Include short overview of Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma with simple example to understand difference between Lean and Six Sigma

1. INTRODUCTION TO LEAN, SIX
SIGMA AND LEAN SIX SIGMA
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By
Gaurav Suman
Research Scholar
PEC University of Technology
Sector 12 Chandigarh

2. SIX SIGMA
 Six Sigma was developed by Motorola in the
1980s.
 Six Sigma is philosophy, methodology or
approach which allows attaining customer
satisfaction by reducing variations.
 The ultimate goal of Six Sigma is to raise sigma
level by reducing the defects per million
opportunities (DPMO) to 3.4 or we can say, it
strive for zero defect.
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3. CONTI…
 Focus on improving quality at every step of the process.
 Done fact based improvement based on statistical
techniques.
 In order to measure the process performance in terms of set
of critical to quality characteristics, sigma rating is used as
statistical quantitative metric.
 The factor which differentiates the Six Sigma approach from
other methods is its ability to provide bottom line results.
 It is the fastest growing business management system in
industry today.
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4. Concept behind six sigma
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5. STATISTICAL CONCEPT BEHIND SIX SIGMA
 It can be seen from previous slide figure that the distance
of both specification limit from the centre line is six
standard deviation. So the process spread is equal to 12
times the standard deviation.
 When the process is centred at the target value, the
number of defect per million opportunities (DPMO) on
either side is 0.00189 which is almost negligible or defect
free process.
 In case if there is shift in the mean from the target value
due to any reasons, even then number of DPMO will not
exceed 3.4. That is quite acceptable.
 So generally Six Sigma reduces the variability, errors and
cost in such a way that number of defect will not exceed
3.4 in one million opportunities.
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6. HOW IT ACHIEVES CUSTOMER
SATISFACTION
Five step procedure
D – Define
M – Measure
A – Analyse
I – Improve
C - Control
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7. TOOLS USED
Cause and effect Diagram
Pareto Chart
ANOVA
Regression analysis
Control charts
Gage Repeatability and
Reproducibility
etc….
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8. LEAN
 Lean originates from Toyota Production System.
 Lean focuses on reducing Waste.
 Waste is any thing that does not add value to
the customer.
 Lean reduces the number of non value added
activities.
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9. TYPES OF WASTE
Toyota production system identifies the seven types of
waste which does not add value to the customer. These
are:
 Overproduction
 Waiting
 Unnecessary Transport
 Over Processing
 Excessive Inventory
 Unnecessary Movement And
 Defects.
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10. LEAN TOOLS
Value Steam Mapping
Kanban System
Poka Yoke
Total Productive Maintenance
Kaizen events
5S
Etc……. 10

11. LEAN SIX SIGMA
Lean and Six Sigma are two
complementary methodologies in the
sense that Lean focuses on reducing
waste and increasing speeds whereas
Six Sigma focus on reducing error &
variation and increasing consistency.
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12. 12
Suppose a boy attempting his
exam. In order to complete his
exam on time, he needs speed and
to get good marks, he should have
accuracy. Similarly in industry,
speed is provided by lean and
accuracy is provided by the six
sigma.
Lean helps in doing the right
things and six sigma helps in
doing the things right.

13. Speed + Accuracy = Happy customer
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14. Thank You
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