its all about justic, its types in the light of Quran and Ahadees.

1. Group Name:
Jugnoo
Muhammad Fahad Saleem 1-FMS/BSAF/F15
Waseem Hassan 10-FMS/BSAF/F15
Topic:
Justice
Course Name:
Principals of Management
Presented to:
Yasir Kundi
International Islamic University Islamabad

3. 2 | Justice
Justice as a basic objective of Islam and a moral virtue and the standard of justice envisaged by the
Quran.
The Meaning of Justice:
In the Islamic worldview, justice denotes “placing things in their rightful place”. It also means “giving
others equal treatment”. In Islam, justice is also a moral virtue and an attribute of human personality, as it
is in the Western tradition. Justice is close to equality in the sense that it creates a state of equilibrium in
the distribution of rights and duties, but they are not identical.
“There are seven categories of people whom God will shelter under His shade on the Day
when there willbeno shade except His. [Oneis] the just leader.”(SaheehMuslim)
Types of Justicein management context(Three types):
1-Distributive justice
2-Procedural justice
3-Interactional justice
Distributive justice focuses on the fairness of organizational outcomes such as payment and promotion,
while procedural justice stresses the fairness of the process by which the outcomes are achieved, that is,
the fairness of mean sand procedures by which the decisions are made. The third construct,
interactional justice, concerns the interpersonal treatment individuals are given during the
implementation of procedures.
The Importance of Justice:
The Quran, the sacred scripture of Islam, considers justice to be a supreme virtue. It is a basic objective of
Islam to the degree that it stands next in order of priority to belief in God’s exclusive right to worship
(Tawheed) and the truth of Muhammad’s ‫ﷺ‬ Prophet hood. God declares in the Quran:
“God commandsjustice and fairdealing...” (Quran16:90)
Therefore, one may conclude that justice is an obligation of Islam and injustice is forbidden. The centrality
of justice to the Quranic value system is displayed by the following verse:
"We sent Our Messengers with clear signs and sent down with them the Book and the
Measure in order to establishjustice among the people…" (Quran 57:25)

4. 3 | Justice
Equality in Justice:
The Quranic standards of justice transcend considerations of race, religion, colour, and creed, as Muslims
are commanded to be just to their friends and foes alike, and to be just at all levels, as the Quran puts it:
“ O you who believe! Stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses to Allah, even if it be
against yourselves, your parents, and your relatives, or whether it is against the rich or
the poor...” (Quran 4:135)
Bright example of justice in Islam:
Umar (R.A), also spelled Omar (Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A), born c.583 CE – died 3 November 644
CE), was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He was a senior Sahaba of the
Islamic prophet Muhammad‫.ﷺ‬ He succeeded Abu Bakr (632–634) as the second caliph of the Rashidun
Caliphate on 23 August 634. He was an expert Islamic jurist known for his pious and just nature, which
earned him the epithet Al-Farooq ("the one who distinguishes between right and wrong")
He was the one for whom the Holy Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬ prayed for and said,
"May Allah bestow Islam with one Umar among two, either Umar Bin Hisham (Abu Jahl, father of
the ignorant) or Umar Bin Khattab."
The Holy prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬ said for him:
“If there were any prophet after me, he would be Umar". At another place He‫ﷺ‬ said, "I have four
ministers: two on earth, Abu Baker (R.A) and Umar (R.A); two in the heavens, Jibreel and Mekaeel
(Alaihi Salaam).
Hazrat Umar (R.A) in Management context:
Islam has given a method to hold consultation among the Muslims for administrating their affairs of Govt.
There is place and a very important one, for shura or counsel in the Quranicstate. Shura is one of the most
important institutions of Islam and regarded as source of expression of public opinion.
What is SHURA?
Shura is a body of representatives of Muslims community, who assemble for consultation with each other
to reach on a decision for running the business of Govt.
According to Quran:
Following verses of Holy Quran shows the importance of Shura system.
“And consult with them upon the conduct of affairs.”
“The affairs of state are run by their mutual consultation.”
(II) According to Ahadiths:
“Hazrat Abu Hurairah narrated the practice of the Holy ProphetMuhammad ‫ﷺ‬ “I have not seen anybody

5. 4 | Justice
who could excel the prophet in consultation from companinons.”
Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) says:
“I have not seena person consulting the people more than Holy Prophet Muhammad ‫.ﷺ‬ If Abu
Bakar (R.A) and Umar (R.A) got together on an opinion. He would not go against that.”
The government of Umar (R.A) was more or less a unitary government, where the sovereign political
authority was the caliph. The empire of Umar was divided into provinces and some autonomous territories
like in some regions Azerbaijan and Armenia that had accepted the suzerainty of the caliphate. The
provinces were administered by the provincial governors or Wali, the selection of which was made
personally by Umar, who was very fastidious in it. Provinces were further divided into districts; there were
about 100 districts in the empire. Each district or main city was under the charge of a junior governor or
Amir, usually appointed by Umar (R.A) himself, but occasionally they were also appointed by the
provincial governor. Other officers at the provincial level were:
1. Katib, the Chief Secretary.
2. Katib-ud-Diwan, the Military Secretary.
3. Sahib-ul-Kharaj, the Revenue Collector.
4. Sahib-ul-Ahdath, the Police chief.
5. Sahib-Bait-ul-Mal, the Treasury Officer.
6. Qadi, the Chief Judge.
Islam is a religion of justice. God has said:
“And act justly. Truly, God loves those who are just.” (Quran, 49:9)
Justice in management:
Administration of Justice if Islamic Manager implementing justice in society. People look upbeat system
and because the system is survive though this justice is unpleasant for some bodies but for general public is
pleasant and favourable. Imam Ali (A.S) considers people's rights a fair procedure and the task of
governing and in this regard states.
References:
1. http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/376/justice-in-islam/
2. http://www.islam-guide.com/ch3-12.htm
3. http://www.sci-int.com/pdf/15891429202611-2616%20%20HAMID%20SAREMI_2%20COMPOSED.pdf
4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227429289_The_impact_of_organizational_justice_on_work_performa
nce_Mediating_effects_of_organizational_commitment_and_leader-member_exchange