Renewable Hydrogen Production

1. Copyright of Shell International
Prepared by
Yin Sun/Shell offshore wind electrical innovation lead
2021.02.26
Flexible Offshore Wind H2
Power Plant Module
February 2019 1

2. Copyright of Shell International
Agenda
◼ Idea of Flexible Offshore Wind H2 Power Plant Module
◼ Key Challenges to Address
◼ Offshore Wind H2 Power Plant Module electrical architecture
◼ Controllable electrolysis for H2 production.
◼ System optimization – Controllable Power Plant Module
◼ Discussions
October 2019 2

3. Copyright of Shell International
60 GW offshore wind (2050) versus peak load (2017) in NL
February 2019 3
Energy Transition:
• Increasing amount of intermittent generation source
• Electrification of industrial sector as well as residential end-use
• from controllable generation to controllable load
Source: Report “our energy, our future: how offshore wind will help Europe go
carbon-neutral”, Wind Europe, 2019 November
Source: https://www.tennet.eu/e-insights/energy-transition/annual-peak-load/, access date: 26th March, 2020.

4. Copyright of Shell International
Power System Frequency
PAGE 4 2-3-2021
G L
P P
f


G
P
G
P
L
P
L
P
9th August 2019, UK

5. Copyright of Shell International
5 Innovations and Collaborations
Electrical Architecture Of Offshore Wind-Hydrogen Plant Module
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Pipline
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
~200km
Existing Oil/Gas Platform
Substation
HVAC/
HVDC
~100km
Source: https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/renewable-energy/hydrogen-solutions.html, access date 2020-03-03
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
~200km
Pipline array
Pipline
H2 Station
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Pipline
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
~200km
New Electrolyzer Platform
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Pipline
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
~200km
Existing Oil/Gas Platform
Substation
HVAC/
HVDC
~100km

6. Copyright of Shell International
High voltage AC for near-shore application
February 2019 6
• Offshore H2 production platform is much more expensive than onshore one.
• Pipeline is a more efficient energy carrier compared to electrical subsea cable
• AC cable cost is the dominant factor for AC electrical export
Note: assuming 900 A per subsea cable circuit, equivalent to 350 MVA@220kV

7. Copyright of Shell International
High Voltage AC and DC for Far-shore Application
February 2019 7
• For far-shore application, offshore H2 production becomes feasible due to the fact that pipeline is much more cost-effective for long
distance energy transport compared to AC/DC electrical subsea cable
• HVDC Platform (topside and support structure) is the dominant cost factor.
• DRU offers great CAPEX reduction compared to MMC-HVDC

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Diode-Rectifier-Unit – Weight and Volume Reduction
February 2019 8
Source: PROMOTioN, Cost and Benefit Analysis
Diode Rectifier Unit Typical MMC- HVDC

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Techno-Economical Risk Management – DC versus AC
September 2019 9
Low CAPEX/OPEX
High CAPEX/OPEX
60 km 80 km 100 km
High TRL (Low Risk)
Medium TRL (Medium Risk)
Low TRL (High Risk)
DC Platform
Converter Station
150 km
AC Cable + Compensation
Distance to Shore
Cost

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AC/DC DC/AC
Nacelle
1.1 kV DC 0.69 kV AC 66 kV AC array cable
AC/DC DC/AC
Nacelle
220 kV AC
transmission line
substation
DC/AC
Electrolyzer
0.8 – 1.0 kV DC
Abandoned oil platform
220 kV AC
transmission line
AC/DC
Nacelle
AC/DC
Nacelle
MVDC
substation
DC/DC
Electrolyzer
0.8 – 1.0 kV DC
Abandoned oil platform
DC/AC
33 kV AC
AC collectors
DC collectors
Electrolyser – Controllability via VSCs
AC versus DC solution

11. Copyright of Shell International
0
1
PWT
PG
Flexibility Required by the Grid
0
1
PH2
t
Innovations and Collaborations
11
Energy Storage
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Pipline
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
Existing Oil/Gas Platform
Substation
HVAC/
HVDC
PWT
PH2
PG
PES
~400km
~90km
Flexible Multi-Energy Flow Control
PES
PWT = PG + PH2 + PES

12. Copyright of Shell International
Innovations and Collaborations
12
Energy Storage
• Different storage technologies
• Grid-forming control
Wind Farm
Energy Storage
Substation
Pipline
Transmission cable
DC
AC
Off Shore On Shore
Cable array
AC Bus
HVAC/
HVDC
~400km
Existing Oil/Gas Platform
Substation
HVAC/
HVDC
~90km
Fault
Self-sufficient Offshore Electrical Grid
Fault
Shunt down of HVDC station
Grid forming control of Energy Storage
Stable offshore grid

13. Copyright of Shell International
Summary
February 2019 13
• Offshore Wind H2 Power Plant Module – Systematically Optimized
Stable and Secure Energy Production for the Future
• Innovative Electrical Architecture for Cost-Effective Offshore Wind H2
Power Plant Module
• Controllable and Scalable H2 Electrolysis