The document discusses current and emerging trends in information technology. It covers the following trends: 1. Current trends include cloud computing, mobile computing/applications, big data analytics, and automation. Cloud computing allows access to shared resources over the internet. Mobile usage and applications have increased dramatically in recent years. Big data allows analysis of large datasets for business insights. Automation using machine processes can increase productivity. 2. Emerging trends discussed are artificial intelligence/smart machines, virtual reality, augmented reality, the internet of things, and 5G wireless technology. AI includes applications like expert systems, natural language processing, computer vision and robotics. Virtual and augmented reality involve simulated and enhanced digital environments. The internet of things connects

1. President Ramon Magsaysay State University Computer Engineering Department
Living in the
Information Technology
Era

2. Lesson 9
Current Trends and Emerging Technologies

3. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Current Trends in Information Technology
The latest technology methods and best practices of
2019 will primarily stem from current trends in
information technology. Advancements in IT systems
relate to what the industry is leaning toward or
disregarding now. Information technology is advancing
so rapidly that new developments are quickly replacing
current projections.
a. Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is a network of resources a company
can access, and this method of using a digital drive
increases the efficiency of organizations. Instead of local
storage on computer hard drives, companies will be
freeing their space and conserving funds. According to
Forbes, 83 percent of enterprise workloads will be in the
cloud by 2020, which means 2019 will show an
increasing trend closing in on this statistic.
Cloud storage and sharing is a popular trend many
companies have adopted and even implemented for
employee interaction. A company-wide network will
help businesses save on information technology
infrastructure. Cloud services will also extend internal
functions to gain revenue. Organizations that offer cloud
services will market these for external products and
continue their momentum.
Organizations will transfer their stored files across
multiple sources using virtualization. Companies are
already using this level of virtualization, but will further
embrace it in the year to come. Less installation across
company computers is another positive result of cloud
computing because the Internet allows direct access to
shared technology and information. The freedom of new
products and services makes cloud computing a growing
trend.

4. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Current Trends in Information Technology
b. Mobile Computing and Applications
Mobile phones, tablets, and other devices have taken
both the business world and the personal realm by
storm. Mobile usage and the number of applications
generated have both skyrocketed SCIENCES in recent
years. Now, 77 percent of Americans own smartphones
— a 35 percent increase since 2011. Pew Research
Center also shows using phones for online use has
increased and fewer individuals use traditional Internet
services like broadband.
Experts project mobile traffic to increase even further in
2019, and mobile applications, consumer capabilities,
and payment options will be necessary for businesses.
The fastest-growing companies have already established
their mobile websites, marketing, and apps for
maximized security and user-friendliness. Cloud apps are
also available for companies to use for on-the-go
capabilities.
c. Big Data Analytics
Big data is a trend that allows businesses to analyze
extensive sets of information to achieve variety in
increasing volumes and growth of velocity. Big data has a
high return on investment that boosts the productivity of
marketing campaigns, due to its ability to enable high-
functioning processing. Data mining is a way companies
can predict growth opportunities and achieve future
success. Examination of data to understand markets and
strategies is becoming more manageable with advances
in data analytic programs.
This practice in information technology can be observed
for its potential in data management positions for
optimal organizations. Database maintenance is a
growing sector of technology careers. To convert various
leads into paying customers, big data is an essential
trend to continue following in 2019.

5. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Current Trends in Information Technology
d. Automation
Another current trend in the IT industry is automated
processes. Automated processes can collect information
from vendors, customers, and other documentation.
Automated processes that check invoices and other
accounts-payable aspects expedite customer
interactions. Machine processes can automate repetitive
manual tasks, rather than assigning them to employees.
This increases organization-wide productivity, allowing
employees to use their valuable time wisely, rather than
wasting it on tedious work.
Automation can even produce more job opportunities
for IT professionals trained in supporting, programming,
and developing automated processes. Machine learning
can enhance these automated processes for a
continually developing system. Automated processes for
the future will extend to groceries and other automatic
payment methods to streamline the consumer
experience.
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6. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
Trends in information technology emerging in 2019 are
new and innovative ways for the industry to grow. These
movements in information technology are the areas
expected to generate revenue and increase demand for
IT jobs. Pay attention to these technological changes and
unique products that enhance business operations.
a. Artificial Intelligence and Smart Machines
What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence (AI)
is intelligence exhibited by machines. In computer
science, an ideal "intelligent" machine is a flexible
rational agent that perceives its environment and takes
actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.
Applications
• Expert systems.
• Natural Language Processing (NLP).
• Speech recognition.
• Computer vision.
• Robotics.
• Automatic Programming.
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7. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era 7
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
An Expert System is a computer program designed to act
as an expert in a particular domain (area of expertise).
Domain of E.S. Knowledge base Facts Heuristics Phases
in Expert System. Expert systems currently are designed
to assist experts, not to replace them, They have been
used in medical diagnosis, chemical analysis, geological
explorations etc.
Expert System
The goal of NLP is to enable people and computers to LP
communicate in a natural (humanly) language (such as,
English) rather than in a computer language.
Natural Language Processing

8. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era 8
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
The primary interactive method of communication used
by human is not reading and writing, it is speech. The
goal of speech recognition research is to allow
computers to understand human speech. So that they
can hear our voices and recognize the words we are
speaking. It simplifies the process of interactive
communication between people and computers; thus it
advances the goal of NPL.
Speech Recognition
People generally use vision as their primary means of
sensing their environment, we generally see more than
we hear, feel or smell or taste. The goal of computer
vision research is to give computers this same powerful
facility for understanding their surrounding. AI helps
computer to understand what they see through attached
cameras.
Computer Vision

9. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era 9
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
A Robot is a electro-mechanical device that can by
programmed to perform manual task or a
reprogrammable multi functional manipulator designed
to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices
through variable programmed motions for performance
of variety of task. An “intelligent” robot includes some
kind of sensory apparatus that allow it to respond to
change in its environment.
Robotics
Automatic programming is the generation of programs by
computer, usually based on specifications that are higher-level
and
easier for humans to specify than ordinary programming
languages. It's one of the most important part of A.I.
Automatic Programming

10. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
Two different kind of future of AI.
1. Positive
2. Negative
Positive imagination of Future
Maybe, the day is not far when we will just sit back in
our cozy little beds and just command our personal
Robot's to entirely do our ruts. He will be a perfect
companion for us. Just enjoy the Technology.
Negative imagination of Future
It may end in other way too. Some day there will be a
knock at our door. As we open it, we'll see a large
number of Robots marching into our house destroying
everything we own and looting you. This is because ever
since there is an advantage in the Technology, it attracts
anti- social elements. This is true for Robots too.
Because now they will have full power to think as
human, even as of anti-social elements. So we should
think trice before giving them power of Cognition.
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11. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
b. Virtual Reality
What is Virtual Reality?
• Virtual Reality means feeling the imaginary(virtual)
world, rather than the real one. The imaginary world
is a simulation running in a computer.
• Virtual reality is the term used for computer
generated 3D environments that allow the user to
enter and interact with alternate realities.
• The definition of 'virtual' is near and 'reality' is what
we experience as human beings.
Types of Virtual Reality
• Immersive Virtual Reality
• Non-Immersive Virtual Reality
• Window on world Virtual Reality
Immersive Virtual Reality
Immersion into virtual reality is a perception of being
physically present in a non-physical world.
Elements of virtual environments that increase the
immersiveness of the experience:
1. Continuity of surroundings
2. Conformance to human vision
3. Freedom of movement
4. Physical interaction
5. Physical feedback
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12. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
Non-Immersive Virtual Reality
• Large display, but doesn't surround the user.
Window on world Virtual Reality
• Desktop-based Virtual Reality involves displaying a 3-
dimensional virtual on regular desktop display without use of
any specialized movement tracking environment.
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13. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
c. Augmented Reality
What Is Augmented Reality?
Augmented reality (AR) is a live, direct or indirect, view
of a physical, real- world environment whose elements
are augmented by computer - generated sensory input
such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.
It is related to a more general concept called mediated
reality, in which a view of reality is modified by a
computer.
The technology functions by enhancing one's current
perception of reality. Virtual reality replaces the real
world with a simulated one. Augmentation is
conventionally a semantic context with environmental
elements, such as sports scores on TV during a match.
With the help of advanced AR technology) the
information about the surrounding real world of the user
becomes interactive and digitally manipulable.
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14. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
What is the Difference between AR and VR?
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15. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
d. Internet of Things(IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging movement of
products with integrated Wi-Fi and network connectivity
abilities. Cars, homes, appliances, and other products
can now connect to the Internet, making activities
around the home and on the road an enhanced
experience. Use of IoT allows people to turn on music
hands-free with a simple command, or lock and unlock
their doors even from a distance.
Many of these functions are helping organizations in
customer interaction, responses, confirmations, and
payments. Remote collection of data assists companies
the most. IoT almost acts like a digital personal assistant.
The intelligent features of some of these IoT products
can aid in many company procedures. Voice recognition
and command responses will allow you to access stored
data on cloud services.
IoT enriches the IT industry, especially in job creation.
Within the next few years, IoT related careers will
increase, and there will be a need for 200,000 additional
IT workers, according to IT Pro Today. Design,
troubleshooting, and support of IoT products need
extensive training and a specific set of skills.
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16. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
Emerging Trends in Information Technology
e. 5G Wireless Technology
What is 5G?
• 5G Wireless: 5th generation wireless technology.
Complete wireless communication with almost no
limitations.
• It is incredible transmission speed.
5G Wireless Technology
• Next major phase of mobile telecommunication & wireless
system.
• 10 times more capacity than others.
• Expected speed up to 1 Gbps.
• Faster & reliable than 4G.
Features of 5G:
• High resolution for crazy cell phone users.
• More attractive & effective.
• 25 Mbps connectivity speed.
• Uploading & Downloading speed of 5G touching the
peak (up to 1 Gbps).
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17. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
5G
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18. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
5G Applications
1. High-speed mobile network
• 5G will revolutionize the mobile experience with
supercharged wireless network, which can support up
to 10 to 20 GBPS of data download speed.
• It is equivalent to a fiber optic Internet connection
accessed wirelessly. Compared to conventional
mobile transmission technologies, voice and high-
speed data can be simultaneously transferred
efficiently in 5G.
2. Entertainment and multimedia
• 5G will offer a high definition virtual world on your
mobile phone. High speed streaming of 4K videos
only takes few seconds and it can support crystal
clear audio clarity.
• HD TV channels can be accessed on mobile devices
without any interruptions.
• HD virtual reality games are getting popular and many
companies are investing on VR based gaming. High
speed 5G network can offer better gamming
experience with high speed Internet.
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19. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
5G Applications
3. Internet of Things
• Internet of Things (IoT) is another broad area for
development using supercharged 5G wireless
network. Internet of Things will connect every
objects, appliances, sensors, devices and applications
into Internet.
• loT applications will collect huge amount of data from
millions of devices and sensors. It requires an efficient
network for data collection, processing, transmission,
control and real-time analytics.
4. Smart Home
• Smart home appliances and products are catching up
the market today. Smart home concept will utilize 5G
networks for device connectivity and monitoring of
applications.
• 5G wireless network will be utilized by smart
appliances which can be configured and accessed
from remote locations, closed circuit cameras will
provide high quality real-time video for security
purposes.
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20. By: Engr. Froilan G. Cantillo
GEE 4 Living in the IT Era
5G Applications
5. Logistics and shipping
• Logistic and shipping industry can make use of smart
5G technology for goods tracking, fleet management,
centralized database management, staff scheduling
and real-time delivery tracking and reporting.
6. Smart Cities
• Smart city application like, traffic management,
Instant weather update, local area broadcasting,
energy management, smart power grid, smart
lighting of street, water resource management, crowd
management, emergency response etc. can use
reliable 5G wireless network for its functioning.
7. Autonomous Driving
• Self-driving cars are not very far from reality with the
use of 5G wireless networks. High performance
wireless network connectivity with low latency is
significant for autonomous driving.
• In future, cars can communicate with smart traffic
signs, surrounding objects and other vehicles on the
road. Every millisecond is important for self-driving
vehicles, decision has to be made in split second to
avoid collision and make sure passenger safety.
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21. End of Lesson 9
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Any Questions?