left elevation Rear elevation
South elevation
Photo courtesy: templesofkarnataka

‘TEN’
Jain narayana
Temple
Photo courtesy: tripinvites

Location on
Site

About
● The Jain temple is made following the Dravidian
architectural style
● It may have been built in the 9th century by King
Amoghavarsha I Or his son Krishna II.
● This temple has a square sanctum, a
circumambulatory path, an ardha mandapa , a
mandapa, and a porch.
● The mandapa is divided into seven bays at the north
and south walls, with narrow niches containing seated
Jinas.
● It has a carved square shikhara
● The entrance features carvings of a life-sized elephant
torso with riders
● The structure has 16 round large pillars
Photo courtesy: tripinvites

About
FRONT ELEVATION
Interior
Photo courtesy: youtube/solotraveller

About
Elephant with riders
Details on the
upapitha
Photo courtesy: youtube/solotraveller
Internal stairs

References
● https://www.solobackpacker.com/pattadakal-temples-karnataka/
● https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/239/
● https://www.cntraveller.in/story/pattadakal-karnataka-the-story-behind/
● https://www.karnatakatourism.org/tour-item/pattadakal/
● https://www.nativeplanet.com/pattadakal/attractions/virupaksha-temple/
● https://www.worldhistory.org/article/899/the-temples-of-pattadakal/
● https://www.trawell.in/karnataka/pattadakal/papanatha-temple
● https://www.ishtadevata.com/temple/jambulinga-temple-pattadakal-bagalkot/
● http://templesofkarnataka.com/navigation/details.php?id=240
● https://www.ishtadevata.com/temple/kadasiddeshwar-temple-pattadakal-bagalkot/
● https://www.nativeplanet.com/pattadakal/attractions/kashi-vishwanatha-temple/
● https://www.ishtadevata.com/temple/sangameshwara-temple-pattadakal-bagalkot/
● http://hindutemples-india.blogspot.com/2019/02/mallikarjuna-temple-pattadakal-karnat
aka.html
● https://manishjaishree.com/galaganatha-temple-pattadakal/
● https://www.worldhistory.org/image/11127/jain-narayana-temple/

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