Building the Internet of Water

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Graham Sustainability Institute at the University of Michigan

This document discusses building an "Internet of Water" through sensing water levels and flows, computing and communicating that data through various networks, and using the data to better understand evaporation and improve water balance forecasts. It focuses on creating a hierarchical network of sensors in the Great Lakes to measure evaporation, including low-cost drifters to expand measurements, and leveraging ship observation data and existing buoy networks. The goal is to address current limitations and biases in models through more comprehensive real-time water monitoring networks.

Environment

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Building the
Internet of Water
Kevin Fries, Brandon Wong, Branko Kerkez
Real-time Water Systems Lab
CEE, University of Michigan

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Computation and communication
IPv6
Cellular
MeshμCs
WiFi

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Lakes HouseholdsWatersheds

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Great Lakes Evaporation
Kevin Fries (PhD Student), John Lenters (LimonTech), Andrew Gronewold (NOAA)

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Great Lakes
Evaporation
Network
Great Lakes Evaporation Network (GLEN)

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Great Lakes
Evaporation
Network
Great Lakes Evaporation Network (GLEN)
More overlake evaporation
measurements are needed

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Energy Balance Buoy
Solve the energy balance in real-time
GLERL RECON Buoy Network

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Energy Balance Buoy
Solve the energy balance in real-time
GLERL RECON Buoy Network
Expensive

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Bowen Ratio drifter
Only measures variables related to Bowen Ratio
Simpler, cheaper, but requires calibration constant (k)

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
A Hierarchical architecture
for evaporation data

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
500,000 Ship Observations

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Source: GLERL CoastWatch

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
2006-2014: all observations
14
+

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Outlook
Exiting models are highly
biased to limited
stationary measurements
We can now work to
improve forecasts of the
water balance and
extreme events
Snow Brains 2014

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Source: NYTimes 2012

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Source: Healthy Water Ways 2013
The Urban Water Cycle

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Huron River Watershed
Area: 11 mi2,
Temperature: -10°C to 32°C
Precipitation: up to 750mm.

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Three Day event
August 11-13, 2014
Weather.com

tinyurl.com/bkerkez
Outlook
Many more
projects in the
works
UM Bio Station Mercury Cycling
WDS Data

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Building the Internet of Water

1. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Building the Internet of Water Kevin Fries, Brandon Wong, Branko Kerkez Real-time Water Systems Lab CEE, University of Michigan

2. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Sensing

3. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Computation and communication IPv6 Cellular MeshμCs WiFi

4. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Lakes HouseholdsWatersheds

5. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Great Lakes Evaporation Kevin Fries (PhD Student), John Lenters (LimonTech), Andrew Gronewold (NOAA)

6. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Great Lakes Evaporation Network Great Lakes Evaporation Network (GLEN)

7. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Great Lakes Evaporation Network Great Lakes Evaporation Network (GLEN) More overlake evaporation measurements are needed

8. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Energy Balance Buoy Solve the energy balance in real-time GLERL RECON Buoy Network

9. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Energy Balance Buoy Solve the energy balance in real-time GLERL RECON Buoy Network Expensive

10. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Bowen Ratio drifter Only measures variables related to Bowen Ratio Simpler, cheaper, but requires calibration constant (k)

11. tinyurl.com/bkerkez A Hierarchical architecture for evaporation data

12. tinyurl.com/bkerkez 500,000 Ship Observations

13. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Source: GLERL CoastWatch

14. tinyurl.com/bkerkez 2006-2014: all observations 14 +

15. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Outlook Exiting models are highly biased to limited stationary measurements We can now work to improve forecasts of the water balance and extreme events Snow Brains 2014

16. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Lakes HouseholdsWatersheds

17. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Source: NYTimes 2012

18. tinyurl.com/bkerkez

19. tinyurl.com/bkerkez NOAA

20. tinyurl.com/bkerkez

21. tinyurl.com/bkerkez

22. tinyurl.com/bkerkez

23. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Lakes HouseholdsWatersheds

24. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Source: Healthy Water Ways 2013 The Urban Water Cycle

25. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Huron River Watershed Area: 11 mi2, Temperature: -10°C to 32°C Precipitation: up to 750mm.

26. tinyurl.com/bkerkez Three Day event August 11-13, 2014 Weather.com

27. tinyurl.com/bkerkez