1. MENSTRUATION
GHINA SITI RAMADHANTY / XII-BAHASA

2. Menstruation is the periodic discharge of blood and mucosal tissue (the
endometrium) from the uterus and vagina. It starts at menarche at or before
sexual maturity (maturation), in females of certain mammalian species, and
ceases at or near menopause (commonly considered the end of a female's
reproductive life). The periodicity of menstruation gives rise to commonly
used euphemisms like "period" and "monthly".
Women typically stop menstruating if they conceive or if they are
breastfeeding. When menstruation stops for longer than about 90 days in the
absence of pregnancy or breastfeeding, a medical evaluation should occur, as
a number of health problems can result in absent menstruation. Menstruation
lasts from puberty until menopause among non-pregnant women.

4. The first experience of a menstrual period occurs after the onset of
pubertal growth, and is called
The average age of
menarche is around 12–13 (occurring earlier in African American
than Caucasian girls), but menarche can typically occur between
ages 9 and 15. Premature or delayed menarche should be
investigated; many older sources state that this should be done if
menarche begins before 10 yrs or is delayed after 16 years, while
newer, more evidence-based sources state that it should be done if
menarche begins before 9 yrs, if menarche has not begun by age
15, if there is no breast development by age 13, or if there is no
period by 3 years after the onset of breast
development.Perimenopause is when fertility in a female
declines, and menstruation may occur less regularly in the years
leading up to the final menstrual period, when a female stops
menstruating completely and is no longer fertile. The medical
definition of menopause is one year without a period, and typically
occurs between the late 40s and early 50s in Western countries.
menarche.

5. Regular menstruation (also
called eumenorrhea) lasts
for a few days, usually 3 to
5 days, but anywhere from
2 to 7 days is considered
normal. The average
menstrual cycle is 28 days
long from the first day of
one menstrual period to
the first day of the next. A
normal menstrual cycle in
adult women is between 21
and 35 days. In adolescents,
there is wider variation,
and cycles are normally
between 21 and 45 days.
Menstrual symptoms
occurring in the time prior
to menstruation, such as
breast pain, swelling,
bloating, acne are termed
premenstrual molimina .

6. The average volume of menstrual fluid during a monthly menstrual period
is 35 milliliters (2.4 tablespoons of menstrual fluid) with 10–80 milliliters
(1–6 tablespoons of menstrual fluid) considered typical. Menstrual fluid is
the correct name for the menstrual flow, although many people prefer to
refer to it as menstrual blood. Menstrual fluid in fact contains some blood,
as well as cervical mucus, vaginal secretions, and endometrial tissue.
Menstrual fluid is reddish-brown, a slightly darker color than venous
blood.