Obromine

1. the bittersweet truth about chocolate

2. NAME & STRUCTURE
Names: Xantheous, 3,7-
dimethlyxanthine
Chemical formula: C7H8N4O2
Class: Methlyxanthine

3. NAME & STRUCTURE

4. NAME & STRUCTURE

5. NATURAL SOURCES

6. PURINES

7. NAME
Θεος + βρῶμα
God + Food

8. HISTORY
Alexander Woskresensky first
discovered theobromine in cacao
plants.
Hermann Emil Fischer was the
first to synthesize theobromine.
Fischer

9. SYNTHESIS
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
ester of phosphoric acid and nucleoside
adensosine
Deanimation
removal of an amine group
Inosinic acid
also known as IMP
IMP dehydrogenease
enzyme added to IMP to conert it to xanthosine
monophosphate (XMP)
Xanthine
purine base
Purine
heterocyclic aromatic organic compound
Synthesized by Japanese scientists

10. PROPERTIES

11. TOXICITY
Animal
Oral toxicity (mg/kg)
TDLo LD50
Cat 200
Dog 16 300
Human 26 ~1,000
Mouse 837
Rat 1,265

12. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
PAST
Used in the treatment of
• Edema
• Syphilitic angina attacks
• Degenerative angina -
obstruction

13. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
PRESENT
Uses in today’s society
• asthma
• high blood pressure
• vasodilator
• diuretic
• heart stimulator
• antitussive
• over-the-counter nutritional
supplements
• weight-loss products
• soft drinks

14. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
0
5
10
15
20
25
Cocoa Cocao Cereals Chocolate
Bakery
Products
Chocolate
Toppings
Cocao
Beverages
Chocolate Ice
Creams
Meantheobrominecontentratio(10−3)
Items
Mean Theobromine Contents of Different Products

15. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY

16. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
FUTURE

17. EFFECTS ON SOCIETY
FUTURE