these slides are in detailed discussion on the khilfa system and democracy and also discuss the rulling system of pakistan.

1. Ruling system of Khilafah
vs.
Democracy
Taken from the literature of Hizb ut-Tahrir

2. Ideology: Creed and Systems
Systems
Creed
(Aqeeda)
Every Ideology has
a set of fundamental
concepts known as
“Creed” from which
specific Systems
emanate

3. Ideology: Creed and Systems
Economic
system
Economic
system
Judicial
system
Judicial
system
Foreign
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Social
system
Social
system
Education
Policy
Education
Policy
Ruling
system
Ruling
system
Creed
(Aqeeda)
Creed
(Aqeeda)
Systems emanating from
the Creed

4. Creed: A comprehensive idea about life and what is beyond it
After LifeMan, Life, UniverseBefore Life
Relationship
A comprehensive thought must answer following questions
What is man, life and the universe?
Where did life come from (What is before life)?
What happens after death (What is after life)?
What is man’s purpose in life (What is the relationship of this life with that which
preceded it)?
What is man’s motivation to fulfil his purpose in life (What is the relationship of this life
with whatever is after life)?
Relationship

5. Secularism
One can
believe in life(s)
after death
Man, Life, UniverseOne can believe
In a Creator(s)
Secularism professes the following concepts
Instead of arriving at a conclusion based on enlightened thinking regarding the existence of a
Creator, the idea of secularism advocates a compromise. Hence one can believe in the existence
of a Creator and the Hereafter if he wants or reject it altogether.
They refuse to accept any role of the “Creator” in life affairs even if He exists.
Man’s purpose in life, his motivation to carry out actions, his behaviour with others and himself
would be defined by man himself rather than the Creator.
The people’s representatives would decide, based on majority, as to how the society should
organize its affairs; how should people carry out economic, ruling and social transactions etc.
Lawmakers should legislate upholding freedom, equalities and national interest.

6. Capitalist Framework
Secularism
Freedoms & Equalities Morality Interest & benefit
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Majority

7. Islamic Aqeedah
Day of Judgment
Heaven, Hell
Man, Life, UniverseAllah
Accountability
Commands of Allah
 Islamic Aqeedah is based on enlightened thought
Islam requires its followers to answer these basic questions using ration and intellect.
Hence the existence of the creator is proven with definite evidence, so is the proof of Qur’an
being the word of the Creator. Messengership of Muhammad (saw) follows from the proof of
Qur’an
According to Islamic Aqeedah Allah has given us clear guidance as to what is Man’s purpose of
Life and what should be his motivation to fulfil it. Man’s purpose in life is to worship Allah by
following His commands in all aspects of life.
Man’s motivation to follow Allah’s commands is the knowledge that he would be accounted on
the Day of Judgement. A Muslim seeks the pleasure of Allah and strives for eternal paradise
whilst saving himself from Allah’s displeasure and Hellfire.

8. Islam: Extracting Systems from Creed
Aqeedah
Qur’an Sunnah Ijma us-Sahaba Qiyas
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Ijtihad
(Only for Zanni text)

9. Ideology: Creed and Systems
Khilafah Capitalism
Islam obliges the Muslim to use his mind
to believe in Allah and forbids imitation in
Aqeedah.
Islam calls to look deeply in the universe
to understand its law and to be guided to
the belief in the existence of a Creator 1
Secularism is not based on mind rather it is
built on a compromise between the Clergy and
the Philosophers
Instead of coming up with a rationally correct
conclusion of the questions secularism compels
man not to discuss the issue that if there is a
Creator and does He have any relationship with
this life, rather settles it by finding a middle
path in the form of a compromised solution
Hence Islam trains a Muslim to always look for the correct solution irrespective of the odds
against him and not to compromise on principles for perceived worldly benefits. This produces
a society with high moral values seeking the truth (Haq)
Capitalism guides its adherents to seek a compromised solution in their life’s affairs as well,
rather than the correct solution. This is why we hear quite frequently the phrase “lesser of the
two evils” in all Capitalist states.
The correctness of any Ideology is gauged by it’s creed since it the creed from which all the
systems emanate and it is the creed which provides the intellectual basis on which all thoughts
are build. Islamic Aqeedah is the only correct creed since it is the only creed which convinces
the mind

10. Progress: The relationship of Creed and Systems
Current System:
•Interest is allowed
•Insurance is legal
•Constitution protects “freedoms”
•National Interest supersede
Allah’s ahkam
Creed:
•Interest is Haram
•Insurance is Haram
•People are not free,
they are slaves of Allah
•Allah’s ahkam set our
National interests
For any nation to progress she has to
implement a system which is in harmony
with their fundamental beliefs and
concepts i.e. her Creed
Pakistan is implementing a system
which is in conflict with the creed of the
overwhelming majority
Hence a sizeable cross-section of the
society refrain from participating in the
system deeming it contradictory to the
Ahkam of Islam, which results in the
weak implementation of system

11. Putting Pakistan on the road of progress
There are two possible ways to put Pakistan on the path of progress:
Option 1: People change their Aqeedah (Creed)
The people should become secular in their belief and implement the capitalist system
in its entirety, without any reservation or holding back
Option 2: People should implement a different system
A system that exclusively emanates from their aqeedah, upon whose implementation
they do not feel any emotional or religious resistance within themselves and whose
protection they will consider a part of their aqeedah.
Option 1, doesn’t seem to be a practical and possible option. It is highly un-likely
that people in an overwhelming majority would leave their aqeedah when they
know that their belief is the correct one
Only the second option is a workable solution since Islamic aqeedah dose give rise
to a system.
Hence progress cannot occur until we implement a system completely emanating
from the sources of Shari’ah

12. Adopting from other Ideologies and Civilizations]
There is a difference between the thoughts related to Aqeedah matters i.e.
doctrines and Shari’ah rules, and the thoughts related to sciences, techniques,
industries and the like
We are not allowed to take Aqeedah matters as well as laws and principles related
to systems and view point towards life from any other system, ideology or
civilization. Thoughts such as democracy, privatization of public resources,
freedom of expression etc are not to be taken as Allah has given us clear and
precise Shari’ah rules in all the above matters.
We can adopt administrative means and styles as Umar (ra) adopted the system of
Diwan from the Romans
We are allowed to adopt and learn anything related to science and technology or
use tangible objects such as tanks, airplanes etc. as long as it doesn’t contradict
Shai’ah rules

13. Ruling System
(Nidham ul Hukm fil Islam)

14. Monarchical
 Ruling is not hereditary and Khaleefah is chosen by Muslims
 Khaleefah has no special privileges
 The Khaleefah is accountable and can be punished by law if found guilty
 He is not the symbol of the Ummah where he owns and does not rule nor is he a symbol
who rules and runs the affairs of the people and country as he pleases.
 He is not the source of legislation rather he has to implement Shari’ah whether he likes
it or not
Republican:
 The Sovereignty belong to the Shara’ not the Ummah
 Neither the Ummah nor the Khaleefah has the right to legislate
 The Khaleefah is bound to adopt rules for the constitution and cannons that are
extracted from Qur’an and Sunnah
 Though Ummah has the right to elect the Khaleefah but they do not have the right to
remove him as long as he implements Shara’.
 The system does not determine the Khaleefah’s term of office. This is rather determined
by his implementation of Shar’a.
Ruling System:
What Islamic ruling system is not:

15. Imperial:
 Each region is considered an indivisible part of the State.
 Ruling authority and systems are same for all regions
 Same laws for all citizens throughout the state with no distinction of race, language
or creed. Non-Muslim citizens has the full rights and duties that a Muslim citizens
has.
 It does not make the regions under its rule into colonies, areas of exploitation, nor a
source of wealth funneled back into the central region for it’s own benefit. It is for
this reason that the areas outside Hijaz flourished and became centers of learning,
trade and enlightenment unlike the colonies of the west during the colonization
period.
Federal:
 Shape of ruling is that of unitary not federal. The Wilayat have no autonomy in
ruling, economy, military or so like whatsoever
 Funds are spend equally on subjects of Wilayat, regardless of their Wilayah
 The Khaleefah is the one who appoints army commanders, the Wulah, rulers, finance
and economy officials, judges and everyone whose duty is to rule
Ruling System:
What Islamic ruling system is not:

16. Ruling System:
The distinguishing feature of any Ruling System
Ruling system
Who appoints
and removes
the ruler ?
Who legislates
and
Makes decision?

17. Ruling System:
Decision making in a Home
1
Should the children
Drink alcohol
In a Home
2
Which Cardiologist
should we visit
3
Where should the
family go for
recreation during
summer vacation

18. Ruling System:
Decision making in a Home
Question # 1: The matter is not up for debate or discussion. Allah has already decreed
alcohol to be Haram. Hence it is unlawful for the father to ask family members opinion for
allowing or disallowing it
Question # 2: The father can take suggestions from the members of the family who are
knowledgeable as Allah has made this matter Mubah for us to chose. Hence the father can
take suggestions from his Doctor son or her educated daughter. But he would avoid
discussing the matter with his un-educated son or his young child who don’t have
substantial knowledge in the issue. After this consultation he reserves the right to make a
decision what he feel is good for the family
Question # 3: In this matter the father can have a voting and follow the majority decision.
As every member is capable of making this simple decision and Allah has allowed Muslims
to chose any halal recreation

19. Ruling System:
Decision making in a State
Legislative Decision
Making
Mubah Issues
Mubah Issues
in which Ummah’s
representatives
are generally
knowledgeable
Mubah Issues
which
need expertise
and insight
In a State

20. Ruling System:
Decision making in a State
Should Oil and gas
wells be privatized
Administrative Laws
and
Implementation details
Should the Nuclear
reactor be built
at Chashma
Should the state
first build motorway
or fix the
sewage system
In a State

21. Ruling System:
Legislative Decision making
Khilafah Democracy
No one is allowed to legislate except Allah:
Allah’s laws are automatically the law of
the land.
Majority endorsement not required.
 Khaleefah does not have any choice but
to implement these laws extracted
through the process of Ijtihad.
The Khaleefah’s personal choice or the
whims of the majority of the Majlis-e-
Ummah bears no weight in the process of
Ijtehad.
The people are the origin of the Law
Will of the majority prevails e.g.
Hudood Amendment bill etc.
For implementation of Shari’ah, Allah’s
laws are to be produced before the
representatives in the form of a bill who
have the choice to accept or reject.
Practically Creator’s laws need
approval of the creation to become the
law of the land. Hence we hear
terminologies such as ‘Shari’ah bill’
etc.

22. Ruling System:
Source of Legislation
Khilafah Democracy
1) Qur’an
2) Sunnah
3) Ijma’ as-Sahaba and
4) Qiyas
are the only sources of legislation.
It is the responsibility of the State to prove
that they have adopting laws from none other
than the Shari’ah sources.
No law can be taken from any other system or
creed since Islam is not silent on any issue
dealing with human relationships and society.
These laws pertain to all systems such as
Economic, Ruling, Social, Education, Judicial
and Foreign Policy.
Human mind, freedoms, Human Rights and
“national interest” and not Islam are the
sources of legislation.
 The parliament has the authority to make
laws from any source or adopt it from any
creed.
It is the responsibility of the people and
Islamic Ideological Council to waste time in
proving the contradiction with Islam.
Furthermore, council’s decisions are not
binding.
Precious time is wasted in showing contradiction with Islam such as in the Riba case.
Gives rise to a system full of contradicting laws emanated from various creeds and system. Such
as blasphemy laws and freedom of expression, Sharia Courts and “non-Sharia” courts, Islamic
provisions and “non-Islamic provisions” etc.

23. Ruling System:
Islam has legislated laws organise man’s three relationships
Creator
Man Man
Ibadat
Muamilat
Akhlaq
Laws related to organizing Man’s
three relationships are not up for
debate or discussion
Man with Creator
Man with Man
Man with himself

24. Relationship with the Creator
Creator
Man
Ibadat
 Praying
 Fasting
 Hajj
 Zakat
 Tahajud
 Recitation of Qur’an
 Nawafil

25. Relationship with other Human Beings
 Husband and wife (Nikah)
 Buyer and seller
 Ruler and Ruled
 Ahkamaat related to Partnership
 Prohibition of forcibly converting
non-Muslims
 Not killing women and children
during Jihad
 Pacts and treaties
 Prohibition of owning public
property
 Taxation
 Dress Code in public
 Rules related to inheritance and
Custody
Man Man
Mu’amilat
(In private and in Public)

26. Relationship with oneself
 Personal Cleanliness
 Rulers related to Clothing
 Ahkam related to foodstuff
 The way to cut ones nails, hair etc.
 Putting on perfume
 Akhlaq (Harsh, Proud, Humble)
 Honesty
 Being careless or responsible
Rules related to Akhlaq
and other personal issues
Man
Akhlaq

27. Ruling System:
Islamic Framework
Aqeedah
Qur’an Sunnah Ijma us-Sahaba Qiyas
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Ijtihad
(Only for Zanni text)

28. Secularism
Freedoms & Equalities Morality Interest & benefit
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Majority
Ruling System:
Capitalist Framework

29. Ruling System:
Democracy is in contradiction with Islam
Democracy and Khilafah are in contradiction in terms of :
 Source of Legislation
Democracy: Human mind (Freedoms, Moralities, Equalitities)
Khilafah: Devine Revelation (Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma’, Qiyas)
 Process of Legislation
Democracy: Majority
Khilafah: Looking for the strongest Daleel through the process of Ijtehad
Mind can never give a system which could organize man’s relationships correctly:
 Man and his Creator
 Husband and Wife
 Father and Son
 Sister and Brother
 Ruler and the ruled
 Ruler and minorities
 Balance between man/woman rights and responsibilities

30. Ruling System:
Islamic Democracy: The biggest hurdle in implementing Islam
No law is enacted even in an “Islamic Democracy” without the consent of the majority.
Hence Allah’s Hukam becomes law of the land subject to the endorsement of the 51%
Riba is legal in Pakistan even though there is a clear Hukam of Allah just because the
legislators in the parliament have not made it Haram. This shows who has the sovereignty
in Pakistan’s constitution
Voting on a Hukam of Allah to accept or reject it as being the law of the land, is absolutely
HARAM. This process gives man the right to say “Yes” or “No” to Allah’s Hukam whilst a
Muslims doesn’t have any right to have any say once Allah has legislated a matter
It is not fitting for a Believer, men or women, when a matter has been decided by Allah
and His Messenger to have any option about their decision

31. Ruling System:
Pakistan’s Constitution is a Secular Constitution
Article 227 of 1973 Constitution of Pakistan which is sited to prove that this Constitution is
Islamic, states: “No Law shall be enacted which is repugnant to such injunctions [i.e. Islamic
injunctions]“
Afghanistan and Iraqi constitution, which is drafted by none other than the Americans
themselves, have articles very similar to the article quoted above:
 "no law can be contrary to the sacred religion of Islam" (Afghanistan’s Constitution:
Article 3)
 "No law that contradicts the established provisions of Islam may be established" (Iraq's
Constitution: Section One, Article 2(A) )
US added these articles to deceive the sincere elements in the legal jargons, knowing fully well
that this article will not give rise to Islamic legislation
The above articles are completely un-Islamic. As all of them allow the parliamentarians to
enact laws from other other than Qur’an and Sunnah and do not restrict them only to Shari’
sources. Hence it is up to the people to prove whether these are repugnance to Islam or not.
The correct legal clause should be: "Legislation cannot be taken from any source other than
Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma-e-Sahaba and Qiyas"

32. Ruling System:
Administrative Laws and Implementation details
Khilafah Democracy
A) Mubah Issues about which Ummah is generally
knowledgeable and expert opinion is not needed:
Majority opinion of the representatives of the Ummah
is binding on the Khaleefah.
B) Mubah Issues which needs expertise and insight:
After consultations with the experts and people of
insight Khaleefah makes the final decision. He is not
bound by the majority opinion of the experts rather he
would look for the strongest opinion. For example to
deal with water crisis, should the government build
four small water dams or just one big dam.
 The representatives of the Ummah can account
him and ask for justification.
A) Mubah Issues about which Ummah is
generally knowledgeable:
People’s representatives to decide what is
good for them.
B) Mubah Issues which needs expertise and
insight:
The Cabinet makes strategic decisions but
the parliament has the right to overrule
them by voting against it.
Taking majority opinion who are not experts in the issue is senseless
Matters concerning the well being of the whole society needing technical expertise couldn’t be
politicised by manipulating the ignorance of the common people

33. Decision making in Khilafah
Decision making
Legislative
Mubah
(General issues)
Mubah
(needing expertise)
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Khaleefah
is final
authority
after
discussing
with
experts
People
Through their
representatives
decide based on
majority
Allah’s Ahkam
Are implemented
derived from the
sources, Qur’an,
Sunnah, Ijma us
Sahaba
Qiyas
Ruling System:

34. Decision making in Autocracy
(dictatorship of an individual)
Decision making
Legislative
Mubah
(General issues)
Mubah
(needing expertise)
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
The ruler
The ruler
The ruler
Ruling System:

35. Decision making in Democracy
(dictatorship of an elite group)
Decision making
Legislative
Mubah
(General issues)
Mubah
(needing expertise)
Economic Ruling Social Judicial
Education
Policy
Foreign
Policy
Elite Group
Elite Group
Elite Group
Ruling System:

36. Ruling System:
Comparison: Ummah Council vs. the Parliament
Khilafah Democracy
Does not have the right to legislate
The majority opinion when sought in non-technical issues is
binding such as matters related to ruling, economy, education
etc
There opinion regarding intellectual matters that require
investigation and scrutiny is not binding, such as the technical
and the financial matters together with the affairs of the armed
forces and foreign policy.
Accounts the ruler in all matters
The majority can revoke an already taken decision or step
where UC opinion was binding e.g. ruling, education,
domestic affairs etc.
UC can discuss and guide the Khaleefah in issues related to
foreign affairs and technical matters but their majority
opinion cannot revoke Khaleefah’s decision.
Qazi Mazalim settles the difference between Khaleefah and UC
over these issues. Its verdict on the matter is binding.
Legislate laws for all the people
Accounts the ruler in all matters
Majority is authority and hence is
implemented

37. Ruling System:
Implications
Real representation is only possible in the Khilafah
Rule of Law only possible in the Khilafah
Corruption: An inherent feature of Democracy
Democracy leaves the door open for foreign influence in the Political and Ruling
system
Islam protects minority rights while democracy leaves it to the whims of the
majority

38. Ruling System:
Real representation only Possible in Khilafah
Khilafah Democracy
The real representation can only happen in the
Khilafah
Since the elected representatives of the
Ummah council do not have any powers to
legislate and nor do they have the
blackmailing card of ejecting the Khaleefah at
their will. They also don’t get legalized bribes
in the form of “developmental budget”. This
makes the post unattractive for the corrupt and
the selfish. They find no reason to “invest”
millions of rupees in election campaigns to
“represent” the poor people
Hence the representative post is not a ruling or
a legislative post rather their job is to only
account the ruler and convey the
grievances/suggestions of the people to the
Khaleefah
Real representation is not possible in
democratic system
 The process of law making gives
parliamentarians the authority to make
laws to protect their personal interests
rather than the interests of the people
whom they are supposed to represent. It
is for this reason they increase their pay
almost every year while the masses
starve.

39. Ruling System:
Rule of Law only possible under Khilafah
Khilafah Democracy
As the Khaleefah cannot change the laws he
cannot make himself above the law
In our history there have been numerous
incidents where the Khaleefah or his son
were summoned to the court and judge
passed judgment against them
Khaleefah cannot change the judge if he is
hearing a case against the Khaleefah
In democracy laws are legislated to protect
the elite from even being summoned to the
court
 According to the Article 248 of the
Pakistani constitution President, PM, Chief
Minister and governors cannot be
summoned to court in connection to their
responsibilities
Recently Bush has passed a law according to
which investigators and the government
cannot be legally sued by detainees abducted
under terrorism allegations

40. Ruling System:
Corruption: An inherent feature of Democracy
In Democracy corrupt are attracted towards politics like the bees are attracted
towards nectar
 “Professional politicians” invest millions of rupees in elections and rear “Ghundas”, to
keep sincere people out of the political arena
 The corrupt know that the only way to protect themselves is to be in the ruling post and
legislate laws which will legalize their corruption
 People’s taxes and lives are used to secure the interests of the corrupted elite, as was
done by the oil lobby in the Iraq and Afghan wars recently
In Khilafah the corrupt have almost no incentive to join the political medium
 “Professional politicians” find no reason to invest millions as they cannot legislate laws
to their benefit or influence the Khaleefah with vote of no-confidence
 Members of Majlis-e-Ummah are not rulers hence they get no “developmental budget”
 As a result Political system gets cleaned from corrupt people

41. Ruling System:
Influence of foreign powers in the Political system
Khilafah Democracy
Since in the Khilafah, even the Khaleefah has
no right to change Allah’s laws or go against
them, therefore colonialist find no advantage
in pressurising him in doing something for
which he has no powers
 Khaleefah Abdul Hameed’s response to Lord
Herzal is best example
Hence by taking the right of “legislatioin”
away from man Allah has actually relived
man from such types of foreign pressures.
Hence Multinational companies or powerful
lobbies cannot pressurise the Khaleefah as he
has no powers to legislate laws in their favour
Hence the Khilafah System ties the hands of
the Khaleefah so much so that even an agent
Khaleefah cannot hurt the Muslims they way
an agent ruler in a dictatorship or democracy
can hurt the masses
Whenever man will be source of legislation
foreign powers will try to influence him and
make laws in their favour
Colonialist forces pressurise an individual
in a dictatorship and an elite group in a
democracy to make laws for their interests
Musharraf was asked if he is with the US or
against them. He supported the US to kill
Muslims of Afghanistan. And then under
democracy the parliament passed 17th
Amendment to legalize all the Haram
actions done by Musharraf such as giving
US bases, providing them with logistic
support, handing away 500+ Muslims to the
US etc.
PM could be dictated by pressure groups,
multinational Comps., IMF, WB and will be
under pressure from people’s desires, not
from Allah’s Ahkam
Dictatorship and Democracy are two sides
of the same coin

42. Ruling System:
Minority rights
In democracy as the legislation belongs to the people hence the majority can curtailing rights
of the minorities whenever they wish:
 US Patriot Law (anybody can be thrown in jail by simply labelling him as terrorists)
 Women are not allowed to wear Hijab in public school
 In Holland face covering in public place is illegal
 In Britain a person can be detained for about a month without providing any proof
 Nobody can file a law suite against US authorities if detained under certain terror law
 Free World’s glairing example of liberty and civil rights: Guantanamo Bay
In Khilafah, since man doesn’t legislate hence it is not up to the Khaleefah or the majority of
the representatives to abrogate or suspend the rights of the citizens no matter which political
group, ethnicity, religion or gender he belongs to
Hence the rights of the non-Muslim citizens are set on stone and nobody can change them. It
was for this reason we still find millions of Christian and Jews living in the Muslim world
where Muslims have ruled for Centuries. But one cannot find a single indigenous Muslim of
Andalusia (Spain)
 Christian citizen of the Khilafah fought along side Muslim armies against the Crusaders
as they were happy under Muslim just rule

43. Ruling System:
Difference of Opinion and How to resolve it
Khilafah Democracy
In Qur’an and Sunnah there are two types of texts.
 Qatai (definitive-no two interpretation)
 Zanni (Ijtehad is needed to arrive at the Hukam of Allah)
Only in Zanni text one can have difference of opinion. Muslims are allowed
to follow any valid Ijtehad whether they do it themselves, if they are
capable, or follow any Mujtahid.
Khaleefah adopts the strongest Ijtehad and implements it over all the people
in societal or system related issues such as:
 Economic, ruling, social, education, Judicial systems and foreign policy
 Some other issues such as Zakat, Jihad etc
Islam obliges Muslims to obey the ruler leaving their own Ijtehad in these
issues. Hence the sharai’ principle ‘ruling of the Imam alleviates the
difference of opinion’ is accepted by old and new scholars alike.
Difference of
opinions are
resolved based on
Majority of the
legislatures. It is
not the people’s
majority as it
happened in the
Iraq crisis in
various western
countries.
There is not much difference among various school of thoughts as for the systems of the state are
concerned. Everyone consider Riba, obscenity as haram, amputating thief's hands as Fard, guarating
basic needs as obligatory etc.
Any shade of Islam would be much more acceptable for Muslims than the kufr being implemented
today in the form of Capitalist system

44. Ruling System:
The distinguishing feature of any Ruling System
Ruling system
Who appoints
and removes
the ruler ?
Who legislates
and
Makes decision?

45. Ruling System:
Appointment of the Ruler
Khilafah Democracy
Khaleefah must have seven conditions
Muslim
Sane
Free
Male
Mature (Baligh)
Adl (opposite of fasiq)
Is capable of ruling (Qadir)
The Khaleefah is appointed either by the
people directly or through their
representatives
The ruler should have qualification as
pronounced by article 62 & 63 of the
constitution
Muslim
Mature
Graduate
Good Muslim etc.
People elect the parliament which in turn
elects the Prime Minister through voting

46. Ruling System:
Appointment of the Ruler
Khilafah
Mahkamat ul-Mazalim will short list the nominees taking into account the basic
contractual conditions for being a Khaleefah
The Majlis-e-Ummah, in its capacity as the representative of the Ummah, will short lists
the nominees twice: first to six and then to two nominees. This will be done after receiving
the list of nominees from the Mahkamat ul-Mazalim.
The Muslim members of the Majlis-e-Ummah will vote on the two candidates to elect one
for the post of the Khaleefah
All the members of the Majils-e-Ummah will give the contractual Baya’a to the person
getting maximum votes. It is due to this Baya’a the elected person becomes the Khaleefah
of all the Muslims of the world.
The Muslims in general will give the Baya'a of obedience to the contracted Khaleefah as
long as he acts according to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger.

47. Ruling System:
Time duration of the Ruler
Khilafah Democracy
Like marriage and financial contracts,
Khilafah contract is also not time-
bound.
He is elected for a limited time of 5
years
Khilafah contract is between the
Ummah and the Khalifah for ruling
over the people according to Islam.
Hence as long as he fulfils these
conditions he will continue to be a
Khalifah.
Needs people’s endorsement in the
form of re-election to continue his
rule
The duration could be even reduced
through a no confidence vote which
the representatives can carry out any
time purely on their whims and
desires
The pertinent question to be asked is; After all why does a good rulers should
rule only just for five years and a bad rulers should stay for five long years?
The secular democracy can not develop such a mechanism as they have no
divinely revealed fixed and absolute criteria's for all what is good and all what is
bad for humanity.

48. Ruling System:
Impeachment of the Ruler
Khilafah Democracy
Khaleefah can be impeached anytime by
the courts if he implements Kufr or fails to
fulfil his contractual conditions
- Capability to rule - Male
- Adl (not fasiq) -
Sane
- Muslim - Free
- Mature
The Parliament can kick PM out of the
office by passing a “No Confidence” vote.
The ruler continues to be a ruler even
though he fails to implement Islam or fulfil
his election promises as long as he is
keeping the parliamentarians happy
He may be impeached even though if he is
a good ruler, if the parliamentarians don’t
like his policies
If the courts fail to do so then the Ummah
should gather strength in order to impeach
him by force.
No such provision in this system
Khilafah is a much stable Political system, whereas in Democracy political instability is
created through Vote of No-Confidence, horse trading etc.
PM’s primary concern is to keep the parliamentarians and pressure groups happy rather
than Allah
Legalised bribery is introduced to forge stability, such as awarding ministries to “forward
blocks”, allocation of funds etc.
Khilafah's only concern would be to implement Islam and make sure that he fulfils his
contractual conditions

49. Ruling System:
Accountability of the ruler
Khilafah Democracy
Peaceful
Individual
Group (Political Party)
Majlis-e-Ummah
Qadi Mazzalim
Peaceful
individual
Group (Political Party)
Parliament
Courts
Fighting with Sword (material force)
The whole Ummah is obliged to fight
him with sword (material force) if he
rules with clear kufr for which there is
not even a weak daleel from Qur’an and
Sunnah
With Sword (material force)
No such concept
This physical use of force keeps the ruler in check from implementing Kufr.
In the 1300 years of Khilafah’s history we have had Khulafaa who did Zulm but
accountability was so thorough that even these rulers were not able to change the law of the
land and implement Kufr and rule by other than Islam.

50. Ruling System:
Accountability of the ruler

51. Ruling System:
Accountability of the ruler

52. Ruling System:
Severity of the accountability
Khilafah Democracy
Accountability is fard on the Ummah as
“Nahi anil Munkar”
1
All the political parties in Khilafah are
working to put Khalifah in check for
implementation of Islam and act as a
vanguard of Islam over Khalifah.
People have the option to either account the
ruler or chose to keep quite under the
pretext of freedom of expression
There are ruling and opposition parties both
securing there personal and group interests.
This religious obligation makes accountability in Khilafah stronger than democracy

53. Ruling System:
Implications
Better accountability in Khilafah system than Democracy
Democracy: Blackmailing, Horse-Trading, Maintains the Status quo
Khilafah is a more stable System than Democracy
Provincialism and Ethnic rivalries are an integral part of a Democratic system

54. Ruling System:
Accounting far stronger in Khilafah than Democracy
Accounting is an obligation in Islam (Amr bil Ma’roof and Nahhi unil Munkar)
In Islam accounting is an obligation. Even if it is dangerous a Muslim has to account the ruler
In democracy accounting is a right and it is up to the people to account or keep quiet if it is dangerous
People could be bared from accounting
In Democracy government can legislate laws to stops people from various cross-sections of the society
from accounting the rulers such as Civil servants, Army officials, students etc.
In Khilafah this cannot happen as Allah has ordained every individual of the society to under take “Amr
bil Ma’roof and Nahhi unil Munkar”.
In democracy judiciary could be bared from accounting
In democracy laws can be enacted which can stop the judges and the common people from taking the
government to court. One such law was the 17th
Amendment under which no court can hear a case
challenging Musharraf’s conniving with the US in killing Muslims of Afghanistan as well as handing
over of more than 500 Muslims to the US.
Under Article 248 of the Pakistani Constitution President, PM, Governors, Chief Ministers cannot be
brought to court in connection with their responsibilities
Accounting will based on Islam not people’s whims and desires
In Khilafah the criteria of accounting is Islamic laws but in democracy the members of the parliament can
eject the rulers purely based on their whims and desires even if the ruler is good
Accounting with sword
In Khilafah if the Khaleefah implements Kufr then he must be stopped through peaceful means such as
verbal accounting and judiciary. But if he fails to stop then he must be fought and removed from this
post. This is the strongest form of accounting which doesn’t exist in democracy.
In Democracy if the ruler is violating the constitution and the judiciary cannot stop him the people have
no option but to wait until his term passes provided he doesn’t get himself re-elected as was the case with
Musharraf. Hence in all practical terms people have no way to stop this Munkar (vice)

55. Ruling System:
Blackmailing, Horse-Trading and Maintaining of the Status quo
Vote of No-Confidence gives rise to various problems:
 Leg-pulling and negative politics where the people are the really victims
 Blackmailing by pressure groups and lobbies specially when the government is formed
through collation. A minority starts dictating the Majority
 Legalized corruption and Horse-Trading
Government resorts to Horse-Trading and legalized bribery such as “developmental budget”
for the MNAs in order to keep its majority in the parliament
 Ties the hand of a good ruler and maintains the status quo
As an example, a good ruler cannot dare implement Islamic laws related to Agricultural land
which will distribute land properly as he runs the risk of vote of No-Confidence from the
Jageerdars (big landlords) present in the parliament.
Hence anything challenging the status quo would be checked by these “elite group” already
present in the parliament
 Gives rise to a very unstable system in which the ruler’s primary focus shifts to
protecting his rule by keeping the majority in the parliament happy rather than
implementing Islam or taking care of the affairs of the people
 PM will be under pressure from people’s desires, not from Allah’s Ahkam

56. Ruling System:
Khilafah is a more stable System than Democracy
In Khilafah, the representatives do not have the dictatorial powers to remove the
Khaleefah and he continues to be the Khaleefah as long as he implements Islam and
fulfils his contractual conditions. As a result:
 Khaleefah cannot be blackmailed or pressurised
 Khaleefah doesn’t need to bribe the representatives to keep the majority
 No Leg-pulling or destabilizing politics as long Islam is being implemented
 Liberates the Khaleefah to implement Islam and not the whims and desires of the people
If the Khaleefah fails to implement Islam and tries to become a legislator
(dictator) he is impeached. If the judiciary fails to impeach him then it is the
responsibility of the people to bring him down physically even if they have to
fight him and his followers
Due to the above reasons Khilafah is far more stable system than Democracy

57. Ruling System:
Provincialism and Ethnic rivalries
In Democracy the limited term of the ruler gives rise to provincialism and ethnic
divisions
 When the ruler knows that he has to go for re-election this produces, in his mind, undue
importance of the majority and insignificance for the minority
 Hence through out their rule they tend to favour the majority over the minority, giving
rise to provincial disharmony and ethnic divide
In Khilafah since the representatives can’t terrorize the Khaleefah by vote of No-
confidence and he doesn’t have to go for re-election every 5 years, he is under no
pressure from the majority areas to prefer them on the cost of minority area.
This produces equality amongst the people of all the provinces and ethnic groups in
the eyes of the Khaleefah. He knows that as long as he implements Islam and fulfils
the basic needs of all the citizens of the Khilafah he will continue to be the
Khaleefah
It is for this reason that there has never been ethnic or cultural divide amongst the
Muslims accept the later part of the Othmani Khilafah in which colonialist played a
major role in inflaming nationalism

58. Important features of the Political Structure

59. Ruling System:
Political Structure
Khilafah Democracy
Centralized Ruling
The Islamic political system is neither a
federation nor a confederation of states.
Rather, its authority is centralized
making it one entity with a central
leadership
The authority of the Khaleefah cannot
be distributed among a council or a
Shura as some suggest
De-centralized Administration
Wali’s
Aamil’s
De-centralized Ruling
President
Prime Minister
Cabinet
Legislative Assembly
Provincial Autonomy
De-centralized Administration
Provincial Govts.
Local Govts.
Accountability much stronger in Khilafah than in Democracy
Since the ruling is centralised hence Khaleefah can’t brush away criticism by playing
helpless and powerless as happens in Democracy. Everybody points a finger at each
other, hence people can’t pin anybody down to fix a problem. Federal Govt points to the
Provincial Govt. and vice versa.

60. Ruling System:
One State for Muslims or Multiple Nation states
Khilafah Democracy
Single State
 One Ameer al Momineen, (Khaleefah,
Imam) for all the Muslims.
 It is not allowed for the Muslims to be
divided into statelets 2
Multiple Nation States
 Conflicting “National Interests” of
different countries is hampering the
unified approach of the Muslim Ummah
Khilafah produces political unity among the Muslims.
It is only because of Nation State concept Muslim land, armies and resources are used against
fellow Muslims.

61. Ruling System:
Political Structure
Khilafah Democracy
Institutions of Khilafah system
Khaleefah
Muawin Tafweedh (Delegated Assistant)
Muawin Tanfeez (Executive Assistant)
Walies (Governors)
Ameer ul Jihad
Internal Security
The foreign affairs
Industry
The Judiciary
The administration system (the people’s
affairs)
Bait ul-mal (the state treasury)
Media
Majlis al-Ummah
Institutions of Parliamentary Democracy
Executive
Prime Minister
Cabinet
Governors
Civil Servants & Bureaucracy
Legislature
National Assembly
Senate
Judiciary

62. Ruling System:
Political Hierarchy (Flow Chart)
Khaleefah
• Elected directly by the Ummah
Or
• By Muslim members of
Majlis-e-Ummah
Ameer
Al-Jihad
Judiciary
Delegated
Assistant
• Has all powers
of ruling like
the Khaleefah
• Has to report
to Khaleefah
after taking an
action.
• His ruling can
not contradict
the adoption of
Khaleefah
• Only has
executive
powers
• No ruling
powers
• Implements
rulings of the
Khaleefah and
brings him
feedback from
the Ummah
Executive
Assistant
The State
Departments
• Three types of
qadies, Qadhi
Aam, Qadhi
Mohtasib, Qadhi
Mazalim
• Qadhi Mazalim
can impeach the
Khaleefah.
During the
hearing the
Khaleefah
cannot remove
the Qadhi
Governors
• Appointed by
the Khaleefah
• Assists the
Khaleefah in
ruling and
implementing
Islam in the
province
• Distributes
income to
public and
collects funds
for the State
• A body of the
people which
executes the
Islamic State’s
orders
• Motor vehicle
dept.
• Zakah
Collection
dept.
• Marriage and
divorce dept.
• And others
Majlis-e-Ummah
• Elected by the people to represent them
• Short lists nominees for Khaleefah
• Scrutinize newly adopted laws and decision of
the Khaleefah
• Make the Khaleefah change the Walies
All
Citizens of
Khilafah
Internal
Security
Industry
• Police and
other law
enforcing
agencies
• Heads the
military
• Responsibl
e for their
training
• Heavy
Industry
geared
towards
supporting
Jihad.
Muslim citizens
Elect the Khaleefah

63. Ruling System:
Political Environment
Khilafah Democracy
Islam obliges every individual to be
politically aware. This produces a
political environment which keeps the
ruler in check.
It is achieved through following means
Multiple Political parties
Media
Education system
Nobody is barred from political
activity
Nobody is allowed to make parties or
organizations from basis other than
Islam
In democracy one is not obliged to be
politically aware.
Certain cross-sections are prohibited
from participating in Politics
All civil servants
Students
Teachers

64. Ruling System:
Rules regarding Political Parties
Khilafah Democracy
No permission required to establish political parties, rather
it is Fard Kafaya to establish it
There is no such thing as ruling party or opposition party
Every political party gives allegiance to the Khaleefah and
is required to obey him in private and public as long as he
rules by Islam.
Every party has the right to voice her opinion and work to
build public opinion for it
It is obligated (Fard) for every political party to account the
ruler and build awareness and build public opinion against
the unjust acts of the ruler
Political parties are not allowed to destabilise or weaken
the authority of the Khaleefah as long as he is
implementing Islam
Political parties are responsible in maintaining public
opinion for the implementation of Islam and strengthening
the system
There is a ruling
party/coalition and an
opposition.
The opposition works to
remove the government
through constitutional
means i.e. No-confidence
vote, or extra-constitutional
means like agitation, civil
disobedience, strikes.
Political party may account
the ruler or chose to keep
quiet under the principal of
“freedom of expression”

65. Ruling System:
Islam forbids a Police State
Khilafah Democracy
Islam forbids harming the Muslims and
spying on them
Pakistani Police is known for its torture
There are number of Pakistani agencies
monitoring Muslims day in day out
Obedience to the Muslim ruler who governs
with Islam is compulsory
There is no obedience in sin
Muslims armies and police are bullied to
abduct and kill Muslims under the guise of
“War against terror”
Muslim armies are trained to say “Yes Sir”
and “do or die” for all orders
Accounting the rulers is fard upon the
Muslims