The document discusses the complexities of ethical decision-making in counseling, emphasizing the need for counselors to navigate ethical dilemmas while upholding client autonomy and well-being. It highlights the interplay between ethics and spirituality, the challenges of vicarious trauma in counselors, and the significance of peer management for support. Furthermore, it explores different approaches to ethical practice in counseling, underscoring the essential role of ethics in achieving effective counseling outcomes.

1. Sample Essay on Ethics
Abstract
In today’s world, there is no specific assumed responsibility for therapists. There are circumstances that
repeatedly face counselors which require the ability to make comprehensive ethical decisions.
Determining the appropriate approach to take when faced with complex ethical difficulties is not easy. In
combating this issue, professional counselors require mechanisms for making comprehensive ethical
decisions (Kim, & Lyons, 2003). Internationally recognized regulatory philosophies for making ethical
decisions which can be applied by specialists in handling ethical queries are also required. Additionally,
spirituality plays a role in forecasting the inclination of the client to deliberate religious and sacred
concerns.
Ethics
Introduction
A normative perspective is highlighted by unlikelihood and it might appear that ethical questions originate
from new methods that are used in counseling sessions. Specialized ethics might be unpleasant when
the counselor attempts to avoid causing harm to indecision and alternatively, for the benefit of help-
hunter, serve a presentation that portrays the counselor as a professional who is informed properly.
Trippany et al. (2004) notes that there is a progress among counseling specialists or they are in the
progress process beyond the approach where the problem source is considered to be the client while the
remedy is perceived to be the counselor. Alternatively, the specialists depict themselves as the truth’s
expediters where the specialists fashion space and time for their clients who are then left to decide and
perform on their own.
An ethic is a moral philosophy via which a person should conduct him/herself. A common belief is that
ethics serve as an uprightness code. This can lead to demoralization of the prudence of an individual to
speed up ethics while regulating what should be considered correct and incorrect. People use ethics
generally in controlling moral bearing on daily basis and in infiltrating absolute good beyond the relative
good (Griffith, & Frieden, 2000).
The main challenge is determining how to realize absolute good in the intermediate civilizations. The
other challenge is the incorporation of ethics in the role of absolute good in the lives of people as well as
the fact that what drives absolute good acts as a drawback and this turns ethics into a compassionate
skill. Because of ethics, people are able to define moral courses which are different from deeds since they
do not serve as affectionate determinations and they do not have a bodily nature.

2. Behavior psychoanalysis and behavior rehabilitation are vital identical expressions. Counselors are
always perceived on charitable foundations by the clients and they have the freedom to do away with
their counseling association with the clients whenever they wish to. Although counselors help in clarifying
the concerns of the client, the client is free to choose counseling goals, their order as well as how to attain
them. In addition, when several approaches for behavior change seem correspondingly feasible, a
counselor applies the client’s chosen approach consistently.
Basically, behavioral counseling can be seen as a scientific initiative that is beyond the world of ethics. All
decisions are made by the client especially on when, how and whether to continue as well as the
counselor to choose. This happens despite the fact that an expert counselor has exposure to behavioral
research which is distilled from strategies that promises great behavioral change. However, the counselor
proceeds to assist the willing client so that he/she can achieve their goals rather than the counselor’s
goals.
Nevertheless, in a practical approach there is confusion in ethical fairness. Behavior counseling usually
occurs when there is the contribution of an invasive counselor and this is also the case in the practice of
non-behavior counseling. The counselor gives bar springing as well as family desertion preference which
might be a behaviorist’s faintly approach compelling a client to a counselor-chosen option. Individual
growth category may have been made of behaviorists with an interrogation track that would make
religious members make a decision because of family planning measures.
Applying a counseling strategy in order to help a client achieve his/her goal can be ethically neutral just
like investigating a nuclear fission in a laboratory. However, the input of a counselor in the decision of a
client so that the client can work towards achieving a specific goal requires close scrutiny just like nuclear
weaponry’s deployment by politicians.
While establishing the strategies that involve a counselor, it is important to note that there is little cause of
ethical concern about behavior alteration. Moreover, its existence is importantly a common social
agreement that is based on its appropriateness for certain targeted comportment. For instance, nobody
can question a mental health practitioner’s ethics while trying to eliminate a self-mutilating activity in an
autistic child. This can cautiously call for the extension of ethical recommendation in the performance of a
policymaking counseling as well. Some options can aggressively be disappointed by counselors and
others endorsed to a point where no man would object them theoretically (Houser, Wilczenski, & Ham,
2006).
Different personalities of a client in history, today and in the future can probably be realized during the
counseling session. Descriptions, chronicles and formulation of life-space plans may be beneficial during
the investigation of a surfacing possibility while using prospective natures. The same measures can be

3. used while counseling professionals so that they can connect their professional identity with that of
colleagues. Consequently, there is a level of trust that is required between associates and this implies
that illumination of absence of confidence will unavoidably be included in the course. Negative feedback
as well as the inability to accomplish the set objectives can be due to envious working environment in this
practice.
It should be noted that different specialists can use different approaches to achieve similar outcomes. An
ethical dilemma with different facets has infrequently a single right riposte. However, if a methodical
model is followed, there is a possibility of achieving proficient clarification that would enhance the
exploitation of the chosen course.
What makes social work a complex occupation is the fact that social work specialists are trained to
employ a façade ruling approach in challenging and composite entitlements and welfares. Making ethical
choices in a certain circumstance comprises of informed decisions about different social operatives.
Illustrations can be used when the ethical responsibilities of social employees battle with the support
strategies. This can also happen when they battle with other guidelines or laws (Kiselica, & Robinson,
2001). If there is no sensible and promising conflict resolution approach, a social worker can look for
appropriate consultation before making his/her choice. This can involve holding a consultancy discussion
in an ethics group, with a supervisory body, a legal advisor, a superintendent or a knowledgeable
colleague. Social work is considered a zealous occupation because it requires self-understanding and
ensuring the well-being of everybody (Griffith, & Frieden, 2000). Additionally, controlled and expanded
expert and technical knowledge is required in order to grow skills and capabilities that are needed to meet
different global and national ambitions and needs as well as to accomplish social justice.
Specialized associations among social workers are a confidentiality foundation in terms of the issues that
are associated with the victims’ professional facilities. Social workers respect the strong assurance and
belief that the clients, specialists and groups place on them by defending the client information’s
confidentiality. They also defend the right of the client to determine when third parties should be allowed
access to this information. Personal information can be revealed to relevant family members or partners
after getting permission from the client or agents who have legitimately been authorized or when the court
directive or law obliges them to do so (Kaslow et al., 2004).
The belief that client’s information will be kept private by the social workers is not applied when exposing
the information becomes important in the prevention of a predictable, imminent or grave damage of a
client or other persons. In all cases, a minimum amount of personal information is revealed to serve the
intended purpose.

4. Focus groups’ ethical reflections are practically similar in most social study approaches. For instance,
ethical reflection is important while selecting and connecting participants. Therefore, investigators should
use the information about the influences of the contributors. Updating members about prospects of a
social group as well as the theme and being truthful without forcing them to give information is an
important aspect of training. An ethical issue that should be contemplated in the case of a focus group is
treatment of the profound material as well as the privacy that is provided by the fact that one member will
be above and over the group.
From the beginning, the mediators are required to elucidate that they will pool the influences of every
individual with those of the others in the group in addition to representing them. It is important to
invigorate members so that they can keep their perceptions private during their actual practice.
Investigators are responsible for keeping data anonymous.
When this technique is used, the duration required to investigate a focus group and the required practical
attentions can dishearten some members from gathering data (Pope, Jean, & Vasquez, 2011). However,
those who make their contribution during this investigation usually consider their involvement worthwhile.
The investigation procedure might be cooperative than the other study methods. Therefore, studying a
focus group might be a rewarding process among members as well as an exhilarating experience among
social investigators who wish to advance their viewpoint in the field that interests them (Kiselica, &
Robinson, 2001).
Virtually, every counselor in any locale works with clienteles who have survived vicarious trauma. It is not
rare to find clients with vicarious trauma reactions that are inferior to the traumatic involvements of the
therapist. The responses of the counselors to the traumas of the client have always been viewed at as a
way of counter-transferal or exhaustion. Counselors with vicarious trauma can feel like a harmless refuge
that offers them protection against fictional or actual threats of individual protection does not exist
(Trippany, Kress, & Wilcoxon, 2004).
Cottone (2001) observed that higher anxiety levels, apprehension and susceptibility can cause
disturbance when safety is needed. Vicarious trauma’s counselors can depict excessive care for their
children. They can also feel the need for a sequence of self-defense, fitting their home with alarm
systems or carrying a rape or club toot as a way of ensuring self-defense.
Counselors with vicarious trauma can also question their capabilities to assist others and feel insufficient.
Other people’s respect can also be conceded because the counselors become harsh when faced with
other people’s aptitude. The counselors can also face the world with prejudice (Welfel, 2012).
Significance and self-worth categorize the high regard’s necessity for the other people. The needs for
control are related to self-administration during the distribution of representatives. This makes these

5. needs essential. In a nutshell, regarding the essence of control, consequential actions and beliefs can be
defenseless as well as over-control in the supplementary zones.
Approaches to peer management play a supportive role in the provision of sustenance and authentication
to trauma counselors. These approaches give them an opportunity to share information that is related to
the restoration and healing work. Additionally, they allow them to vent moods. Sharing about involvement
in the reaction to trauma provides support to trauma workers while handling impacts.
Peer management also reduces solitude feelings while increasing impartiality, care and understanding of
the counselors. Limited privacy inhibits the ability of counselors to conduct interviews in the sustenance
systems. However, peer management acts as a way via which counselors conduct ethical interviews. In
addition, peer management assists in reducing traumatic responses and counter-transferal issues
(Houser, Wilczenski, & Ham, 2006).
Vicarious trauma’s impairment is usually related to the spirituality logic of the counselor. Involvement of
vicarious trauma boosts the loss of the feeling of significance. Usually, it breaks the cognitive plans as
well as the spectacles of counselors. In simple terms, while facing the danger of vicarious trauma,
therapists can use any source that provides a clear spiritual sense. Systematized consideration, helper
and religions’ work are some of the happenings that can enhance a religiousness feeling. Eventually, the
counselor is responsible for controlling how he/she progresses the religious devoutness feeling.
Among the approaches projected initially is the level-of-explanation approach. This was offered by a
communal professional and a Christian in psychology called David Myers. The major concerns of this
approach are social, proof-based, spiritual, and bio-psychological models. The approach depicts science
as an honest clarification level that is similar to the way religion has diverse viewpoints despite being
sincere. Moral theology and upright science are eventually consistent in the achievement of goals in this
approach. The approach that is proposed by Parrgament and Zinnbauer (2000) looks like non-spiritual
models in different ways because it provides highlights on the ground as well as in civilization which can
justify individual’s involvements and method empirically.
However, Gary Moon documents a transformational approach which is a contemporary approach. It can
be seen in the scene of incorporation because of its significance. Moon accepts this in different ways
without representing the developing approach completely. However, his job in delineating the approach
from being assimilated by typical spiritual models is outstanding. The model is also sourced from the
contemporary inscription of the spiritual course and spiritual development (Zinnbauer, & Parrgament,
2000). Although defining ethics is ethically allowed, isolating spiritual course and counseling artificially is
impossible when the exercise has a lot of connection.

6. Jay Adams originally promoted the approach of Biblical counseling. This approach occurs in different
aspects that trail Adams’ path just like in the case of Biblical Counseling Coalition. A wider model’s
representation is explored by this approach. High-class Scripture’s submission to individual challenges
describes this approach. Using medicine, non-spiritual and analytic group approaches in helping
individuals is considered harmful (Zinnbaeuer, & Parrgament, 2000).
In a nutshell, there are different vital roles that are played by ethics in varied aspects of life that concern
counseling. Ethics can be embraced in different approaches as discussed in this paper to achieve judicial
restoration, harmony and peace. Apart from this, it is apparent that there is a great value that is added to
ethics during counseling sessions as well as practices by the spiritual approach. In every approach that
aims at solving a problem, estrangement from the creator or God portrays sin’s existence.
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7. References
Cottone, R. R. (2001). A social constructivism model of ethical decision making in counseling. Journal of
Counseling & Development, 79, 39-45.
Griffith, B. A., & Frieden, G. (2000). Facilitating reflective thinking in counselor education. Counselor Ed
and Supervision, 40, 82-93.
Heinlen, K. T., Welfel, E. R., Richmond, E. N., & Rak, C. F. (2003). The scope of web counseling. Journal
of Counseling and Development, 81,61-69.
Houser, R., Wilczenski, F. L., & Ham, M. D. (2006). Culturally relevant ethical decision making in
counseling. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Kaslow, N. J., Borden, K. A., Collins, F. L., Forrest, L., Illfelder-Kanye, J., Nelson, P. D., Rallo, J. S.,
Vasquez, M. J. T., & Willmuth, M. E. (2004). Competencies conference: Futuredirections in education and
credentialing in professional psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60,699-712.
Kim, B. S. K., & Lyons, H. Z. (2003). Experimential activities and multicultural counseling competence
training. Journal of Counseling & Development, 81, 400-408.