FASHION ERA SUMMARY

1. Fatema-tuz-jannat
Senior lecturer of PISFT
BSC in fashion design
MBA in apparel merchandising

2. Ancient Rome
clothing
• In ancient Rome they generally wore tunics, togas, stolas,
brooches, and breeches.
• Wool was the most commonly used fibre.
• Silk and cotton was imported from China and India. Silk was rare
and expensive so only the rich people wore it.
• They used leather to keep their soldiers warm when traveling. They
wore animal skins over their armour with the head sitting on their
head.
• Women wore tunics or a stola with a palla over the stola.
• Girls wore short tunics at home and long tunics outside.
• The dress code was different for different genders, or languages, it
was also different if you were rich or poor. Both genders rich or
poor wore togas. They wore sandals and boots mad out of leather
and sometime wood.

3. Jewelry in ancient Rome
• Back then men were only allowed to wear one piece of jewelry and it was
usually a ring to mark wax while sealing documents.
• Jewelry could be added, either decoratively or functionally,
like the brooches seen holding together the front and back
of clothing for Roman women.

4. footwear
• Men and women wore basically the same footwear.
• Calcei were a cross between
a shoe and a sandal, and they
were worn outdoors.
• Soleae were sandals that were
worn indoors.
• Socci were slippers that were
also meant for indoor use.

5. Hairstyles and beards
• Most Roman men were clean-shaven and
wore short hairstyles.
• Women’s hairstyles were very elaborate.
• Romans used hair pieces, wigs, hair lotions,
and dyes. Many wanted to be blonde.

6. Cosmetics
• There were cleansers and foundations in
ancient Rome. But the latter were
poisonous sometimes.
• Perfume was used very often that it was
considered strange if they didn’t wear it.
Flowers and plants were blended into a
cream made from animal fats and oils.
• Eye shadow was made from saffron. The
Romans used the green coloring which was
made from the crushed malchite stone.
• The Roman women then applied rouge over
the foundation layer of make-up to stain
their cheeks. The rouge was also used as lip
color to stain their lips.

7. Ancient Greek – Clothes
• The kind of clothing worn in ancient
Greece was loose and flowing and hardly
were the garments ever sewn together
• The fabrics used were mainly linen or
wool
• Women also wore a veil with their
clothing whenever they stepped out of
the house
• In fact, the ancient Greek fashion was
quite modern in its outlook as far as men
were concerned to the extent that male
nudity was really not a big deal in ancient
Greece

8. Jewelry in ancient Greece
• There is evidence that ancient Greeks had
necklaces, earrings, pins, pendants,
armbands, thigh bands, bracelets, rings,
wreaths, diadems, and other fancy hair
ornaments.
• Bracelets were often worn in matching sets
or pares
• Jewelry usually had pearls, gems or
semiprecious gems.
• Popular earring designs included: angels
flying , such as Eros, Nike, and Ganymede
carried up by the eagle of Zeus to Mount
Olympus.
• Jewelry was often passed down from
generation to generation.
• Jewelry was sometimes made as an offering
to the gods.

9. Ancient Greek – Make-ups
• Ancient Greek women also
used make up—pale or
light skin was considered a
status symbol for women
• Women used honey and
olive oil to improve their
skin
• They often used
substances as a substitute
for cosmetics for
enhancing their looks
• Dark powder was dusted
over the eyebrows and red
powder was used over
their lips
• Women also loved to wear
their hair long during this
period.

10. Cosmetics
• Kohl was used to mark the
eyes.
• Red, which was applied to
lips, came from the ore
ochre.
• Henna was painted on nails
and hands
• There was numerous
perfumes.
• eyebrows (the "unibrow")
was in vogue.
Red ochre

11. Ancient Greek – Hair styles
• Hairstyles in ancient Greece also
changed over time
• In the early days of Greece, men
normally wore their hair short and
grew beards
• During the Hellenistic era, beards
went out of style
• Long hair was typical for Greek
women; only slave women would
wear their hair short
• Women curled and braided their hair
in early Greece
• Later the style was to tie their hair
back or put it up into a bun.
• They wore hair nets made of
goldthread.

12. Clothing in ancient Egypt
• Egyptian clothing was made for style
and comfort.
• Egyptian clothing was made so you
could keep cool in the dessert sun.
• Clothing was usually left in its
natural colour
• The wealthy wore animal fibers.
• people of modest condition
sometimes wore nothing but
everybody wore Shenti.
• Slaves did not wear anything

13. Cosmetics
• Kohl was used to mark the eyes.
• Kohl was made out of galena.
• Another reason they used kohl is
because it was believed to keep
dust and dirt out of the eyes. This is
why both men and women wore it.
• Crushed malachite was used to
make eye shadow
• Red, which was applied to lips,
came from the ochre.
• Henna was painted on nails and
hands
• There was numerous perfumes.
Painting of kohl
Red ochre

14. MAKEUP
• Kohl: eye liner
made of galena
ore
• to keep away the
insects
• To keep away the
evil eye
• To prevent
inflammation
and allergy
• Dust

15. HEADWEAR
• Nemes: headwear
initially made by
leather and then
by linen worn by
pharroh and
nobilities.
• Khat: is also called
as klaft worn by
commoners and
nobilities, off
white in colour.
• Servants and

16. FOOTWEAR
• Wore during the
new kingdom.
• Made of leather
or papyrus fibre.

18. Make-up
• The Elizabethan view of pure beauty was a
woman with light hair and a snow white
complexion complimented with red cheeks
and red lips.

19. Elizabethan Hair Styles
• The ruffs, or collars, framed the face and dictated the hairstyles of the age.
• Women wore their hair long when young and unmarried; after marriage, women pinned up
and covered their hair.
• Men’s hair started as short closely cropped hairstyles and increased in length during the
period.

20. Jewelry
• Elizabethan jewelry only available to the
Nobility or Upper Class.
• Gold, silver, copper and ivory with
precious and semi-precious stones were
used.
• Cheaper alternatives made of glass,
bone, horn and even wood were also
used.
Ring Bracelets
Earrings
Necklaces
Girdle

21. Medieval
400-1400 A.D.
With the beginning of
Christian influence, dress
became more modest than
before, with longer
hemlines and sleeves.
However, because of
increased trade, clothing
became more extravagant
with embroidery and
beading.

22. Renaissance
1400-1550 A.D.
There were many style changes
during the Renaissance period.
Dresses gradually lost their long
trains, women wore robes,
(dresses with an attached bodice
and skirt), and women began to
show their hair again, which was
adorned with jewels and veils.
Later in the period, sleeves
became puffed and necklines
were adorned with high standing
collars, as well as voluminous
skirts supported by hoops made
of wire or wicker. Slashing,
(cutting the outer layer of cloth
to reveal the inner layer of
cloth),was also very popular.

23. Elizabethan
1550-1605 A.D.
During the Elizabethan period, clothing was
designed to cover every inch of the body. As the
period progressed, waist lines became straight (as
opposed to a V-shaped “princess” cut of before)
and sleeves became tight fitted rather than
ruffled. Wealthy women wore large gold pendants
and a French “hood” on the neck for adornment.
Snoods, a type of hairnet, and other similar
designs were very popular during this period.

24. Baroque
1605-1670 A.D.
The "Cavalier" style of dress became popular
during the early part of the Baroque period.
Trimmings were simple and confined to
buttons, buttonholes, and lace. Women's
bodice necklines were cut wide and square,
and waistlines heightened. By 1630, sleeves
became full and draped softly below the
elbow, revealing the wearer's lower arm for
the first time in centuries.

25. Georgian
1670-1790 A.D.
The richly decorated gowns worn by wealthy Georgian
women were often adorned with an "eschelle
stomacher" (a fancy corset designed to be worn in
public and adorned with bows of decreasing size)
above the waistline and an embroidered and trimmed
petticoat below. Ladies' skirts were supported by
hoops made of cane or rattan. Under the hoops and
corset, ladies wore "shifts" (knee-length
undergarments with elbow-length sleeves adorned
with a froth of lace).

26. Regency
1790-1840 A.D.
The stiff brocades and embroidered silks of before
were replaced by lightweight fabrics in plain,
subdued colors. Regency designers raised the
waistline to just below the wearer's bosom. The
waistline was often defined by a wide sash tied in a
bow at the back of a dress. Properly dressed ladies
wore spencers or pelisses out of doors, along with a
broad-brimmed hat tied under the chin with a
ribbon.

27. Victorian
1840-1890 A.D.
In the Victorian era, dresses were composed of several layers of
different shades, cloths and trimmings, and intended to be worn
with both under-dresses and over-dresses. In the beginning,
puffy "mutton-leg" sleeves became all the rage, but these were
later replaced by fitted sleeves and eventually bell sleeves.
Victorians thought the "hourglass" shape to best flatter the
female form, and women wore restrictive corsets to achieve this
ideal. The Victorian era also saw the progression from crinoline
skirts to hoop skirts and finally to bustled skirts.

28. Edwardian
1890-1914 A.D.
During this era, the shape of women’s dresses were designed
with an “S” curve. This allowed women to cast off confining
corsets and wear new “health corsets” that supported the
spine and abdomen. The “Gibson Girl” became popular as well
as the suit, hard collar, and tie (creating appropriate clothing
for women entering jobs that were formerly occupied by
men). During the later part of the era,, fashions changed
from the “S” shape to the pre-flapper, straight-line clothing
of the late 1920’s. Clothing over all became more
comfortable and practical during this era.