Niosome is a non-ionic surfactant-based Vesicle (biology and chemistry). Niosomes are formed mostly by non-ionic surfactant and cholesterol incorporation as an excipient. A liposome is a spherical vesicle having at least one lipid bilayer. The liposome can be used as a vehicle for administration of nutrients and pharmaceutical drugs.

1. Presented by
Farhana Akter Joty
ID: 193- 46- 258

2.  Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the
medication is encapsulated in a vesicle composed of a bilayer
of non- ionic surface active agents.
Figure: Structure of niosome

3. According to the nature of lamellarity
 Multilamellar vesicles (MLV) 1- 5 µm in size.
 Large Unilamellar vesicles (LUV) 0.1 - 1µm in size.
 Small Unilamellar vesicles (SUV) 25- 500 nm in
size.
According to the size
 Small Niosomes (100nm – 200 nm)
 Large Niosomes (800nm – 900nm)
 Big Niosomes (2µm - 4µm)

4.  Ether injection
 Hand shaking
 Sonication
 The reverse phase evaporation technique
 Bubble method
 Transmembrane pH gradient drug uptake
process
 Emulsion method

5.  Shape & Morphology
 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
 Particle size
 Entrapment Efficiency
 Cell Cytotoxicity Study
 Stability study
 In vitro release study

6.  For controlled release of drugs
 To improve the stability and physical properties of
the drugs
 For targeting and retention of drug in blood
circulation
 Cosmetics
 Studying immune response

7.  A liposome is a spherical vesicle having at least one
lipid bilayer. The liposome can be used as a vehicle
for administration of nutrients and pharmaceutical
drugs.Liposomes can be prepared by disrupting
biological membranes (such as by sonication).
Figure: Structure of liposome

8. Liposome Types
Size Number of Lamellae
Small Unilamellar Vesicles
(SUV)
20 nm - 100 nm Single
Large Unilamellar Vesicles
(LUV)
100 nm - 400 nm Single
Giant Unilamellar Vesicles
(GUV)
1 µm and Larger Single
Large Multilamellar Vesicles
(MLV)
200 nm - ~3 µm Multiple
Multivesicular Vesicles (MVV) 200 nm - ~3 µm Multiple

9. Mechanical dispersion method
 Sonication
 French pressure cell: extrusion.
 Freeze-thawed liposomes.
Solvent dispersion method
 Ether injection (solvent vaporization)
 Ethanol injection
 Reverse phase evaporation method
Detergent removal method
 Dialysis
 Dilution

10.  Particle size
 Surface charge
 Percent drug encapsulated
 Phase behaviour
 Drug release rate

11.  Enhanced solubility of amphiphilic and lipophilic drugs
 Inactive objective to the cells of the immune system
 Maintained free system of systemically or locally administered
liposomes.
 Site-avoidance mechanism
 Improved transfer of hydrophilic, electric molecules such as
antibiotics, chelators, plasmids and genes, into cells.

12. SI NO. Niosomes Liposomes
1. Vesicles made up of
surfactants with or without
incorporation of cholesterol
Vesicles made up of
concentric bilayer of
phospholipis
2. Size ranges from 10- 100
nm
Size ranges from 10-
3000nm
3. Inexpensive Comparatively expensive
4. Special storage conditions
are not required
Special storage conditions
are required
5. Non- ionic surfactants are
stable
Phospholipids used are
unstable
6. Less toxic Comparatively more toxic