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“Whocontrols the past controls the future and who controls the presentcontrols the past”.
“WARIS PEACE FREEDOM IS SLAVERY IGNORANCEIS STRENGTH”
In 1924 George Orwell composedandpublishedapiece of literature called1984. It’sa story abouta
dystopiansocietybeheldbya totalitariangovernmentfueledbygreedandpowerwhichfunctionsto
control informationandthe citizensof itsocietybyfascistdictatorships,technological manipulationsof
surveillance andpropagandathroughmedia.The antiauthoritarianelementsof the novel andthe topics
withinitare verymuch relevanttothe manycontroversiesof today’ssocial andcivicdebates,therefor
makingitrelevantfora social studiesunitlessonplan.Itwill mostdefinablymotivateadolescentsto
readand engage withthe textbecause itappealstomanymoderncontroversiessurroundingthe livesof
today’sadolescentreaders,suchasinternetcensorship,governmental spyingoncitizens,corporate
control of media,cyberprivacy,constantsurveillancesanddigital trackingdevices,the Patriotact,the
national defense authorizationact,andmany otherpertinentaspectsof today’ssocial environment.
Utilizingamixedmethodologyof cooperativelearningandjigsaw parametersbasedonaninstructional
designmodel thatsymbioticallyimplementsconstructivistandcognitivebehavioral elementsstudents
will interactprosocial todeviseunderstandingwithinnarrativesasitappliestothe currentsociocultural
and political landscape.
The powers of our government,the manyleaders of the nation andthe statestherein,andoursocalled
democratically electedrepresentatives, mostof which have slowly becomecontrolledandmanipulated
and placedinpositionsof power byasmall orderof wealthyindividualsandwhose agendastrives for
global dominance needssoon tobe stoppedorwill accomplishtheirnew worldorderobjectives..This
has become anapparentthreatto our sovereigncitizenscivil liberties andtheirconstitutional rights,
that whichour nationsforefathersgainedby directmeansof revolution andcivil wars,whereinmany
foughtand killedanddied, makingsacrifices inordertogaintheirrightsand independence fromthe
tyrannyof thesesmonarch dictatorships.Thisexemplifies inasimilarfashion tothe currentcorporate
dictatorshipwhich hasbeen extensively gainingpoweroverourgovernmentpolicies,aswell asthe
nationsof the worldsince the terror attacks on the worldtrade center.Wall Streetbankstersand
corporate takeoversof Americahave now crashedoureconomicmarketsandcreatedby design anew
fearin our national ideological system of fearwhichhasresultedinthe lossof manyof our
constitutional rightsandcivil freedoms.Asaresultof our currentcorporate fascistdictatorship,our
libertiesandcivil rights are beingslowly erasedfromourconstitution, andhasbeen recently being
rewrittentoserve the global agendasof asecret worldorder. Thistakeoverisa directbyproductof our
overwhelminglarge apatheticpopulation,whohave beenbeingmanipulatedandcontrolled fordecades
by a boughtand soldforpuppet governmentwhomanufacturespublicconsent bysystematic
indoctrinationsandsocial eugenicengineering tactics.
The epidemiologyof thisconsistentideological governing,and the blatantunquestioningherdsof sheep
like mentalities thathave beenfashioned asan effectof suchmanipulated intentshave beenshepherd
by thissuppuration,andnowasa consequence the secretinfluencesof the corporate aristocracy have
gainedcontrol of our democracyand liberties. Thishasafforded the secreteliteleverage withintheir
unjustpractices,non-governmentallyregulatedprivate actsof national treason,suchas,the
resurrectingof global privatelymanipulatedmonetary systems, andthiseconomichegemony, which
have unchecked norbalancedpowersinthe country,andnow have begunto shape the current
educational system,includingparochialchurchschools andmanyotherswitha modernuse of
ideological managementandcultural imperialism.
A multitude of educational theorieshave beenmanifestedtocombatthisissue,butthe problems
continual topersistandthushighlightthe significantneedforcritical literacyskills.Central toall of the
problemsassociatedwithcombatingthismanipulationof ourcurrentcurriculumare the specific
elementsof influence,bothpoliticallygeneratedandsocioeconomicallystabilizedfromastate and
federal perspectivethat holdsoursocietyfromsuccessfullylearningona cognitive comprehensionlevel
of itsfullestpotentialities.Educatorswillneedtoinvestcritical thinkingskillsandcritical literacytactics
intheirstudentsasa meansof dealingwiththe global changesandcrisis’sof thispresentinfiltration
withintheirpublicschool curriculumobjectives. Ouronce greatdemocracyhasbeentakenoverbya
Corporate Kleptocraticfascistdictatorshipwhoimplementedcore contentstandardsandtiltingpolices
withan intentdesignedforfailureinourschool systemandwhichpresentstheirpropagandaof control
bothin the mediaandpubliceducational text.
We needtocomprehend,analyzeandthensynthesisall informationpresented insuchaforementioned
text, as well we mustcreate furtherideaswithin itscontextandallow studentsareconceptualismof the
underlyingmeaninganditsultimate utility.Thismightbe accomplishedbyutilizing postmodernformsof
reasoningandcritical analysesall of which mustbe free of biasor ethnocentric andnational patriotic
affiliations andholdtrue to no known arbitrary systemsof symbolism. Critical literacydevelopedpost
Frenchenlightenment(17th-18) centuryandwas influencedbythe worksof manygreatthinkerssuchas
Karl Marx and FredricEngels(1848) and more recentlychampionedbyPabloFreire (1972) and John
TaylorGatto (1992) as an essentialaspectneededbystudentstonavigate the complexitiesof our
modernworld.Critical literacycanmodestlybe defiedasthe abilitytoactivelyandanalytical
comprehendtextin multiple mannersof interpretationsthatpromotesdeepercognitive understanding
of sociallyconstructedconceptsandclaimswithinacontextof time;suchas hegemonicNapoleonic
power,intentlydesignedsystemsof Prussian socialandeconomicclassinequality,andideological
manufacturing’sof consent.Critical literacythusemboldensstudentstocomprehendandquestionthe
variousattitudes,oppositionsof values,andthe myriadformsof voicesbothheardandunheardwithi n
the writtenandspokenwordsof the world.
We will utilize and incorporate
• Marxist literary deconstructionism,reductionismandconstructivism
• Anthropo-cognitive semioticanalysis
• Re-constructionistofthought conveyedwithin empirical expository
• Critical postmoderncognitive comprehensions andnovel pedagogy
• Abilitytoformulate higherorderquestionsandanswersasitrelatestoour worldasa meansto
manifestadeepercognitiveunderstandinginregardstothe significance of environmental contextand
howit can influence publicactionandbeliefs isof need.We will becomecritical thinkersand
deconstructthe claimsmade withinaspecificcontextlookingforverificationof the content.We tendto
engage all social mediasitesandrealms of ourcurrentsocieties to, “Formulate appropriate research
questions.Conductresearchbygathering,organizing,andevaluatingthe credibilityandbiasof
informationfromavarietyof online,print,andnon-printsourcesandwill thus use creditablypowerful
and empirical researchsourcestodefendourpostmodernrationalityof claims. We will strive to
understandthe underlyingstrengthof usingthesesourcesfromvarioustime framesandfromdifferent
pointsof viewsasa meansof deliveringastrong groundedpolitical debatebothopenlywithinall public
sectorsof the worldas well asmasssocial mediasites.Anonymouslyaswell asopenlywe will,“Develop
claimsand counterclaimsfairly,supplyingdataandevidence foreachwhilepointingoutthe strengths
and limitationsof bothclaimsandcounterclaimsinadiscipline-appropriateformandina mannerthat
anticipatesthe audience’sknowledgelevel andconcerns”,we willthenfightwithindirectanddirect
actionsto achieve equalityandunderstandinginthisbrave new world.
We live inaglobal societywhere everyoneisonequal levelplayingfieldssharinginformationand
solutionstoproduce certainoutcomesforproductive ends.Gatto,(1992) states,“The primarygoal of
real educationisnotto deliverfactsbutto guide studentstothe truthsthat will allow themtotake
responsibilityfortheirlives”,(pg.104).Manyyouthfeel alienatedfromschool andfindlittle
identificationandmeaninginthe educationalprocess,thusas teachersthere are manythingswe will
needtoincorporate inour classrooms to reduce these negative outcomesandtodeal withthe
ubiquitousassimilationsof the hegemonicnature of discourse ineducation..Ithinkafullyimmersed
inductionprocessthatiscomprehended asa holisticfunctionneedstobe incorporatedinmodern
school course workas a meansof fullyengagingourstudentswithcritical literacyabilitiesandasa
meansof eliminatingsocial alienation. We mustintergrade andprovide apedagogythatis culturally
and sociallyrelevantandresponsive,ethnical pluralisticandsymbolicallyrelatable toourstudents.We
mustprovide lessonplansthatare multicultural richandactivitiesthatallow forstudentinputand
innovation.Anallowance of studentopinionandinputbasedoncritical literacyanalysisaffordsthema
voice forchange and alsoallowsforinteractionsbetweenpeersandteachersasa holisticcommunityof
learners. Bysymbioticallyfusingexpositional,narrative andyoungadultliterature basedonrelevancyof
studentsinterestandage appropriate readability we canfinda balance foreducatingourstudentsboth
incore contentand cognitive academiclinguisticproficienciesforhigherorderthinking.Aseducatorswe
mustembrace a modernnovel technological anddiversifieddemographicof studentsandincorporate
curriculumstowhichtheyrelate andcan engage with.
We needexperimental pedagogiesintandemwiththe incorporationof critical literarystrategies,
curriculummodificationtacticsandinventive instructional mechanicstoengage ourstudents,meetcore
contentstandardsand to increase studentspecificliterarycapabilities.“SomethingIwantedto
intercede withinmylessonswascritical literacy,whichisacomplex componenttounderstandingthe
vast wordsof the worldandneedtobe taughtto studentssothat theycan thinkcriticallyaboutthe
waysthe worldworksand acquire a deepercognitiveunderstandingof othersandthemselvesthrough
reading. Teachersshouldembrace adispositionthatallowsforstudentstobecome independent
thinkerswhoare able to deductivelyrationalize andmake independentdecisionsandinterpretations
basedon empirical substanceandnoton preexistingcognitivetemplatesof ideologicalemotionor
presupposedethnocentricaffiliations”,(Guastella).Basedonthe above mentionedpremisesI
incorporatedavarietyof instructional strategiestoinvoke thisobjective whichconsistedof,butwasnot
entirelylimitedto;directinstruction,cooperative learning,discoverylearning,jigsaw,andhigherlevel
questioning.
The intellectual,social,and/orphysical developmentof mystudentswouldbe basedonarubric of linier
analysisandcontingentuponthe datagatheredfrombothinformal assessmentsduringactivitiesanda
summative assessmentbroughtforthbythe empirical findingsfromanassortmentof testing,quizzes,
questionanswerresponsesandpaperassignments.Thiswouldallowme achance to observe and
analyze studentmasteryof standardsandliteracyabilities,thusIwouldmodify,scaffoldandor
differentiatemylessonstrategiesgoingforwardtomeetstudentspecificneedsandimplementproper
formationsnecessarytoaffordmystudentsthe chance tomeetrequirementsandexceedbeyondmere
standards.Adolescentliterature basedpedagogycanbe utilizedwithinsecondarycore contentclasses
to affordstudentsachance to obtainthe literaryskillsneededtoadvance throughpubliceducationand
to navigate the complex social watersof college andreal worldendeavors.Asteacherswe needto
model animprecationforlearningboththroughdispositional demeanor,languageandpedagogical
implementations.Bysymbioticallyfusingexpositional,narrative andyoungadultliterature we canfind
the balance for educatingourstudentsbothincore contentand cognitive academiclinguistic
proficienciesforhigherorderthinking.Opencommunicativeinterrogationsanddeconstructionof
textual evidence bymeansof dialoguebetweenstudentsandteacherscanlead to critical analytical
interpretations.
Outline,comprehend,write andevaluatethe argumentandthe specificspectrumof claimswithina
textual context,includingthe rationalityof the reasoningaswell asthe logical relevance andsufficiency
of the evidence providedbythe authors.“Analyze how twoormore textsaddresssimilarthemesor
topicsinorder to buildknowledgeortocompare the approachesthe specificchosenauthorstake”,
EnglishLanguage Arts RI.9.8-10.1 NCTE/IRA NATIONALSTANDARDSFORTHE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS.
“Students reada wide range of printand non-printtextstobuildanunderstandingof texts,of
themselves,andof the culturesof the UnitedStatesandthe world;to acquire new information;to
respondtothe needsanddemandsof societyandthe workplace;andforpersonal fulfillment.Among
these textsare fictionandnonfiction,classicandcontemporaryworks”,(CCSS).Integrate information
presentedindifferentmediaorformats(e.g.,visually,quantitatively) aswell asinwordsto developa
coherentunderstandingof atopicor issue.NV.CC.W.6.Supportclaim(s) withclearreasonsandrelevant
evidence,usingcredible sourcesanddemonstratinganunderstandingof the topicor text. W.6.1(c) Use
words,phrases,andclausestoclarifythe relationshipsamongclaim(s) andreasons.
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current education system in america

  • 1. “Whocontrols the past controls the future and who controls the presentcontrols the past”. “WARIS PEACE FREEDOM IS SLAVERY IGNORANCEIS STRENGTH” In 1924 George Orwell composedandpublishedapiece of literature called1984. It’sa story abouta dystopiansocietybeheldbya totalitariangovernmentfueledbygreedandpowerwhichfunctionsto control informationandthe citizensof itsocietybyfascistdictatorships,technological manipulationsof surveillance andpropagandathroughmedia.The antiauthoritarianelementsof the novel andthe topics withinitare verymuch relevanttothe manycontroversiesof today’ssocial andcivicdebates,therefor makingitrelevantfora social studiesunitlessonplan.Itwill mostdefinablymotivateadolescentsto readand engage withthe textbecause itappealstomanymoderncontroversiessurroundingthe livesof today’sadolescentreaders,suchasinternetcensorship,governmental spyingoncitizens,corporate control of media,cyberprivacy,constantsurveillancesanddigital trackingdevices,the Patriotact,the national defense authorizationact,andmany otherpertinentaspectsof today’ssocial environment. Utilizingamixedmethodologyof cooperativelearningandjigsaw parametersbasedonaninstructional designmodel thatsymbioticallyimplementsconstructivistandcognitivebehavioral elementsstudents will interactprosocial todeviseunderstandingwithinnarrativesasitappliestothe currentsociocultural and political landscape. The powers of our government,the manyleaders of the nation andthe statestherein,andoursocalled democratically electedrepresentatives, mostof which have slowly becomecontrolledandmanipulated and placedinpositionsof power byasmall orderof wealthyindividualsandwhose agendastrives for global dominance needssoon tobe stoppedorwill accomplishtheirnew worldorderobjectives..This has become anapparentthreatto our sovereigncitizenscivil liberties andtheirconstitutional rights, that whichour nationsforefathersgainedby directmeansof revolution andcivil wars,whereinmany foughtand killedanddied, makingsacrifices inordertogaintheirrightsand independence fromthe tyrannyof thesesmonarch dictatorships.Thisexemplifies inasimilarfashion tothe currentcorporate dictatorshipwhich hasbeen extensively gainingpoweroverourgovernmentpolicies,aswell asthe nationsof the worldsince the terror attacks on the worldtrade center.Wall Streetbankstersand corporate takeoversof Americahave now crashedoureconomicmarketsandcreatedby design anew fearin our national ideological system of fearwhichhasresultedinthe lossof manyof our constitutional rightsandcivil freedoms.Asaresultof our currentcorporate fascistdictatorship,our libertiesandcivil rights are beingslowly erasedfromourconstitution, andhasbeen recently being rewrittentoserve the global agendasof asecret worldorder. Thistakeoverisa directbyproductof our overwhelminglarge apatheticpopulation,whohave beenbeingmanipulatedandcontrolled fordecades by a boughtand soldforpuppet governmentwhomanufacturespublicconsent bysystematic indoctrinationsandsocial eugenicengineering tactics. The epidemiologyof thisconsistentideological governing,and the blatantunquestioningherdsof sheep like mentalities thathave beenfashioned asan effectof suchmanipulated intentshave beenshepherd by thissuppuration,andnowasa consequence the secretinfluencesof the corporate aristocracy have gainedcontrol of our democracyand liberties. Thishasafforded the secreteliteleverage withintheir unjustpractices,non-governmentallyregulatedprivate actsof national treason,suchas,the resurrectingof global privatelymanipulatedmonetary systems, andthiseconomichegemony, which have unchecked norbalancedpowersinthe country,andnow have begunto shape the current
  • 2. educational system,includingparochialchurchschools andmanyotherswitha modernuse of ideological managementandcultural imperialism. A multitude of educational theorieshave beenmanifestedtocombatthisissue,butthe problems continual topersistandthushighlightthe significantneedforcritical literacyskills.Central toall of the problemsassociatedwithcombatingthismanipulationof ourcurrentcurriculumare the specific elementsof influence,bothpoliticallygeneratedandsocioeconomicallystabilizedfromastate and federal perspectivethat holdsoursocietyfromsuccessfullylearningona cognitive comprehensionlevel of itsfullestpotentialities.Educatorswillneedtoinvestcritical thinkingskillsandcritical literacytactics intheirstudentsasa meansof dealingwiththe global changesandcrisis’sof thispresentinfiltration withintheirpublicschool curriculumobjectives. Ouronce greatdemocracyhasbeentakenoverbya Corporate Kleptocraticfascistdictatorshipwhoimplementedcore contentstandardsandtiltingpolices withan intentdesignedforfailureinourschool systemandwhichpresentstheirpropagandaof control bothin the mediaandpubliceducational text. We needtocomprehend,analyzeandthensynthesisall informationpresented insuchaforementioned text, as well we mustcreate furtherideaswithin itscontextandallow studentsareconceptualismof the underlyingmeaninganditsultimate utility.Thismightbe accomplishedbyutilizing postmodernformsof reasoningandcritical analysesall of which mustbe free of biasor ethnocentric andnational patriotic affiliations andholdtrue to no known arbitrary systemsof symbolism. Critical literacydevelopedpost Frenchenlightenment(17th-18) centuryandwas influencedbythe worksof manygreatthinkerssuchas Karl Marx and FredricEngels(1848) and more recentlychampionedbyPabloFreire (1972) and John TaylorGatto (1992) as an essentialaspectneededbystudentstonavigate the complexitiesof our modernworld.Critical literacycanmodestlybe defiedasthe abilitytoactivelyandanalytical comprehendtextin multiple mannersof interpretationsthatpromotesdeepercognitive understanding of sociallyconstructedconceptsandclaimswithinacontextof time;suchas hegemonicNapoleonic power,intentlydesignedsystemsof Prussian socialandeconomicclassinequality,andideological manufacturing’sof consent.Critical literacythusemboldensstudentstocomprehendandquestionthe variousattitudes,oppositionsof values,andthe myriadformsof voicesbothheardandunheardwithi n the writtenandspokenwordsof the world. We will utilize and incorporate • Marxist literary deconstructionism,reductionismandconstructivism • Anthropo-cognitive semioticanalysis • Re-constructionistofthought conveyedwithin empirical expository • Critical postmoderncognitive comprehensions andnovel pedagogy • Abilitytoformulate higherorderquestionsandanswersasitrelatestoour worldasa meansto manifestadeepercognitiveunderstandinginregardstothe significance of environmental contextand howit can influence publicactionandbeliefs isof need.We will becomecritical thinkersand deconstructthe claimsmade withinaspecificcontextlookingforverificationof the content.We tendto engage all social mediasitesandrealms of ourcurrentsocieties to, “Formulate appropriate research questions.Conductresearchbygathering,organizing,andevaluatingthe credibilityandbiasof informationfromavarietyof online,print,andnon-printsourcesandwill thus use creditablypowerful
  • 3. and empirical researchsourcestodefendourpostmodernrationalityof claims. We will strive to understandthe underlyingstrengthof usingthesesourcesfromvarioustime framesandfromdifferent pointsof viewsasa meansof deliveringastrong groundedpolitical debatebothopenlywithinall public sectorsof the worldas well asmasssocial mediasites.Anonymouslyaswell asopenlywe will,“Develop claimsand counterclaimsfairly,supplyingdataandevidence foreachwhilepointingoutthe strengths and limitationsof bothclaimsandcounterclaimsinadiscipline-appropriateformandina mannerthat anticipatesthe audience’sknowledgelevel andconcerns”,we willthenfightwithindirectanddirect actionsto achieve equalityandunderstandinginthisbrave new world. We live inaglobal societywhere everyoneisonequal levelplayingfieldssharinginformationand solutionstoproduce certainoutcomesforproductive ends.Gatto,(1992) states,“The primarygoal of real educationisnotto deliverfactsbutto guide studentstothe truthsthat will allow themtotake responsibilityfortheirlives”,(pg.104).Manyyouthfeel alienatedfromschool andfindlittle identificationandmeaninginthe educationalprocess,thusas teachersthere are manythingswe will needtoincorporate inour classrooms to reduce these negative outcomesandtodeal withthe ubiquitousassimilationsof the hegemonicnature of discourse ineducation..Ithinkafullyimmersed inductionprocessthatiscomprehended asa holisticfunctionneedstobe incorporatedinmodern school course workas a meansof fullyengagingourstudentswithcritical literacyabilitiesandasa meansof eliminatingsocial alienation. We mustintergrade andprovide apedagogythatis culturally and sociallyrelevantandresponsive,ethnical pluralisticandsymbolicallyrelatable toourstudents.We mustprovide lessonplansthatare multicultural richandactivitiesthatallow forstudentinputand innovation.Anallowance of studentopinionandinputbasedoncritical literacyanalysisaffordsthema voice forchange and alsoallowsforinteractionsbetweenpeersandteachersasa holisticcommunityof learners. Bysymbioticallyfusingexpositional,narrative andyoungadultliterature basedonrelevancyof studentsinterestandage appropriate readability we canfinda balance foreducatingourstudentsboth incore contentand cognitive academiclinguisticproficienciesforhigherorderthinking.Aseducatorswe mustembrace a modernnovel technological anddiversifieddemographicof studentsandincorporate curriculumstowhichtheyrelate andcan engage with. We needexperimental pedagogiesintandemwiththe incorporationof critical literarystrategies, curriculummodificationtacticsandinventive instructional mechanicstoengage ourstudents,meetcore contentstandardsand to increase studentspecificliterarycapabilities.“SomethingIwantedto intercede withinmylessonswascritical literacy,whichisacomplex componenttounderstandingthe vast wordsof the worldandneedtobe taughtto studentssothat theycan thinkcriticallyaboutthe waysthe worldworksand acquire a deepercognitiveunderstandingof othersandthemselvesthrough reading. Teachersshouldembrace adispositionthatallowsforstudentstobecome independent thinkerswhoare able to deductivelyrationalize andmake independentdecisionsandinterpretations basedon empirical substanceandnoton preexistingcognitivetemplatesof ideologicalemotionor presupposedethnocentricaffiliations”,(Guastella).Basedonthe above mentionedpremisesI incorporatedavarietyof instructional strategiestoinvoke thisobjective whichconsistedof,butwasnot entirelylimitedto;directinstruction,cooperative learning,discoverylearning,jigsaw,andhigherlevel questioning. The intellectual,social,and/orphysical developmentof mystudentswouldbe basedonarubric of linier analysisandcontingentuponthe datagatheredfrombothinformal assessmentsduringactivitiesanda summative assessmentbroughtforthbythe empirical findingsfromanassortmentof testing,quizzes,
  • 4. questionanswerresponsesandpaperassignments.Thiswouldallowme achance to observe and analyze studentmasteryof standardsandliteracyabilities,thusIwouldmodify,scaffoldandor differentiatemylessonstrategiesgoingforwardtomeetstudentspecificneedsandimplementproper formationsnecessarytoaffordmystudentsthe chance tomeetrequirementsandexceedbeyondmere standards.Adolescentliterature basedpedagogycanbe utilizedwithinsecondarycore contentclasses to affordstudentsachance to obtainthe literaryskillsneededtoadvance throughpubliceducationand to navigate the complex social watersof college andreal worldendeavors.Asteacherswe needto model animprecationforlearningboththroughdispositional demeanor,languageandpedagogical implementations.Bysymbioticallyfusingexpositional,narrative andyoungadultliterature we canfind the balance for educatingourstudentsbothincore contentand cognitive academiclinguistic proficienciesforhigherorderthinking.Opencommunicativeinterrogationsanddeconstructionof textual evidence bymeansof dialoguebetweenstudentsandteacherscanlead to critical analytical interpretations. Outline,comprehend,write andevaluatethe argumentandthe specificspectrumof claimswithina textual context,includingthe rationalityof the reasoningaswell asthe logical relevance andsufficiency of the evidence providedbythe authors.“Analyze how twoormore textsaddresssimilarthemesor topicsinorder to buildknowledgeortocompare the approachesthe specificchosenauthorstake”, EnglishLanguage Arts RI.9.8-10.1 NCTE/IRA NATIONALSTANDARDSFORTHE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS. “Students reada wide range of printand non-printtextstobuildanunderstandingof texts,of themselves,andof the culturesof the UnitedStatesandthe world;to acquire new information;to respondtothe needsanddemandsof societyandthe workplace;andforpersonal fulfillment.Among these textsare fictionandnonfiction,classicandcontemporaryworks”,(CCSS).Integrate information presentedindifferentmediaorformats(e.g.,visually,quantitatively) aswell asinwordsto developa coherentunderstandingof atopicor issue.NV.CC.W.6.Supportclaim(s) withclearreasonsandrelevant evidence,usingcredible sourcesanddemonstratinganunderstandingof the topicor text. W.6.1(c) Use words,phrases,andclausestoclarifythe relationshipsamongclaim(s) andreasons. References AlvermannDonnaE,VictoriaR.Gillis,andStephenF,“ContentAreaReadingandLiteracy:SucceedinginToday’s Diverse Classrooms”,SeventhEdition,by.Phelps.PublishedbyAllyn&Bacon.(2013) B. F. Skinner,”The Science of Learningandthe Artof Teaching”,(1954), Harvard Educational Review,Vol.24, No.2) Baker,C. (1988) KeyIssuesinBilingualismandBilingual EducationClevedon:MultilingualMatters Bandura,A. (1986). Social foundationsof thoughtandaction:A social cognitive theory.EnglewoodCliffs,NJ: Prentice Hall Beck,I. L., McKeown,M. G., & Kucan,L. (2008). Creatingrobustvocabulary:Frequentlyaskedquestionsand extendedexamples.New York:Guilford.Cunningham, P.M. (2005). Phonicstheyuse:Wordsforreading and writing(4thEd.).NewYork:HarperCollins. Bromley,K.(2007). Nine thingseveryteachershouldknow aboutwordsandvocabularyinstruction.Journalof Adolescent&AdultLiteracy,50(7),528-537.
  • 5. Bronfenbrenner,U.(1979). The ecologyof humandevelopment:Experimentsbynature andDesign,Cambridge, MA: Harvard UniversityPress. C. M. CharlesBuildingClassroomDiscipline,EleventhEdition,PublishedbyPearson,2014 pgs.62, 72 & 81 Canter,L., & Canter,M. (1976). Assertive discipline:Positive behaviormanagementfortoday’sClassroom,A take-charge approachfortoday's educator,Seal Beach,CA:Lee Canter& Associates.,(1992 and 2001) Carrier,K.A. (2006). ImprovingComprehensionandAssessmentof EnglishLanguage LearnersUsingMMIO. ClearingHouse,79(3),131-136. Chomsky,Noam.The Logical Structure of LinguisticTheory,Springer:(1975).ISBN: 030630760X. Closingthe Loop:Curriculum,Pedagogy,Assessment,andReporting,"byOffice of LearningandTeaching,from the Departmentof EducationandTraining (2005).https://www.eduweb.vic.gov.au/edulibrary/public/teachlearn/student/closing_the_loop.pdf COE-GCU Framework,2010 AccessedonlinefromGCU,online,03/15/2014, http://www.gcu.edu/College-of- Education.php Cummins,J.(1994) The Acquisitionof Englishasa SecondLanguage,inSpangenberg-Urbschat,K.andPritchard, R. (eds) ReadingInstructionforESLStudentsDelaware:InternationalReadingAssociation, Deci,E. (1971). Effectsof externallymediatedrewardsonintrinsicmotivation,Journal of PersonalityandSocial Psychology,18,105-115 Design,Cambridge,MA:HarvardUniversityPress. Edward H. Haertel StanfordUniversity,2009 ReflectionsonEducational Testing:ProblemsandOpportunities, Retrieved,February,21,2014 fromhttp://opportunityequation.org/standards-and- assessments/reflections-educational-testing Exceptional Children:AnIntroductiontoSpecial Education,TenthEdition,byWilliamL.Heward.Publishedby Pearson.Copyright© 2013 by PearsonEducation,Inc. Festinger,L.(1957) a theoryof cognitive dissonance,Stanford,CA:StanfordUniversityPress Fisher,Douglass;Broz,WilliamG.;Frey,Nancy;Ivey,Gay.50 ContentAreaStrategiesorAdolescentLiteracy. NewJersey:Pearson,2007. Freire,P.(1972). Pedagogyof the oppressed,New York:Continuum. Frey,Timothy.J.,Andres,D.K.,McKean,L. A., & Lane,J. J.(2012). CollaborationbyDesign:IntegratingCore Pedagogical ContentandSpecial EducationMethodsCoursesin aPre-service Secondary Education Program.The TeacherEducator,47(1), 45-66. doi:10.1080/08878730.2011.632473 Glaser,C.,& Brownstein,J.C.(2007). Improvingfourth-gradestudents’compositionskills:Effectsof strategy instructionandself-regulationprocedures.Journal of Educational Psychology99,297–310. Glaser,William,Choice Theory:A NewPsychologyof Personal Freedom,(1998) Glasser,W. Schoolswithoutfailure,NewYork:Harper& Row,(1969). Gwendolyn,Singh,AngelaandGibson,Lenwood,(2008) 'Practical Behavior-ManagementTechniquestoClose the AccessibilityGapforStudentsWhoAre CulturallyandLinguisticallyDiverse
  • 6. Haggard, M. R. (1982). The VocabularySelf-Collectionstrategy:Anactive approachtowordlearning.Journal of Reading,27(3),203–207. Harmon-Jones,Eddie,aCognitive Dissonance TheoryPerspective onPersuasion,inthe PersuasionHandbook: DevelopmentsinTheoryandPractice,JamesPrice Dillard,Michael Paul,eds.2002.ThousandOaks,CA: Sage Publications,p.101. Irvin,J.L., Meltzer,J.,& Dukes,M. (2007). TakingActiononAdolescentLiteracy:AnImplementationGuide for School Leaders.Alexandria,VA:Associationof SupervisorsandCurriculumDevelopers.ISBN-13: 9781416605416 (Available aseBook) JamesW. Gentry, “A guide tobusynessgamingandExperientiallearning”,(1990),chapter2 pg.,8 and9 Joel Spring,the AmericanSchool,(1642-2004), 6/e.,QueensCollege,CityUniversityof New York,ISBN: 0072875666 (2005), pgs. 3 4. JohnF. Kennedy,speakingatthe BerlinWall,blastsCommunismandreaffirmsAmericansolidaritydeclaring, "Ice bin Eni Berliner,"WestBerlin,Germany JohnFitzgeraldKennedy,26/06/1963 JohnTaylor Gatto,a DifferentKindof Teacher:Solvingthe Crisisof AmericanSchoolingGatto,John Taylor, (1992). "DumbingUsDown: The HiddenCurriculumof CompulsoryEducation,"New SocietyPub: GabriolaIsland,BC104 p Judie Haynes,"ChallengesforELLsin ContentAreaLearning,"fromthe everything site, Website.http://www.everythingesl.net/inservices/challenges_ells_content_area_l_65322.php Krashen,Steven.CondemnedwithoutaTrial:BogusArgumentsagainstBilingual Education.Portsmouth,NH: Heinemann,1999. Lapp, D.,Fisher,D.,& Grant, M. (2008). "Youcan readthistext--I'll show youhow": Interactive comprehension instruction.Journal of Adolescent&AdultLiteracy,51(5),372-383. LEE, C. G. (2011). On the Way to the BestStrategyinLiteracyEducation:A journeyof philosophical investigations.Educational Philosophy&Theory,43(8),888-897. doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2009.00562.x Lynne T. Diaz-Ricothe Cross-cultural,Language,andAcademicDevelopmentHandbook:A CompleteK-12 Reference Guide,FifthEdition,Pearson.(2014) Margolis,H., & McCabe, P.P. (2004). Self-efficacy:A keytoimprovingthe motivationof strugglinglearners. ClearingHouse,77(6),241–249. Marx, Karl and EngelsFriedrich(1975-1987) CollectedWorksNew York:International Publishers. Marzano, R. J.,Pickering,D.J.,& Pollock,J.E. (2001). Classroominstructionthatworks:Researchbased strategiesforincreasingstudentachievement.Alexandria,VA:ASCD McEwan, E.K. (2007).40 Ways to SupportStrugglingReadersinContentClassrooms,Grades6-12.Thousand Oaks,CA: CorwinPress.ReprintedwithpermissionfromCorwinPress McKeown,M. G., and I. L. Beck.“Directand Rich VocabularyInstruction.”InVocabularyInstruction,editedbyJ. F. Baumannand E. J. Kame’enui,13-27.New York: GuilfordPress,2004. Mooney,P.,Ryan,J. B., Uhing,B. M., Reid,R.,& Epstein,M. H. (2005). A review of self-management interventionstargetingacademicoutcomesforstudentswithemotionalandbehavioraldisorders. Journal of Behavioral Education,14(3),203–221.
  • 7. Nguyen,N.T.(2013). The Effectsof semanticMappingonvocabularyMemorizing.3thInternational conference on ForeignLanguage LearningandTeaching2013(FLLT 2013). NoamChomsky’sinterpretationof ChileanpresidentsFarwelladdress(SalvadorAllende) http://www.historysimulation.com/ColdWar.html Ogle,D.(1986). K-W-L:A teachingmodel thatdevelopsactive readingof expositorytext.The ReadingTeacher, 39, 564-571. Raphael,T.E., & Au, K.H. (2006). QAR Now:QuestionAnswerRelationships.New York:Scholastic. Readence,J.,Moore,D.,& Rickman,R. (2000). PrereadingActivitiesforContent Rivera,C.J., Mason,L., Moser, J.,& Ahlgrim-Delzell,L.(2014). The Effectsof an iPad® MultimediaSharedStory InterventiononVocabularyAcquisitionforanEnglishLanguage Learner.Journal of Special Education Technology,29(4), 31-48. RobertMarzano, JanetAllen,AnitaArcher,KynleeBeers,andLauraRobbabout vocabularyinstruction.(2014) Rogers,C.R.& Freiberg,H.J.(1994).FreedomtoLearn (3rd Ed).Columbus,OH:Merrill/Macmillan. Ross,D., & Frey,N.(2009), LearnersNeed Purposeful andSystematicInstruction.Journal of Adolescent&Adult Literacy,53(1), 75-78. Rostand,Kellie,Mahoney,Kate &Glass,andGene V."The BigPicture:A Meta-analysisof ProgramEffectiveness ResearchonEnglishLanguage Learners."Educational Policy,19(4),572-594, 2005, September. Santa,C., & Havens,L. (1995). Creatingindependencethroughstudent-ownedstrategies:ProjectCRISS. Dubuque,IA:Kendall Hunt. School ReformandStudentDiversity:Case Studiesof ExemplaryPracticesforLEPStudents.The Institute of PolicyAnalysisandResearchincollaborationwiththe National CenterforResearchonCultural Diversity and SecondLanguage Learning,(1995),Accessedfromhttp://www.maec.org/Old/instprac.html Stauffer,R.G. (1969). Directingreadingmaturityasa cognitive process.New York:Harper& Row. TomaselloM(1999) the Cultural Originsof HumanCognition,Cambridge,MA:Harvard UniversityPress Trehearne,M.P.(Ed.).(2006). Comprehensiveliteracyresource forgrades3–6 teachers.VernonHills: ETA/Cuisenaire. Universityof TexasSystem/TexasEducationAgencyEnglishLanguage ProficiencyStandards§74.4.English Language ProficiencyStandardsAccessed(2014) http://www.dpisd.org/cms/lib4/TX01001079/centricity/domain/19/elps/elps.pdf Vygotsky,L.S. (1978). Mind insociety:The developmentof higherpsychological processes.Cambridge,MA: Harvard UniversityPress