The use of pelleted feeds is now almost universal for meat producing animals or wherever biosecurity is a paramount concern.

1. Digital Re-print - May | June 2011
Pellet production to save energy, improve feed efficiency and safety
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2. FEATURE FEATURE
to the heat treatment involved, research feeds. Early observations showed that birds has been further enhanced by using the new
has shown that when pelleted diets are could consume their dietary requirements thermally stable feed enzymes that are added
re-ground to the consistency of mash, the in four percent of the day when fed pellets to the feed before pelleting as opposed to
growth response to pelleting is eliminated. compared with 15 percent of the day when the more traditional post pellet applications.
As long ago as 1978, Proudfoot and fed mash feeds. The Kiotechagil Feedzyme enzymes
Sefton reported that body weight and mon- In pig production, the heat treatment for example are inherently stable, without
etary returns were inversely related to the during pelleting improves the digestibility encapsulation, at temperatures up to 95°C
proportion of fines in finisher diets and the of maize, which can result in a six-to-eight in the conditioner before pelleting. This gives
same is true today. percent improvement in daily gain and feed them a head-start on traditional enzymes.
The benefits of pelleted feeding may be conversion. However, probably the best know indi-
attributable to the fact that birds fed pelleted Secondary, benefits of pelleting are that rect benefit of pelleting is biosecurity. Most
diets expend less energy to consume the the temperature and moisture improves of the common pathogens such as salmo-
same level of nutrients as those fed mash digestibility and more recently this benefit nella, Escherichia and Campylobacter are
Vacant Position in the Middle East
in The Flour Milling Industry
Flour Developer
Required for modern, fully computerised Flour Mill Plant with full
capacity of 1,200 MT per day producing the highest grades of
flour with the latest technology in the Middle East
The required candidate should fulfil the following
requirements:
Relevant studies in the flour milling
and flour chemistry
Pellet production
Enough practical experience in well-known
flour milling companies in the field of flour
and premix development
Vast experience in Enzymes
and flour improver composition
Experience in R&D as well as Quality Control
to save energy, improve An attractive expatriate package will be offered to
the successful individual including accommodation,
transportation, annual leave, medical insurance, etc
feed efficiency and safety All applications will be treated with the strictest confidence.
Interested parties should send their CVs together with a cover
letter to:
Maywal Ltd
1 Paper Mews, 330 High Street, Dorking, Surrey,
RH4 2TU UK
by Murray Hyden C Biol, Technical Director/Director of Biosecurity, Kiotechagil Fax: +44 1306 888335 E-mail: info@maywal.co.uk
T
he use of pelleted feeds is now Pelleted feeds are easy to handle in bulk feeds provide no opportunity for ingredient
almost universal for meat producing or in bags and save time at the mill and selection during consumption by fussy feed-
animals or wherever biosecu- during delivery operations because they ers and there is less wastage with pelleted
rity is a paramount concern. have enhanced flow properties that allow feeds. Jiangsu Hualiang Machinery Co., Ltd
for good conveying by screw augers, as well Pelleted feeds are also more digestible  We manufacture a comprehensive range of quality machinery suitable for
The efficiency of the pelleting process has as improved discharge behaviour from feed as a result of starch pre-gelatinisation and all areas of the Grain, Feed and Milling industries.
a huge impact of feedmill profitability and bins due to reduced bridging compared to protein denaturation. And, it has also been  Main products and service:
1. Indented Cylinder Separator, Length Grader, Thickness Grader, De-stoner,
throughput and with 90 percent of animal mash. reported in pigs that an additional benefit of Vibrating Cleaning Screen, Magnet Separator
feed in Europe being pelleted every feedmill Generally, it is only in layers where mash pelleting is that a finer grist size can be used Indented 2. All kinds of conveying equipments, such as en-mass Conveyor, Belt Conveyor, Conveyor
System
should be monitoring pellet feeds are still used and this is primarily to and this has also been found to increase Cylinder Separator Chain Conveyor, Bucket Elevator, Screw Conveyor etc
3. Manufacture and installment of stainless steel nonstandard equipment
efficiency. prevent overconsumption of nutrients. digestibility.
From a production point of Responses in weight gain and feed efficien- Tel:+86-515-85315666 • Mob: +8613905110028 • Fax: +86-515-85314485 • jshualiang@yahoo.com
view, pelleting feeds increases Pellets have other advantages cy of birds fed pelleted diets is substantially 12 Weiyi Rd, Economy Development District Dongtai, Jiangsu Prov., China, 224200
the bulk density of the ration, Pelleted feed is for example nutritionally improved when the pellet quality is good.
allowing more tonnage to be delivered per
truck. This saves on space and transport
consistent from pellet to pellet with each
pellet containing the correct balance of
While it has been suggested that the
improvement in performance is solely the
Rice Selecting Grader
(Length Grader)
www.hualiang.com.cn/english
costs. amino acids, minerals and vitamins. Pelleted result of increased diet digestibility due
Jiangsu_Hualiang_190x58.indd 1 07/12/2010 10:28
14 | may - June 2011 Grain &feed millinG technoloGy Grain &feed millinG technoloGy may - June 2011 | 15

3. FEATURE
improve the digestibility of the DDGS, a
pellet binder is often required to achieve
a suitable pellet quality from this high fibre
ingredient.
A low inclusion binder, like Kiotechagil
Mastercube, can really help overcome
many of the problems associated with the
feed formulation and can also help over-
come some of the engineering shortfalls
such as short conditioners or poor steam
quality.
One other important factor of pellet
binders is that they help maintain pellet qual-
ity during seasonal changes in raw material
quality. The pelletability of freshly harvested
cereals is often quite different to the last of
the previous harvest grains.
Simply adding water to the grist may exac-
erbate problems at the pellet press and the
use of a pellet binder can help overcome the
problems.
The selection of a low inclusion binder
has the advantage in that it minimises the
non-spore forming bacteria and are there- Feed formulation plays a major part in impact of nutrient density so feed costs can
fore sensitive to heat. The temperature final pellet quality and high protein cereals be maintained. Mastercube, unlike some
required is often not as high as expected such as wheat will contribute more to pellet binders, is also a useful calcium source so
with S. typhimurium being killed after just quality than maize, oats or barley. it can easily be incorporated into the ration
10 seconds at 70°C but requiring seven Dietary fat is known to have an inverse formulation programmes.
minutes at 60°C. relationship with pellet quality, hence the use Remember that without a pellet binder
None-the-less, pelleting is a very high of post pellet fat spraying for certain rations. fines can be a real problem and fines returns
energy process (and is becoming more so When fat is incorporated into the feed the at the feedmill do not just mean expensive
with energy prices increasing). The use of added fat coats starch granules and prevents double pelleting for the returned material
high quality pellet binders can reduce energy water uptake, which in turn impairs the heat but also a reduced throughput at the mill.
requirements in three ways. transfer necessary for gelatinisation. Pellet breakage during transport and stor-
1 Poor pellet quality results in higher When high levels of dietary fat are used age is also wasteful.
or when maize is the primary cereal A pellet binder must do more than simply
in the ration formulation, tradi- bind the grist at the die, it must also confer
“Selecting the right pellet binder tional binders such as thixotropic an increased pellet hardness to enable pel-
bentonite clays or lignosulphonates lets to be blown, augured and transported
is cost effective in so many ways (the waste product from the wood without being crushed.
pulping process to manufacture Mastercube is both a binder and a hard-
and can be a real benefit in terms paper) have been used to improve ener and it uses only EU approved ingre-
pellet quality. dients. The primary binder is a natural
of digestibility, biosecurity and However, neither of these bind- plant gum that is tested to comply with EU
ers provides any substantial nutri- standards and the hardener is a high quality
mill throughput thus making tional value to the diet. calcium sulphate, which is approved as a
In fact, both these ingredients nutrient and has a dual function as a calcium
a quality pellet binder pay for are incorporated at high inclusion source and a hardener.
rates and actually dilute the nutri- A feedmill operating efficiently and dust
itself many times over” ent content of the feed resulting in free is a pleasant place to work. It is safe for
more expensive raw material usage the operators and easier to keep clean. Fines,
to compensate. settling as dust on floors and equipment, will
fines levels and more returns, which is Reduced fines and improved digestibility soon pick up moisture and will become a
energetically inefficient lead on to further improvements that are habitat for enteropathogens.
2 Pellet binders help lubricate the die often overlooked. For example, improved The requirement therefore for pellet
which reduces energy requirements feed conversion and nutrient utilisation binders that do not compromise nutrient
as well as increasing mill throughput. reduces the volume of excreta which ben- density is even more important today than
Lubricating dies minimises wear so they efits the environment, so we have less feed it was just a few years ago. The modern
should last for 25,000–30,000 tonnes being used to improve growth rates and breeds used in production have been heavily
with just one refurbishment. Changing improvements to the environment. selected for maximizing feed intake and the
dies takes upwards of two hours during With cereal prices ever increasing in price response to pelleted diets is likely to be
which time the line cannot operate the temptation to use more co-products, much more significant than was reported just
3 Pellet quality can be enhanced at lower such as DDGS from bioethanol production, twenty or thirty years ago.
temperatures that still permit the is much greater. However, DDGS inclusion Selecting the right pellet binder is cost
biosecurity benefits but where starch can result in reduced pellet quality, which is effective in so many ways and can be a real
gelatinisation may not be sufficient on because the main binding agent, starch, has benefit in terms of digestibility, biosecurity
its own to improve pellet quality. This been removed to produce ethanol. Whilst and mill throughput thus making a quality
saves energy and speeds up throughput enzyme systems have been developed to pellet binder pay for itself many times over.
16 | may - June 2011 Grain &feed millinG technoloGy

4. This digital Re-print is part of the May | June 2011 edition of Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine.
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Hazard Monitoring
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In this issue:
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• Conditioning
• Synthesis of
as part of the animal feed
pelleting process
formulation
techniques:
Linear and Non-Linear
model
• Pelleting: • Pellet
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efficiency
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