The document discusses carbon dioxide removal (CDR) markets and policy. It summarizes the IPCC report on CDR and notes that most mid-century climate strategies and Nationally Determined Contributions include CDR, with nature-based methods more widely included. It also outlines current and upcoming carbon markets and legislation related to CDR certification and accounting. Key policy challenges mentioned are the lack of detail on CDR's role, gaps in monitoring and verification for some CDR methods, and ensuring CDR policies consider durability, innovation, and do no harm.

1. CDR markets & policy
Eve Tamme
Founder and Managing Director
Climate Principles
Swiss Carbon Removal Platform, 17 May 2022

2. IPCC 6th Assessment Report
WGIII contribution on the role of CDR:

3. Source: WGIII contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
Adoption of policy instruments

4. Nationally Determined Contributions
• Countries’ climate pledges under the Paris Agreement with a 5-year
ratcheting mechanism
• Next round of new or updated NDCs due in 2025
• Current NDCs include climate pledges for 2030, new round should look
at 2035 or beyond
• Scarce consideration of carbon removal
Target
2025 or
2030
2015
Target
2030
2020
Target
2035
2025
Target
2040
2030

5. • Mid-century strategies
• Vast majority include carbon removal
• Nature-based CDR methods included
more widely
• From technology-based methods,
BECCS is most used
• Strategies are difficult to compare and
the level of detail on all elements
varies substantially
Long Term Strategies

6. • Voluntary market
• Compliance markets
• Emissions Trading Systems
• Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
• Carbon markets à Carbon
Removal Markets
Carbon Markets

7. The European Climate Law
2030 55% net GHG reduction target (compared to
1990), includes separate removals cap of 225Mt
CO2
Climate neutrality target
The EU “shall aim to achieve negative emissions”
after 2050
2050
Post 2050
Approved in summer 2021, in force.

8. • The revision of the EU’s sectoral climate
policies:
• EU Emissions Trading System
• Effort Sharing Regulation (non-ETS
sectors)
• Land Use, Land Use Change and
Forestry Regulation
• The upcoming proposal on EU’s Carbon
Removal Certification Mechanism (CRC-
M)
• and more…
CDR in Upcoming Legislation

9. • Afforestation & Reforestation
• Agroforestry
• Forest Management
• Increase in soil organic
carbon on mineral soils
• Peatland rewetting (incl Blue
Carbon)
Carbon Removal Certification 1/2
• Biochar
• Biomass in buildings
• Bioenergy with CCS (BECCS)
• Direct Air Capture and Storage (DACCS)
• Enhanced Rock Weathering
• Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
• Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU)
Nature-based Technology-based
Shortlisted CDR methods:

10. Carbon Removal Certification 2/2
Dec 2021
Q1-Q2 2022
Q4 2022
2024-2025
European Commission adopts Communication “Restoring
sustainable carbon cycles” on CRC-M and carbon farming
Call for Evidence on carbon removals (closed on 2 May)
Work on the impact assessment for the legislative proposal
European Commission publishes the legislative proposal
for CRC-M
EU institutions adopt CRC-M legislation, and the CRC-M
will become operational

11. • Lack of detail on the role of CDR
• Policies don’t recognise the breadth of
CDR methods
• MRV and accounting gaps for many CDR
methods
• Emission reduction policies can be a
blueprint for a lot but CDR has some
specific policy design needs around
durability
• R&D, innovation, commercialisation,
financing
• Do no harm, climate justice
Policy challenges

12. @EveTamme
EveTamme
evetamme.com;
Eve.Tamme@climateprinciples.com
climateprinciples.com
Thank you