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Dewatering methods
1.
خاک بهسازی )Soil Improvement) آبکشی )Dewatering
Methods) کننده تهیه قمری قادر-پوریا مسکن استاد قاسمی علی دکتر 1396/02/14
2.
Page 2 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods آبکشی تعریف(Dewatering): آبکشی(آباندازی–خشکهاندازی)عبارتازمجموعه اقداماتیاستکهدریکمحدودهانجاممیگیردتاسطح آبدرآنجادرترازموردنظرقرارمیگیردتا عملیاتاجراییویابهرهبرداریازمحدودهبه آسانیامکانپذیرشود. دائم یا موقت بصورت اهداف: .1حفاری محل کف نگهداشتن خشک .2آب نشت از جلوگیریمحدوده به زیرزمینی های .3ماسه جوشش از پیشگیری برای(sand boiling) .4گود کف آمدن باال از ممانعت .5زمینی زیر های سازه شناوری از ممانعت
3.
Page 3 Dewatering Methods: 1.
Open Sumps And Ditches 2. Well Point System 3. Deep Well System 4. Freezing Process 5. Electro-Osmosis Method 6. Ejector(Eductor) system Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
4.
Page 4 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods
5.
Page 5 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods آبکشی طرح تهیه مراحل: .1به توجه با آبکشی روش انتخاب خاک مشخصات و سایت شرایط .2هیدرولیکی پارامترهای تعیین( های لوله قطر و طول ،آبکشی ارتفاع آب انتقال) .3چاه تعداد تخمین .4آب سطح افت ارتفاع محاسبه زیرزمینی
6.
Page 6 1- Open
Sump and Ditches Ground improvement Dewatering Methods مزایا: .1کسترده استفاده .2اقتصادی بسیار روش و احداث جهت از نگهداری .3برای استفاده قابل سنگ و خاک انواع .4برای مناسب بسیار با که هایی محدوده بزرگ های سنگ کنند می برخورد معایب: .1دیواره ریزش احتمال گود(سامپ)آبکشی زمان در .2روباز های خاکبرداری در در سامپ ناپایداری خطر دارد وجود پمپاژ حین
7.
Page 7 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods مزایا: .1خاک تثبیت در موثر .2اتوماتیک تمام .3باال کارآیی .4صوتی آلودگی بدون .5باال پایداری با سیستم .6آسان استفاده .7قابل و سرخود پمپ جابجایی .8با شرایط برای عالی زیاد آب جریان .9کمتر نگهداری و تعمیر 2- Well Point System
8.
Page 8Multi -
Stage Well Point System Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
9.
Page 9 3- Deep
Well System Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
10.
Page 10 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods 4- Freezing Process
11.
Page 11 5- Electro-Osmosis
Process Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
12.
Ground improvement Dewatering
Methods Page 12 6- Ejector (Eductor) system دافع سیستم عمل نحوه: .1چاه به باال فشار با آب پمپاژ و زمین سطح در پمپ استقرار دافع(eductor well) .2داخل ونتوری و نازل طریق از و رفته پایین دافع چاه از آب جریان می تخلیه را زمینی زیر آب چاه داخل در خالء ایجاد باکند .3ریز سر با و آمده زمین سطح به برگشتی آب همراه به شده تخلیه آب می هدایت تخیه محل به ها پمپ آب حوضچه ازشود .4تا تواند می پمپاژ ایستگاه یک75کند تغذیه را دافع چاه حلقه.
13.
Page 13 دافع چاه
سیستم مزایای: .1ای محدوده و تراز هر برای استفاده قابل .2اطمینان قابل عملیات .3خاک به زدن آسیب بدون اندازی خشکه توانایی .4اعماق برای موثر همچنین عمق محدودیت بدون بیشتر .5ریزشی چاههای برای مناسب .6انرژی تمرکز .7ونتوری لوله از استفاده با خالء ایجاد Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
14.
Page 14 Ground improvement
Dewatering Methods زمین نشست و آبکشی: آبکشیباعثکاهشفشارحفره ایوافزایشتنشموثرخاک خواهد،شددرخاکهایدانهای نشستهابصورتآنی(االستیک)و درخاکهایرسینشستهاعالوه برآنیبصورت تدریجی(تحکیمی)نیزاتفاق می،افتدنشستآنیدررس قابلچشمپوشیبودهولی مقدارنشستتحکیمیازرابطه نشستیکبعدیترزاقیبصورت زیرقابلمحاسبهاست:
15.
Page 15 آبکشی در
احتیاطی موارد: .1عملیاتآبکشیبایددرخاکمحدودهفرسایشایجادنکند .2درانتخابمحلتخلیهآبدقتالزمبعملآیدتاازخطرات احتمالیجلوگیریشود .3آبنبایدمستقیمارویشیبهاپمپاژشود .4درصورتمشاهدههرنوععالمتناپایداریویافرسایشدر محدودهتارفعآنعملیاتپمپاژبایدمتوقفشود .5کانالهایهدایتآببایستیپایداربودهوبهتراستپوشیده ازگیاهباشد .6درهنگامبارندگیشدیدازآبکشیخودداریشودزیرابدلیل غلظتباالیآبسرعتآبکشیپایینآمدهوروندآبکشیرا مختلمیکند .7هرگزآبهایآلودهبهموادنفتیوشیمیاییرامستقیما خارجنسازیدبلکهبایدقبلازآبکشیموادفوقبایدازآب جداشدهباشند .8ممکناستمجوزهاوقوانینخاصیدرمحلعملیاتحاکمباشد کهالزماستآبکشیبعدازاخذمجوزهایالزمورعایت آییننامههایمربوطهانجامشود Ground improvement Dewatering Methods
16.
http://www.griffindewatering.com/dewatering/ eductor_system.html#.VBiGKvmSxqU Ground improvement Dewatering
Methods REFERENCES DEWATERING AND GROUNDWATER CONTROL(HQ.DEPARTMENTS OF ARMY, AIR FORCE, NAVY WASHINGTON) Construction Dewatering and Ground Freezing (University of Washington)
17.
Ground improvement Dewatering
Methods
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