bonding agents in dentistry , definition, mechanism and generations

1. BONDING
AGENT
GENERATIONS
DEFINITION,MECHANISM
AND GENERATIONS
BY : Farah Sarmad
Dental student /4th stage
At university of baghdad

2. DEFINITION
are resin materials used to make a dental
composite filling material adhere to
both dentin and enamel.
IT IS CONSISTS OF :
PMMA(POLY METHYL METHACRYLATE)
volatile carrier
solvent like acetone
They may also contain diluent monomers.

3. MECHANISMS OF ACTION
ETCH PRIMER
BONDING
AGENT
 PARTIALTOTAL
REMOVAL OF SMEAR
LAYER.
 DEMINERALIZATION OF
INTERTUBULAR &
PERITUBULAR DENTIN.
 DENTINAL TUBULES
OPENED WHILE
EXPOSING COLLAGEN
FIBERS.
 MICROPOROSITY OF
INTERTUBULAR
DENTIN INCREASED.
 INCREASE THE
CRITICAL
SURFACE
TENSION OF
DENTIN.
 PENTERATE THE
INTERTUBULAR
DENTIN & FORMING
HYBRID LAYER.
 PENTERATE &
POLYMERIZE IN
OPEN DENTINAL
TUBULES
&FORMING RESIN
TAGS.

7. FOURTH GENERATION
(THREE STEP ADHESIVE)
etchant
primer
adhesive

8. • Etchant (phosphoric acid in gel form)
• Primer : is a bifunctional molecule consist of hydrophilic
(monomers in ethanol , acetone & water attaches to the tooth) .
hydrophobic monomer attaches to the composite resin.
Examples : HMA
NTG-GMA
PENTA
• Bonding agent: consist of unfilled & filled resins BisGMA ,
UDMA with TEGDMA & HEMA .
Aids in penetration into intertubular dentin
to form a resin dentin inter diffusion zone
called HYBRID LAYER .

9. ADVANTAGES
 Higher bond strength of 17-24MPa
 Reliable and consistent results
DISADVANTAGES
 Technique sensitive
 Time consuming procedure
 Over wetting or over drying of dentin
BRAND NAMES
 All bond 2 & All bond 3
 Optibond FL ( Kerr corporation)
 3M ESPE

10. Total etchant
for 15 sec
Rinse the
etchant
thoroughly
+blot dry
primer
Adhesive
Light cure

11. FIFTH GENERATION
TWO STEPS
PRIMER &
ADHESIVE
ETCHA
NT

13. Prime&bond
NT(Dentsply
Adper
single
bond 2
ExciTE(ivocl
ar,vivadent)
XP
bond
One
caot
bond

15. SISTH
GENERATION
2 STEPS & 2
COMPONENT
1 STEP & 2
COMPONENT

16. VI GENERATION
2 STEPS & 2 COMPONENT
 NOURSHING CONDITIONER OR SELF PRIMER ETCHANT
 MECHANISM OF ACION:-
 THE ACIDIC PRIMERS CONTAIN PHOSPHATED RESIN
MOLECULES PERFORMS FUNCTIONS:-
 ETCHING & PRIMERING OF ENAMEL .
 INCORPORATING SMEAR PLUGS INTO RESIN TAGS.

17. APPLICATION
OF BOTTLE 1
ETCHANT+
PRIMER
AFTER 10S ,APPLY
BOTTLE 2 ON
TOOTH SURFACE
LIGHT CURE

19. SIXTH GENERATION
1 STEP & 2 COMPONENT
Bottle 1
Conditioner
+primer
Bottle 2
Adhesive
resin

20.  Self etching primers are acidic in nature leading to it’s
penetration along the aqueous channels found in smear
layer and widening them.
 When the concentration of acidic monomers increased
(30-40% in VI) aided in etching through smear layer .
 Self etching primers contain acidic esters like
HEMA,MDP,TEGDMA .
 Simpler than that of total etchant adhesive systems.
Xeno III(Dentsply)
One Up bond
(tokuyama)
Prompt L bond
(3M ESPE)

23.  NO ETCHING NEEDED.
 LESS TECHNIQUE SENSITIVE.
 LESS TIME CONSUMING .
 SELF ETCH ADHESIVES ARE LESS LIKELY TO RESULT IN
DISCREPANCY BETWEEN DEPTH OF DEMINERALIZATION
AND DEPTH OF INFILTRATION.
 DECREASE SHELF LIFE.
 INCOMPATIBLE WITH CHEMICAL CURE COMPOSITE.
 SELF ETCH ADHESIVES ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE DO NOT
ETCH AS EFFECIENTLY AS PHOSPHORIC ACID ESPECIALLY IF
THE ENAMEL HAS NOT BEEN INSTRUMENTED.

24. SEVENTH GENERATION
SELF ETCHING ADHESIVE
The etchant,primer & adhesive
resin are combined in one bottle .
Advantage:-
1. Lesser application time.
2. Decrease in errors with etch
step.

26. • iBond (heraeus kulzer)
• G bond ( GC )
• Xeno IV(dentsply)
• Clearfil S3(curare)
• Xeno v+

28.  Can be used with self-etch , selective-etch &
total_etch technique.
 Can be used with dual- cure , self-cure & light-cure
without need to separate activator.
 Can be used for both direct and indirect substrates.
 The adhesive MDP monomer contained in most
universal adhesives enables effective bonding to
calcium, dentin, enamel, zirconia and metal alloys

31. 1) The first universal adhesive has a 100% retention rate after three
years with a total-etch approach. Scotchbond Universal from 3M was
the first universal adhesive introduced. It has the 10 MDP Monomer.
2) Universal adhesives have a higher pH level than other adhesives,
Phosphoric acid etches enamel well and “enamel likes an aggressive
etch.”
3) The application techniques are simplified with universal adhesives.
4) curing light matters-a lot.
5) Universals are much more resistant to contamination than their
predecessors.
6) Universals have a separate bonding mechanism in addition to the
hybrid layer formation. All bonding agents create a hybrid layer
consisting of collagen encased adhesive but the US creating a
chemical bond from the 10 MDP monomers to the calcium in the
tooth. This makes the bond more durable-and getting more so all the
time.
7) Most universals bond well to zirconia.