a proposal for magister degree, Universitas Hasanuddin

1. THE SUPRASEGMENTAL INTELLIGIBILITY OF
JAVANESE-ACCENTED SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH
BY TAIWANESE ENGLISH SPEAKERS
ERMANSYAH F013191011
a research proposal
DOCTORAL PROGRAM IN LINGUISTICS
2021

2. CHAPTER I
Objective
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
INTRODUCTION
In November 2019, a group of lectures attended a 40-hour
Mandarin course at National Dong-Hwa University, Taiwan.
6 of them were from Java island (Central and East Java), 2
lecturers were from Sumatera, and the rest were from NTB,
Bali and Sulawesi. Although the subject was Mandarin,
communications between the lecturers and the professor,
who were Taiwanese, were conducted in English. The
communication breakdowns in English became a routine (if
not often) in the classroom.

3. BACKGROUND
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Every language has its own features, verbal and non
verbal. Verbal communication involves words; sounds
(spoken) and orthography (written). Non verbal
communication involves body as the tool of
communication, includes facial expressions, gestures,
eye movement and more. What one body language may
be interpreted differently in other languages, what one
language considers as a sound of word may puzzle other
speakers of different languages.
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

4. BACKGROUND
Objective
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Munro (2008) defines foreign accent of both
segmental and suprasegmental differences to
native speech: on a segmental level it involves the
insertion, omission or substitution of a phoneme, or
variation at sub-phonemic levels, such as VOT,
vowel duration and syllabification (cf. loup,2008)
On suprasegmental both rhythmical and
intonational., Derwin & Munro (2005) also
acknowledge the role of listener in the perception
of accentedness.
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

5. BACKGROUND
Objective
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
INTRODUCTION
Suprasegmental, also called prosodic feature, in phonetics,
a speech feature such as stress, tone, or word juncture that
accompanies or is added over consonants and vowels; these features
are not limited to single sounds but often extend over syllables, words,
or phrases. In Spanish the stress accent is often used to distinguish
between otherwise identical words: término means
“term,” termíno means “I terminate,” and terminó means “he
terminated.” In Mandarin Chinese, tone is a distinctive
Suprasegmental: shi pronounced on a high, level note means (失去
Shīqù)“to lose”; on a slight rising note means (十 Shí) “ten”; on a falling
note means (市場 Shìchǎng) “city, market”; and on a falling–rising note
means (歷史Lìshǐ)“history.” Britannica encyclopedia (2021)

6. BACKGROUND
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
• Vowels : (Big : Bag)
• Consonant : (Dine : Dime)
Segmental
Phonemes
• Stress (word or phrase)
• Rhythm (stress pattern)
• Intonation (melody)
Suprasegmental
Phonemes
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

7. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
How orthogonal does
Javanese-accented and
intelligibility of the
English language?
How do the
suprasegmental aspects
impact the intelligibility
of the Javanese-
accented English
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

8. to explain
OBJECTIVE OF THE
RESEARCH
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Suprasegmental elements
that impact the intelligibility
of the Javanese-accented
English
Statistical evidence of
the intelligibility
breakdowns (if any) of
the Javanese –accented
in speech
communication
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

9. SIGNIFICANCE OF
RESEARCH
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Contribute to the theory
of English as a lingua
franca
The treatment of
the English
language learning
application and
implication
Theoretical
Practical
Background
Research questions
Objective of research
Significance of research
Scope of reseach

10. SCOPE OF RESEARCH
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Background
Research questions
Objective
Significance of research
Scope of reseach
Sequence of chapters
Scope of Research
Suprasegmental
Phonemes
Javanese-accented
speech
Native-speaker
speech
Measurements
Praat sound
Modification
software
1. Speech Stress
2. Rhythmical
3. Intonational
Transcription-
based
questionnaires
1. Multiple choice
2. Cloze exercise
3. Fill in the blank
Subjects
2 Javanese-
accented speakers
1. Female
2. Male
50 taiwanese
interlocutors
2 groups of 25 at
NDHU English
Language Center

11. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
The definition of accentedness is not concretely termed by Munro & Derwing
(1995), however they refered it as ‘non pathological speech that differs in some
noticeable respects from native speakers norms’. ‘the deviations may include
phone substitutions, Phonetic distortions, and non native prosodic patterns’.
Munro & Derwing (1995) defined intelligibility as the ‘extent to which an
utterance is actually understood’. Thus, they concede that there is no universally
accepted way of assessing it.
Levi (2006) in Trofimovich (2012), whereby comprehensibility and intelligibility
are not distinct from each other but considered to be part of continuum of the
same concept
Smith and Nelson (1985) use the term intelligibility to denote word or utterance
recognition, and comprehensibility to denote word or utterance meaning.

12. PREVIOUS FINDINGS REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Matsuura et al (2012)
• Assessing the intelligibility of Japanese English
• Weight-to-stress principal
• English, American, Philiphines, Korean, Japan
Reinishch & Weber (2012)
• Hungarian-accented dutch & non-accented ducth
• Improvement on listening of canonical lexical stress
• Hungarian
Luchini (2015)
• Spanish-accented English speakers
• Pronunciation development: language lab and
teacher centered
• Spanish
Ikeno & Hansen (2007)
• British English accent perception
• Perceptual assessment of accent
variation
• Chinese, Croatian, German, Japanese,
Thai, Ethiopian
Metruk (2016)
• Slovaks AE and BE varieties
• Pronunciation of American-accentedness and British
accentedness
• Slovaks

13. Previous Findings
The phonology
Stress
Intonation
Rhythm
Conceptual Frameworks
PREVIOUS FINDINGS
GAPS
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Javanese-
accented English
• 25-30 minutes
speech with
scripts
Suprasegmental
intelligibility
• Stress
• Rhythm
• Intonation
Taiwanese
interlocutors
• Transcription
based
questionnaires

14. THE PHONOLOGY
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Previous Findings
The phonology
Stress
Intonation
Rhythm
Conceptual Frameworks
Phonology is the study of the sound systems of languages, and
of general properties displayed by this systems. By contrast with
phonetics, which studies all possible sounds that the human
vocal apparatus can make, phonology studies only those
contrasts in sound (phonemes) which make differences of
meaning within language. (Roach, P. (1982)

15. STRESS
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Previous Findings
The phonology
Stress
Intonation
Rhythm
Conceptual Frameworks
•in English there is a tendency for most vowels in weakly
stressed syllables to approach schwa in quality
Lehiste, I.
(1970)
•stress as “those variations in linguistically contrastive
prominence primarily due to loudness.”
Crystal (1969)
•The production of stress is generaly believed to depend
on the speaker using more muscular energy than is used
for unstressed syllable
•The perception of stress is characterized by the
prominence of stressed syllables
Roach (1982,
P.85

16. INTONATION
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Previous Findings
The phonology
Stress
Intonation
Rhythm
Conceptual Frameworks
• No definition is completely satisfactory
• The pitch of the voice plays the important part
Roach (1982,
P.150)
• Intonation is a series of pitches sung over a whole sentence
Teschner &
whitley (2004,
p.64)
• If a pitch = individual tones of speech, then intonation = the
entire melodic line
• Intonation involves the rising and falling of the voice to
various pitch levels during the articulation of an utterance
Celce-Murcia
et.al (1996,
p.184)

17. RHYTHM
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Previous Findings
The phonology
Stress
Intonation
Rhythm
Conceptual Frameworks
Stress-timed rhythm : the time
from each stressed syllable to
the next tend to be the same,
irrespective of the number of
intervening unstressed syllable.
Syllable-timed rhythm : all
syllables, stressed or
unstressed, tend to occur at
regular time-interval.
Roach, (1982, p. 120)

18. CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021

19. TYPE OF RESEARCH
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
• The interpretation of
Suprasegmental realization by
the Javanese-accented speakers
using the Praat
Soundmodification software
Qualitative
analysis will
explain
• The transcription-based
questionnaire result by the
interlocutor, using statistical
analysis of SPSS spreadsheets
Quantitative
analysis will
present

20. THE SOURCE OF DATA
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
PRIMARY
DATA
Transcription-based
questionnaire result
1. Multiple Choice
2. Fill in the gap
3. Essay
SUPPORTING
DATA
Javanese-accented
English Speeches
Spectrogram

21. METHOD OF DATA
COLLECTION
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
Selecting and
Transcribing
Speech
transcripts
Appointing the
Javanese-
accented
English
Speakers
Sound and Video
Recording of the
Javanese-
accented English
speakers
Comparing and
Contrasting
speech data
Designing,
formulating and
administering
transcription
based
questionnaires

22. METHOD OF DATA
ANALYSIS
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
Contrasting the
speech data of
Non-accented
and Javanese-
accented English
Speakers
Tabulation of
interlocutors
responses of
transcription
based
questionnaires
Intelligibility of
Javanese-
accentedness

23. RESEARCH PROCEDURES
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
Stage 3
Examining the javanese-accented
suprasegmental speech
Contrasting, categorizing
Stage 2
Assigning Javanese accented Speakers Sound/ video recording, transcribing
Stage 1
Collecting non accented speech Transcribing speech

24. RESEARCH PROCEDURES
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021
Type of research
The source of data
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Research procedures
Stage 6
Administering intelligibility transcription
based questionnaire
Multiple choice, fill in the blank, essay
Stage 5
Administering Javanese-accented Speech Audio video administration
Stage 4
Assigning speech interlocutors Demography studies

25. Speech
samples
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021

26. Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021

27. Thank you.
Research proposal seminar 29 March 2021