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125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx

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EdlynKay1

Reading materials for beginning readers

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125+ Fourth Grade Reading STAAR Bellringers
Teaching reading is hard, especially because it is one of the most difficult content areas to find resources for. It’s not like math or writing where you can come up with activities on the fly. Teaching Reading requires being prepared each and every day. The resources that can be found online oftentimes do not have questions that are rigorous enough or that are STAAR-aligned. Another challenge with teaching reading is being able to focus on specific skills with students. This resource is perfect for that. It includes questions for each of the TEKS typically tested on STAAR. If you aren’t familiar with the TEK numbers and what they mean, that’s okay. The teacher’s term for the TEK is included with each section so you know whether the questions that follow relate to main idea, inferencing, summary, cause and effect, etc. Each section also has a brief summary on what mastering the skill entails and how to teach it. The answer key is included after each question to ensure your not guessing your way through guided practice. Enjoy!
How to use this resource: There are a lot of resources on TPT that are designed to be used as stations or as flashcards. This resource is not one of those two things. It is best used with whole group progress monitoring. You can either use it as a bellringer at the beginning of class or at the end as an exit ticket. It is great for modeling the reader’s thinking process, the thought process involved with eliminating incorrect answers, and other aspects of reading, vocabulary and comprehension. If you feel like this resource can be used in other ways, please take advantage of those approaches!
The following TEKS (skills) are tested within this resource: ● 4.10 (Fig 19D) Author’s Purpose ● 4.2 B Context Clues ● 4.11 B Fact and Opinion ● 4.6 C First vs. Third Person ● 4.6 B Character interactions and changes ● 4.10 Text Features ● 4.11 A Main Idea ● 4.6 (Fig 19D) Inferencing ● 4.11C Cause and Effect ● Poetry (multiple TEKS)
If you end up appreciating this resource, be sure to check out my TPT store to see what other resources might be beneficial in your classroom. https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Big-Texs- Teaching-Resources
The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 3 Readiness 4.10 Fig. 19(D) Author’s Purpose Author’s purpose is more complex than most teachers realize. Using the acronym PIE to teach author’s purpose makes students think that author’s purpose is limited to persuasive, informative, or entertaining (PIE) writing, when in fact it can be more specific. Pay attention to the verbiage of the following slides in the answer choices. They will include vocab words such as... Inform, describe, tell, explain, demonstrate, show, convince, teach, etc.
In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why glass frogs have certain features. B) describe how scientists discovered a new species of frog. C) convince readers to help protect the glass frog’s environment. D) entertain the reader with fun facts about glass frogs.
In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why glass frogs have certain features. B) describe how scientists discovered a new species of frog. C) convince readers to help protect the glass frog’s environment. D) entertain the reader with fun facts about glass frogs.
Alzheimer’s Disease is an illness that people receive as they age. It leads to individuals losing memories they once possessed. The Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral Center (ADEAR) says that with Alzheimer's, the forgetting is about things that are part of everyday life. You might not notice the symptoms of AD at first. The early symptoms usually develop slowly. Only later, when a person starts saying and doing things that seem very different from before, are the symptoms noticeable. A person can forget how to get dressed, or they might not remember how to get home from the grocery store that is visited once a week. Sadly, a person may not recognize loved ones at all. This is why Alzheimer's has also been called the “mind-robbing” disease. Why did the author include the information in the paragraph above? F) To explain how so many people get the disease G) To educate the reader about Alzheimer’s Disease and it’s symptoms. H) To tell the reader about the ADEAR organization and the work they are doing.
Alzheimer’s Disease is an illness that people receive as they age. It leads to individuals losing memories they once possessed. The Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral Center (ADEAR) says that with Alzheimer's, the forgetting is about things that are part of everyday life. You might not notice the symptoms of AD at first. The early symptoms usually develop slowly. Only later, when a person starts saying and doing things that seem very different from before, are the symptoms noticeable. A person can forget how to get dressed, or they might not remember how to get home from the grocery store that is visited once a week. Sadly, a person may not recognize loved ones at all. This is why Alzheimer's has also been called the “mind-robbing” disease. Why did the author include the information in the paragraph above? F) To explain how so many people get the disease G) To educate the reader about Alzheimer’s Disease and it’s symptoms. H) To tell the reader about the ADEAR organization and the work they are doing.
Head lice can happen to anyone. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. Head lice are tiny insects that live in human hair. They hatch from small eggs, called nits, which are attached to the base of a person’s hair. The nit is small and white and attaches about ¼ inch from the scalp on the hair. The eggs hatch in seven to ten days, with new louse reaching adulthood in about two weeks. The female louse can live 20 to 30 days and lay 6 to 10 eggs per day. Prevention is the key word in the control of head lice in school, and the schools need parents’ help. They ask that parents check their child’s head over the ears and at the base of the neck each week. Parents and children should watch for nonstop itching, because it is a good sign that something is wrong. Head lice are transmitted in a number of ways, not only by physical contact. Parents should teach their children not to borrow combs, brushes, ribbons or head covers. If spending the night away from home, kids should take their own sleeping bag and pillow. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph in the selection above is to-- A) explain to the reader how to get rid of head lice if a child has them. B) inform the reader about head lice and how they spread within human hair. C) provide the reader with ways to prevent the spreading of head lice. D) describe to the reader how head lice can impact a child’s health.
Head lice can happen to anyone. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. Head lice are tiny insects that live in human hair. They hatch from small eggs, called nits, which are attached to the base of a person’s hair. The nit is small and white and attaches about ¼ inch from the scalp on the hair. The eggs hatch in seven to ten days, with new louse reaching adulthood in about two weeks. The female louse can live 20 to 30 days and lay 6 to 10 eggs per day. Prevention is the key word in the control of head lice in school, and the schools need parents’ help. They ask that parents check their child’s head over the ears and at the base of the neck each week. Parents and children should watch for nonstop itching, because it is a good sign that something is wrong. Head lice are transmitted in a number of ways, not only by physical contact. Parents should teach their children not to borrow combs, brushes, ribbons or head covers. If spending the night away from home, kids should take their own sleeping bag and pillow. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph in the selection above is to-- A) explain to the reader how to get rid of head lice if a child has them. B) inform the reader about head lice and how they spread within human hair. C) provide the reader with ways to prevent the spreading of head lice. D) describe to the reader how head lice can impact a child’s health.
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, American students are performing more poorly than other countries in math, reading and science. Many people believe that an extended school day can help close the gap. For many students going back to school this year, the school day will be nearly 45 minutes longer than it was the previous year. It’s part of a nation-wide trend to increase the amount of time students spend in the classroom. In 2012, nearly 100 elementary schools in Virginia extended their school day by one hour. As a result, many of these schools noticed an increase in students’ reading test scores. In some schools, the extended day allows students more time for special activities like art, music and P.E. Other schools have decided to use the extra time for lunch and recess! The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain what changes schools are able to make after lengthening their B) describe how students feel about longer school days C) inform readers that an extended school day may be beneficial for schools D) explain the negative results of extending the school day
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, American students are performing more poorly than other countries in math, reading and science. Many people believe that an extended school day can help close the gap. For many students going back to school this year, the school day will be nearly 45 minutes longer than it was the previous year. It’s part of a nation-wide trend to increase the amount of time students spend in the classroom. In 2012, nearly 100 elementary schools in Virginia extended their school day by one hour. As a result, many of these schools noticed an increase in students’ reading test scores. In some schools, the extended day allows students more time for special activities like art, music and P.E. Other schools have decided to use the extra time for lunch and recess! The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain what changes schools are able to make after lengthening their B) describe how students feel about longer school days C) inform readers that an extended school day may be beneficial for schools D) explain the negative results of extending the school day
Can you imagine a week without watching SpongeBob SquarePants, Stranger Things or your favorite TV show? The TV-Turnoff Network wants you to do just that—and imagine what you can do instead of watching TV. As a result, the theme of TV-Turnoff Week is "Imagine." The event takes place from April 24 to April 30. The organization would like to raise awareness about the negative effects of watching too much TV. On average, each person in the United States watches at least four hours of television per day, according to RealVision and the TV-Turnoff Network. In fact, kids spend more time in front of the television (1,023 hours per year) than in school (900 hours per year)! Experts say that too much TV time is bad for children. Kids don’t perform as well in school and don’t exercise enough. Robert Kesten, executive director of the TV-Turnoff Network, hopes that kids will turn off the TV and participate in other interests. "We think kids will be surprised with the new discoveries they will make if they choose to shut off the TV for a week." Kesten told ABN News. The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why the TV-Turnoff Network is trying to decrease the time kids spend watching TV. B) have the reader think about what life would be like without watching television. C) to persuade the reader to participate in TV-turnoff Week. D) entertain the reader with interesting information about television.
Can you imagine a week without watching SpongeBob SquarePants, Stranger Things or your favorite TV show? The TV-Turnoff Network wants you to do just that—and imagine what you can do instead of watching TV. As a result, the theme of TV-Turnoff Week is "Imagine." The event takes place from April 24 to April 30. The organization would like to raise awareness about the negative effects of watching too much TV. On average, each person in the United States watches at least four hours of television per day, according to RealVision and the TV-Turnoff Network. In fact, kids spend more time in front of the television (1,023 hours per year) than in school (900 hours per year)! Experts say that too much TV time is bad for children. Kids don’t perform as well in school and don’t exercise enough. Robert Kesten, executive director of the TV-Turnoff Network, hopes that kids will turn off the TV and participate in other interests. "We think kids will be surprised with the new discoveries they will make if they choose to shut off the TV for a week." Kesten told ABN News. The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why the TV-Turnoff Network is trying to decrease the time kids spend watching TV. B) have the reader think about what life would be like without watching television. C) to persuade the reader to participate in TV-turnoff Week. D) entertain the reader with interesting information about television.
When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) show readers that there was disagreement about whether or not to build the Eiffel tower. B) explain to readers why the Eiffel tower could not be built in the the city of Paris. C) describe the process that Gustave Eiffel went through while designing the Eiffel tower. D) persuade the reader to visit the Eiffel tower in Paris, France.
When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) show readers that there was disagreement about whether or not to build the Eiffel tower. B) explain to readers why the Eiffel tower could not be built in the the city of Paris. C) describe the process that Gustave Eiffel went through while designing the Eiffel tower. D) persuade the reader to visit the Eiffel tower in Paris, France.
This message is message is extremely important. I am from Uganda. I have millions of dollars in my bank account, but I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send me a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. The message above sounds like a great deal, doesn’t it? And it would be--if it were true. This is an example of an email sent to millions of people each year trying to scam them out of their money. These people, known as scam artists, are sitting behind a computer screen far away creating plans to take money from innocent people. These types of messages always have a few things in common, so pay attention! Scam emails most likely always come from someone you’ve never met or heard of. Also, they usually tell people that they will receive money in return for giving money. Lastly, scam artists ask for a piece important personal information that should never be shared with strangers, like account information. If you ever receive a message above that sounds like it is too good to be true, it’s best to delete it right away! Written response: the author most likely wrote the article above in order to--
The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) describe how armadillos look and how they received their name B) explain how armadillos are being used to fight against deadly diseases. C) entertain the reader with information Spanish explorers in Central America. D) educate the reader on the armadillo’s habitat and diet.
The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) describe how armadillos look and how they received their name B) explain how armadillos are being used to fight against deadly diseases. C) entertain the reader with information Spanish explorers in Central America. D) educate the reader on the armadillo’s habitat and diet.
Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) persuade readers to visit the statue of Sam Houston. B) entertain readers with a story about David Adickes. C) provide information about the statue of Sam Houston. D) describe the process that was used when designing the statue.
Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) persuade readers to visit the statue of Sam Houston. B) entertain readers with a story about David Adickes. C) provide information about the statue of Sam Houston. D) describe the process that was used when designing the statue.
The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 1 Readiness 4.2(b) Context Clues Context clues can be a tricky skill to learn. First, never build the bad habit of telling students to skip a word and come back to it.” While there are multiple strategies involved in teaching context clues, it is important for students to know that some of the tick answer choices simply include words that were present in the passage. Having vocabulary notebooks, and educating students on homophones, homographs, prefixes, suffixes, and base words can help make answering context clue questions fairly easy.
In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” In the paragraph above, the word transparent means: A) fragile B) green C) slippery D) clear
In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” In the paragraph above, the word transparent means: A) fragile B) green C) slippery D) clear
Before crawling into bed with her favorite book, Angela went online using her computer and internet and learned that in addition to worms, blue jays eat berries and fruits such as grapes, cherries, and tomatoes. The next day, during breakfast, Angela mimicked a mama bird by chirping as she dropped worms and fruit into the chick’s mouth. Angela’s mom complimented her on how talented she was at making bird noises. When breakfast was finally over, the family voted and decided to name the bird. In the paragraph above, the word mimicked means — F) fed G) imitated H) touched J) pretended
Before crawling into bed with her favorite book, Angela went online using her computer and internet and learned that in addition to worms, blue jays eat berries and fruits such as grapes, cherries, and tomatoes. The next day, during breakfast, Angela mimicked a mama bird by chirping as she dropped worms and fruit into the chick’s mouth. Angela’s mom complimented her on how talented she was at making bird noises. When breakfast was finally over, the family voted and decided to name the bird. In the paragraph above, the word mimicked means — F) fed G) imitated H) touched J) pretended
It did not stop. Cold white confetti came down on the city of Montreal morning, noon, and night, and already Susannah was wondering when the party would end. The other kids in her class loved the snow. They loved that sometimes, when the winds picked up and the roads turned icy, school was cancelled. They liked to build towering forts and snowmen, whose noses were the carrot sticks they found packed in their lunchboxes. Susannah despised the snow. More than that, she hated everything about wintertime. Her family had taken a trip to Florida two winters ago, and she wished that they could live there all year round. In the paragraph above, the word despised means — F) disgusted G) disliked H) enjoyed J) played in
It did not stop. Cold white confetti came down on the city of Montreal morning, noon, and night, and already Susannah was wondering when the party would end. The other kids in her class loved the snow. They loved that sometimes, when the winds picked up and the roads turned icy, school was cancelled. They liked to build towering forts and snowmen, whose noses were the carrot sticks they found packed in their lunchboxes. Susannah despised the snow. More than that, she hated everything about wintertime. Her family had taken a trip to Florida two winters ago, and she wished that they could live there all year round. In the paragraph above, the word despised means — F) disgusted G) disliked H) enjoyed J) played in
My parents have been asleep for hours when I open the creaky attic door and climb the steps into the darkness. The flashlight beam sweeps ahead of me, illuminating trunks and piles of junk and who knows what else. I creep across the dusty floor, moving slowly and making sure not a single part of the attic escapes my flashlight’s glare. I ignore my sweaty palms, pounding heart, and the sickening sensation in my stomach that I am making a very bad mistake. This isn’t about facing my fears, I tell myself. It’s about getting some sleep. If I can’t sleep, I can’t study. If I can’t study, I’ll flunk out of school and have to join the circus. And the fact is I don’t like the circus one bit. In the paragraph above, the word illuminating means — F) finding the location G) shining light on H) searching for J) gloomy
My parents have been asleep for hours when I open the creaky attic door and climb the steps into the darkness. The flashlight beam sweeps ahead of me, illuminating trunks and piles of junk and who knows what else. I creep across the dusty floor, moving slowly and making sure not a single part of the attic escapes my flashlight’s glare. I ignore my sweaty palms, pounding heart, and the sickening sensation in my stomach that I am making a very bad mistake. This isn’t about facing my fears, I tell myself. It’s about getting some sleep. If I can’t sleep, I can’t study. If I can’t study, I’ll flunk out of school and have to join the circus. And the fact is I don’t like the circus one bit. In the paragraph above, the word illuminating means — F) finding the location G) shining light on H) searching for J) gloomy
The Secret Service, the organization responsible for protecting the President of the United States, began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861-1865). At the time, many southern states wanted to leave the Union. The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters. Many people disagreed with what Lincoln was trying to accomplish and wanted him dead. Some tried to kidnap him. Others took shots at him. A bullet knocked Lincoln’s hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road. In the paragraph above, the word assassinated means — F) shot at G) kidnapped H) elected J) killed
The Secret Service, the organization responsible for protecting the President of the United States, began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861-1865). At the time, many southern states wanted to leave the Union. The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters. Many people disagreed with what Lincoln was trying to accomplish and wanted him dead. Some tried to kidnap him. Others took shots at him. A bullet knocked Lincoln’s hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road. In the paragraph above, the word assassinated means — F) shot at G) kidnapped H) elected J) killed
When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. In the paragraph above, the word collapse means — F) to explode G) to fall apart or fall down H) sway from side to side J) would be ugly
When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. In the paragraph above, the word collapse means — F) to explode G) to fall apart or fall down H) sway from side to side J) would be ugly
As long as the world depends on oil for energy, there will be pressure to look for new sources of oil. Many people oppose offshore drilling and the use of tanker ships to move off across the oceans. They say the risks of oil spilling and leaking are not risks worth taking. Many others argue that our growing energy needs make drilling through the ocean floor necessary. Scientists know that big pockets of oil lie beneath the ocean floor in many regions of the world. Those who favor offshore drilling believe that taking proper safety precautions will minimize the risks involved. But it is impossible to guarantee that large oil spills won’t happen. In the paragraph above, the word minimize means — F) reduce G) eliminate H) increase J) prevent
As long as the world depends on oil for energy, there will be pressure to look for new sources of oil. Many people oppose offshore drilling and the use of tanker ships to move off across the oceans. They say the risks of oil spilling and leaking are not risks worth taking. Many others argue that our growing energy needs make drilling through the ocean floor necessary. Scientists know that big pockets of oil lie beneath the ocean floor in many regions of the world. Those who favor offshore drilling believe that taking proper safety precautions will minimize the risks involved. But it is impossible to guarantee that large oil spills won’t happen. In the paragraph above, the word minimize means — F) reduce G) eliminate H) increase J) prevent
Most of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocolate candy. Other chocolate goes into ice cream, chocolate drinks, and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts. Even a sauce called mole, used in Mexican cooking, is made from chocolate. Each year, people around the world consume tons of chocolate. The people of Switzerland consume more chocolate per person than anyone else in the world. They are joined in their love of chocolate by people in many other European countries. In the paragraph above, the word consume means — F) produce G) eat H) create J) grow
Most of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocolate candy. Other chocolate goes into ice cream, chocolate drinks, and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts. Even a sauce called mole, used in Mexican cooking, is made from chocolate. Each year, people around the world consume tons of chocolate. The people of Switzerland consume more chocolate per person than anyone else in the world. They are joined in their love of chocolate by people in many other European countries. In the paragraph above, the word consume means — F) produce G) eat H) create J) grow
Many Galapagos mammals are animals normally found far from the equator . Galapagos sea lions are the marine gymnasts of the islands. Their playful tricks amuse tourists, who sometimes snap selfies with these energetic animals. Sea lions live in large colonies. Female sea lions, known as cows, gather on beaches to nap. Adult males, or bulls, are territorial and extremely aggressive towards anyone who enters their habitat without an invitation. In the paragraph above, the word amuse means — F) attack G) distract H) annoy J) entertain
Many Galapagos mammals are animals normally found far from the equator . Galapagos sea lions are the marine gymnasts of the islands. Their playful tricks amuse tourists, who sometimes snap selfies with these energetic animals. Sea lions live in large colonies. Female sea lions, known as cows, gather on beaches to nap. Adult males, or bulls, are territorial and extremely aggressive towards anyone who enters their habitat without an invitation. In the paragraph above, the word amuse means — F) attack G) distract H) annoy J) entertain
Brittany Arlington never forgets her lines. That’s partly because there aren’t any lines in the plays she performs. Brittany and her theater company tell stories without using words. They wear white face paint and dress in black. Their plays are performed on an empty stage and without any props. But when the show begins, the empty stage suddenly looks like a desert, a castle, a forest, or a dining room. Without switching her costume, Brittany transforms from a wiry old witch, to a cranky crow, to a bowl full of cereal. Though her hands are empty, she seems to be holding a pencil, a bottle of coke, or binoculars. In the paragraph above, the word transforms means — F) acts G) performs H) travels J) changes
Brittany Arlington never forgets her lines. That’s partly because there aren’t any lines in the plays she performs. Brittany and her theater company tell stories without using words. They wear white face paint and dress in black. Their plays are performed on an empty stage and without any props. But when the show begins, the empty stage suddenly looks like a desert, a castle, a forest, or a dining room. Without switching her costume, Brittany transforms from a wiry old witch, to a cranky crow, to a bowl full of cereal. Though her hands are empty, she seems to be holding a pencil, a bottle of coke, or binoculars. In the paragraph above, the word transforms means — F) acts G) performs H) travels J) changes
Paintball guns have the potential to cause injury, and they should be handled with care. "I don't think people understand how dangerous they can be," said the mother of a young boy who was injured by a paintball. Paintball guns are intended to be used in places where adults are supervising to ensure that people are playing in a safe manner. At paintball game centers, players must wear goggles and face masks for protection. Players also must follow strict rules. On the streets, however, those safety measures don't apply. Many times, bullies use paintball guns to hurt people and to damage property. In the paragraph above, the word supervising means — F) listening G) participating H) watching J) worrying
Paintball guns have the potential to cause injury, and they should be handled with care. "I don't think people understand how dangerous they can be," said the mother of a young boy who was injured by a paintball. Paintball guns are intended to be used in places where adults are supervising to ensure that people are playing in a safe manner. At paintball game centers, players must wear goggles and face masks for protection. Players also must follow strict rules. On the streets, however, those safety measures don't apply. Many times, bullies use paintball guns to hurt people and to damage property. In the paragraph above, the word supervising means — F) listening G) participating H) watching J) worrying
Ashley’s brother is sick. He has to stay at a hospital in San Antonio. Ashey, 10, and her parents live near the hospital at a special house for families of patients. Not every day is a good day, but recently a tiny visitor made a big difference for Ashley. Ashley met Toro, the world's smallest horse. "She was fascinating," Kimberly told ABC News. "I’ve never seen such a small horse before." Thumbelina is a miniature horse. She is also a dwarf for her breed, making her unusually small. Toro is only 17.5 inches tall. She is about the size of a medium-sized dog. Don't let her size fool you! Toro has a big job to do. The horse is visiting dozens of children's hospitals, camps, and schools to help cheer people up! In the paragraph above, the word miniature means — F) little G) huge H) special
Ashley’s brother is sick. He has to stay at a hospital in San Antonio. Ashey, 10, and her parents live near the hospital at a special house for families of patients. Not every day is a good day, but recently a tiny visitor made a big difference for Ashley. Ashley met Toro, the world's smallest horse. "She was fascinating," Kimberly told ABC News. "I’ve never seen such a small horse before." Thumbelina is a miniature horse. She is also a dwarf for her breed, making her unusually small. Toro is only 17.5 inches tall. She is about the size of a medium-sized dog. Don't let her size fool you! Toro has a big job to do. The horse is visiting dozens of children's hospitals, camps, and schools to help cheer people up! In the paragraph above, the word miniature means — F) little G) huge H) special
There are prizes, and then there are really big prizes! On December 10, 2006, winners of the Nobel Prizes received their prestigious, or important, awards for helping others. Accepting the Nobel award for work in promoting peace was Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank. It might seem odd that someone would receive a peace prize for founding a bank. But Yunus is no ordinary banker. In 1983, Yunus founded Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, a country in Asia. The bank gives small loans to poor villagers, especially women. The Nobel Prize committee honored Yunus because "peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty." In the paragraph above, the word ordinary means — F) rich G) strange H) important J) normal
There are prizes, and then there are really big prizes! On December 10, 2006, winners of the Nobel Prizes received their prestigious, or important, awards for helping others. Accepting the Nobel award for work in promoting peace was Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank. It might seem odd that someone would receive a peace prize for founding a bank. But Yunus is no ordinary banker. In 1983, Yunus founded Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, a country in Asia. The bank gives small loans to poor villagers, especially women. The Nobel Prize committee honored Yunus because "peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty." In the paragraph above, the word ordinary means — F) rich G) strange H) important J) normal
For a while now, our family has been taking buses to travel. Taking the bus does not cost very much money. Buying a bus pass is less expensive than paying for gas for a car. Cars need to be repaired and maintained, which costs money too. Riding the bus is hard, though, because we do not have control over what happens with it each day. The bus travels on its set route, and sometimes it’s late. It doesn't run all the time either, especially at night. Also, riding the bus makes it hard to change our plans. Because of all of these things, my mom is thinking about purchasing a car. How do we choose what kind of car to get? And how do we get it? We have a couple of options. One is to lease a car, which means to rent it for a period of time. This is good because it is a little cheaper than buying a car, and we won't have to own it forever. In the paragraph above, the word purchasing means — F) renting G) driving H) buying J) using
For a while now, our family has been taking buses to travel. Taking the bus does not cost very much money. Buying a bus pass is less expensive than paying for gas for a car. Cars need to be repaired and maintained, which costs money too. Riding the bus is hard, though, because we do not have control over what happens with it each day. The bus travels on its set route, and sometimes it’s late. It doesn't run all the time either, especially at night. Also, riding the bus makes it hard to change our plans. Because of all of these things, my mom is thinking about purchasing a car. How do we choose what kind of car to get? And how do we get it? We have a couple of options. One is to lease a car, which means to rent it for a period of time. This is good because it is a little cheaper than buying a car, and we won't have to own it forever. In the paragraph above, the word purchasing means — F) renting G) driving H) buying J) using
Anar Gul used to live in a four-bedroom house. Now he and his nine family members share a single tent. Mattresses, blankets, clothes, and a broken tape player are all that they have left. “This is everything,” Gul says. He was one of more than 17 million people impacted by the massive flooding that hit Houston in 2017. The floods were the worst in the southern Asian nation’s history. The powerful currents flowed across about one- fifth of the country and killed more than 1,600 people. International aid workers and the U.S. military are trying to help. They are delivering food, clean water, and other supplies. Gul hopes that even more help is on the way. “There are so many houses to be rebuilt,” he says. “It’s not only [in my village]; it’s everywhere.” In the paragraph above, the word massive means — F) dangerous G) giant H) powerful J) unbelievable
Anar Gul used to live in a four-bedroom house. Now he and his nine family members share a single tent. Mattresses, blankets, clothes, and a broken tape player are all that they have left. “This is everything,” Gul says. He was one of more than 17 million people impacted by the massive flooding that hit Houston in 2017. The floods were the worst in the southern Asian nation’s history. The powerful currents flowed across about one- fifth of the country and killed more than 1,600 people. International aid workers and the U.S. military are trying to help. They are delivering food, clean water, and other supplies. Gul hopes that even more help is on the way. “There are so many houses to be rebuilt,” he says. “It’s not only [in my village]; it’s everywhere.” In the paragraph above, the word massive means — F) dangerous G) giant H) powerful J) unbelievable
In 2006, all five of the science Nobels went to Americans—the first time that had happened since 1983. Scientist Roger Kornberg won the chemistry prize for his work on how people inherit diseases. In 1959, as a 12-year-old, Roger watched his father, Arthur Kornberg, win a Nobel Prize. The Kornbergs were the sixth father-and-son pair to have won Nobel Prizes. Although Roger was stunned by his win, his father saw it coming. "His work has been amazing," said his dad. In the paragraph above, the word stunned means — F) disappointed G) excited H) surprised J) curious
In 2006, all five of the science Nobels went to Americans—the first time that had happened since 1983. Scientist Roger Kornberg won the chemistry prize for his work on how people inherit diseases. In 1959, as a 12-year-old, Roger watched his father, Arthur Kornberg, win a Nobel Prize. The Kornbergs were the sixth father-and-son pair to have won Nobel Prizes. Although Roger was stunned by his win, his father saw it coming. "His work has been amazing," said his dad. In the paragraph above, the word stunned means — F) disappointed G) excited H) surprised J) curious
Part of bigger water supply systems, water mains are underground pipes that help bring water into peoples’ homes, offices, restaurants, and anywhere there is a sink. Temperature changes can cause most water main breaks—even a ten-degree change can make water mains more likely to break. When temperatures fall below freezing or when the temperature becomes very hot, the ground around water mains shifts. This puts stress on water mains. When a water main breaks, it can shut off the water supply people use in their houses and businesses. Many people were stuck standing on the sidewalk in the very early hours of the morning, while others who lived in the neighborhood didn’t even know about the incident until they saw it on the news. In the paragraph above, the word incident means — F) accident G) event H) break J) freeze
Part of bigger water supply systems, water mains are underground pipes that help bring water into peoples’ homes, offices, restaurants, and anywhere there is a sink. Temperature changes can cause most water main breaks—even a ten-degree change can make water mains more likely to break. When temperatures fall below freezing or when the temperature becomes very hot, the ground around water mains shifts. This puts stress on water mains. When a water main breaks, it can shut off the water supply people use in their houses and businesses. Many people were stuck standing on the sidewalk in the very early hours of the morning, while others who lived in the neighborhood didn’t even know about the incident until they saw it on the news. In the paragraph above, the word incident means — F) accident G) event H) break J) freeze
My doctor showed me how to inject the insulin. I also had to learn a lot about nutrition because of my disease. There were several foods I could no longer eat. I was really unhappy. I knew the diabetes was going to be there forever. I learned to test my blood to see how much insulin I needed. I had to prick my finger with a needle and squeeze a drop of blood onto a strip of paper. Then I'd put the paper into a machine to get a reading. Soon, I got the hang of knowing how much insulin I needed. I had a lot of trouble adjusting to my diabetes the first year. I had to wake up by 9 o'clock every morning to inject myself. Slowly, my internal clock began to wake me in time for my injection. I didn't like this routine. But it was something I had to do. In the paragraph above, the word several means — F) dangerous G) severe H) few J) many
My doctor showed me how to inject the insulin. I also had to learn a lot about nutrition because of my disease. There were several foods I could no longer eat. I was really unhappy. I knew the diabetes was going to be there forever. I learned to test my blood to see how much insulin I needed. I had to prick my finger with a needle and squeeze a drop of blood onto a strip of paper. Then I'd put the paper into a machine to get a reading. Soon, I got the hang of knowing how much insulin I needed. I had a lot of trouble adjusting to my diabetes the first year. I had to wake up by 9 o'clock every morning to inject myself. Slowly, my internal clock began to wake me in time for my injection. I didn't like this routine. But it was something I had to do. In the paragraph above, the word several means — F) dangerous G) severe H) few J) many
The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 3 Supporting 4.11(B) Fact and Opinion When introducing how to respond to fact & opinion questions on STAAR, students should be investigating which answer choices include adjectives (to support expressions of an opinion). Also, Students can show their work by making a t-chart to sort answer choices. If the question is asking for an opinion, students should know that the other three answer choices must be fact. In contrast, if the question is asking students to identify a fact, three of the answer choices (the incorrect ones) will be opinions!
The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. G El armadillo means “little armored one” in Spanish. H The armadillo is a strange animal.
The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. G El armadillo means “little armored one” in Spanish. H The armadillo is a strange animal.
Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes been seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Sometimes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips together. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F) Orangutans make nests out of leaves to protect themselves from the sun. G) Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. H) Orangutans make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. J) Orangutans live a solitary life.
Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes been seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Sometimes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips together. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F) Orangutans make nests out of leaves to protect themselves from the sun. G) Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. H) Orangutans make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. J) Orangutans live a solitary life.
When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. Which sentence from the paragraph expresses a fact? F They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. G It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. H The clown was wearing the funniest costume. J It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house.
When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. Which sentence from the paragraph expresses a fact? F) They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. G) It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. H) The clown was wearing the funniest costume. J) It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house.
I could feel my cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and I got nervous every time she even spoke to me. On any given day, I wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! Why is it the best, you ask? Because Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year my friends would make fun of me for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day! Which idea from the paragraph contains a fact? F) She was the cutest girl in the whole school G) But today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! H) I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. J) Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day!
I could feel my cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and I got nervous every time she even spoke to me. On any given day, I wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! Why is it the best, you ask? Because Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year my friends would make fun of me for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day! Which idea from the paragraph contains a fact? F) She was the cutest girl in the whole school G) But today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! H) I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. J) Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day!
Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. Based on the information in this paragraph, which statement is an opinion. A) The Statue of Liberty is the tallest statue in the United States. B) The statue of Sam Houston is located in Huntsville, Texas. C) David Adickes was the artist who designed and built the statue of Big Sam. D) The state of Sam Houston is the most beautiful statue in the state of Texas.
Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. Based on the information in this paragraph, which statement is an opinion. A) The Statue of Liberty is the tallest statue in the United States. B) The statue of Sam Houston is located in Huntsville, Texas. C) David Adickes was the artist who designed and built the statue of Big Sam. D) The state of Sam Houston is the most beautiful statue in the state of Texas.
Throughout its early history, the United States relied on children to work in many different settings, including farms, mines and factories. There was a time when most employers hired kids because they were inexpensive and easy to manage. In the 1800s, kids as young as six years old worked in textile mills for 12 hours each day. By the end of the century, almost 2 million kids performed dangerous tasks in the workplace. The long working hours weren’t the only issue. The work conditions were often poor and the young children were paid very little for their efforts. Any child who misbehaved while at work was punished and sent to a “whipping room.” Workers hardly had any time for breaks and most had to eat their lunch while continuing their workplace duties. Which of the following statements is a fact? A) Most of the work that children completed was difficult. B) Children were hired because they were cheap to pay for their work. C) Almost 2 million kids worked in farms, mins and facori children was cheap and kids were easy to manage. D) “Whipping rooms” were used for children who misbehaved in the workplace.
Throughout its early history, the United States relied on children to work in many different settings, including farms, mines and factories. There was a time when most employers hired kids because they were inexpensive and easy to manage. In the 1800s, kids as young as six years old worked in textile mills for 12 hours each day. By the end of the century, almost 2 million kids performed dangerous tasks in the workplace. The long working hours weren’t the only issue. The work conditions were often poor and the young children were paid very little for their efforts. Any child who misbehaved while at work was punished and sent to a “whipping room.” Workers hardly had any time for breaks and most had to eat their lunch while continuing their workplace duties. Which of the following statements is a fact? A) Most of the work that children completed was difficult. B) Children were hired because they were cheap to pay for their work. C) Almost 2 million kids worked in farms, mins and facori children was cheap and kids were easy to manage. D) “Whipping rooms” were used for children who misbehaved in the workplace.
I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. There were way less people in the country. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Which sentence from the selection above presents a fact? A) It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. B) I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. C) There were way less people in the country. D) The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life.
I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. There were way less people in the country. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Which sentence from the selection above presents a fact? A) It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. B) I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. C) There were way less people in the country. D) The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life.
California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. B He is also a great dad to his three children. C Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. D In the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal.
California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. B He is also a great dad to his three children. C Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. D In the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal.
Computers are the latest tool artists are using to create new art. Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. Before, artists sketched plans for a new piece on paper. Now many of them bring their ideas to life by using computer programs. With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations. CAD can even produce images of three-dimensional shapes. These images can help artists plan their work before they create it. Even though this new technology has many benefits, it also has some drawbacks. Computer programs are expensive. An artist has to but thy the program in order to use it. Also, some of these programs can be hard for artists to understand. Other programs require artists to take a class, so that they can learn the programs’ special features. In spite of the drawbacks, computers are changing the way that artists create art. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. B Computer programs are expensive. C With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations.
Computers are the latest tool artists are using to create new art. Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. Before, artists sketched plans for a new piece on paper. Now many of them bring their ideas to life by using computer programs. With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations. CAD can even produce images of three-dimensional shapes. These images can help artists plan their work before they create it. Even though this new technology has many benefits, it also has some drawbacks. Computer programs are expensive. An artist has to but thy the program in order to use it. Also, some of these programs can be hard for artists to understand. Other programs require artists to take a class, so that they can learn the programs’ special features. In spite of the drawbacks, computers are changing the way that artists create art. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. B Computer programs are expensive. C With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations.
The following slides include questions for: 4.6 (C) First Vs. Third Person Narrator First vs. Third person requires that students pay attention to the first person and third person pronouns that are used to substitute a character or their name. I, my, and myself -- First Person You -- Second person He, she, them, they, or character’s names -- Third person
Alexa had always needed glasses, for as long as she could remember. She was nine years old, and that was probably about long she’d been wearing glasses. Looking back, Alexa couldn’t even remember when she got them. Who knows, maybe she was born wearing them. Alexa couldn’t see things from far away, but she also struggled with reading. Her vision was very poor. Sometimes, while she was doing her work in class, her glasses would slide down to the tip of her nose. Once, they even fell off her face and landed on the floor. “Alexa, what are you doing?” her teacher, Mrs. Niles, asked when she saw Alexa crawling on the floor with her hands stretched out. Who is the narrator of this story? A The reader B Alexa C Mrs. Niles D An outside observer
Alexa had always needed glasses, for as long as she could remember. She was nine years old, and that was probably about long she’d been wearing glasses. Looking back, Alexa couldn’t even remember when she got them. Who knows, maybe she was born wearing them. Alexa couldn’t see things from far away, but she also struggled with reading. Her vision was very poor. Sometimes, while she was doing her work in class, her glasses would slide down to the tip of her nose. Once, they even fell off her face and landed on the floor. “Alexa, what are you doing?” her teacher, Mrs. Niles, asked when she saw Alexa crawling on the floor with her hands stretched out. Who is the narrator of this story? A The reader B Alexa C Mrs. Niles D An outside observer
I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Whose perspective is this short story being told from? A Third person narrator B First person narrator C Second person narrator D An outside observer
I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Whose perspective is this short story being told from? A Third person narrator B First person narrator C Second person narrator D An outside observer
California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Who is the narrator of this passage? A Alejandro B A third-person narrator C A first-person narrator D Alejandro’s children
California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Who is the narrator of this passage? A Alejandro B A third-person narrator C A first-person narrator D Alejandro’s children
The following slides include questions for: describe the interaction of characters including their relationships and the changes they undergo 4.6 (B) Any time a teacher is reading fiction or personal narratives to the class, it is important to note the character’s feelings and emotions throughout the story. It can help to list adjectives on the whiteboard as soon as they are observable when reading. Then, teachers should periodically stop while reading to highlight how those adjectives may have changed. This can be challenging because many students have a limited vocabulary when it comes to describing emotional states.
Toward the end of Spring Break, my mom decided to surprise our family with a “vacation.” I say “vacation” because what she suggested as a relaxing getaway was actually a horrible idea for someone wanting relaxation. If you wanted to take some time off, wouldn’t you pick a peaceful spa or a luxurious beach? But when my mom gets tired of working, she likes to go on hikes. Not that I don’t like doing things in the great outdoors: earlier this year I raised a butterfly, and I love planting flowers. But what I want to do when I’m tired is sit by a pool. Hiking is hard! I’d more likely take a vacation from hiking than I would go hiking on vacation. But there Mom was, standing in the kitchen with a map in one hand and a tent pole in the other. She was poking me with the pole as I tried to eat my toast. By the end of this passage, the reader can tell that the narrator-- A) does not like spending time with his mother. B) is looking forward to hiking with his mother. C) does not know how to build a tent. D) does not want to go hiking during his Spring Break.
Toward the end of Spring Break, my mom decided to surprise our family with a “vacation.” I say “vacation” because what she suggested as a relaxing getaway was actually a horrible idea for someone wanting relaxation. If you wanted to take some time off, wouldn’t you pick a peaceful spa or a luxurious beach? But when my mom gets tired of working, she likes to go on hikes. Not that I don’t like doing things in the great outdoors: earlier this year I raised a butterfly, and I love planting flowers. But what I want to do when I’m tired is sit by a pool. Hiking is hard! I’d more likely take a vacation from hiking than I would go hiking on vacation. But there Mom was, standing in the kitchen with a map in one hand and a tent pole in the other. She was poking me with the pole as I tried to eat my toast. By the end of this passage, the reader can tell that the narrator-- A) does not like spending time with his mother. B) is looking forward to hiking with his mother. C) does not know how to build a tent. D) does not want to go hiking during his Spring Break.
“Hurry or we’ll miss the bus to the library, Eric!” called Mrs. Lopez. The Lopez family had moved to Dallas from Costa Rica last month and Eric was going to get his library card today. On the bus, Eric’s grandmother became aware of something unusual. She saw Eric was very quiet and looked rather sad. “Is something wrong, honey?” she asked. Eric frowned. He then took out a tissue to blow his nose. “My speaking of English is not good. What if the library lady is not able to understand what I am saying?” he said. “Your English gets better and better every day. I’m positive that the librarian will understand you,” Mrs. Lopez said confidently. “I am sure that you will be able to take some books home today.” Mrs. Lopez’s comments to Eric shows that she is-- A) Determined B) Supportive C) Worried D) Curious
“Hurry or we’ll miss the bus to the library, Eric!” called Mrs. Lopez. The Lopez family had moved to Dallas from Costa Rica last month and Eric was going to get his library card today. On the bus, Eric’s grandmother became aware of something unusual. She saw Eric was very quiet and looked rather sad. “Is something wrong, honey?” she asked. Eric frowned. He then took out a tissue to blow his nose. “My speaking of English is not good. What if the library lady is not able to understand what I am saying?” he said. “Your English gets better and better every day. I’m positive that the librarian will understand you,” Mrs. Lopez said confidently. “I am sure that you will be able to take some books home today.” Mrs. Lopez’s comments to Eric shows that she is-- A) Determined B) Supportive C) Worried D) Curious
When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday, so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like it was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. The narrator’s feelings in this story change because-- F) He has family that just arrived to the house. G) A clown is standing at the front door. H) Today is his brother’s birthday party. J) The sound of the doorbell startled him.
When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday, so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like it was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. The narrator’s feelings in this story change because-- F) He has family that just arrived to the house. G) A clown is standing at the front door. H) Today is his brother’s birthday party. J) The sound of the doorbell startled him.
Alex could feel his cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and he got chills every time she even spoke to him. On any given day, Alex wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! After all, Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year Alex’s friends would make fun of him for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. He bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all Alex could think about was the Valentine’s party later that day! Alex’s actions in the passage above suggests that -- F) Cindy is the most beautiful girl at school. G) Alex is not nervous to talk with Cindy. H) Alex does not care what Mr. Dunn has to say during morning announcements. J) Alex likes Cindy and is looking forward to telling her.
Alex could feel his cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and he got chills every time she even spoke to him. On any given day, Alex wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! After all, Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year Alex’s friends would make fun of him for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. He bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all Alex could think about was the Valentine’s party later that day! Alex’s actions in the passage above suggests that -- F) Cindy is the most beautiful girl at school. G) Alex is not nervous to talk with Cindy. H) Alex does not care what Mr. Dunn has to say during morning announcements. J) Alex likes Cindy and is looking forward to telling her.
Adam stared into the back seat of his father’s car, and his head dropped. “I have to carry these?” He looked at the tent poles and then back at his dad. “I’ve never made a tent before, Dad.” “Today’s a perfect day to start, then, huh?” remarked his father, who was grabbing other camping gear from the trunk. “You’re old enough to set that up now.” “I’m barely ten,” groaned Adam, as he struggled with the tent bag. It felt heavy and awkward, and he dropped it after only a few feet. Thankfully, it was right where he was supposed to set up the tent anyway. After dragging the tarp and the tent poles over, Adam began building while his father cleaned out the car, occasionally glancing over at his son to check in on him. Adam wasn’t doing too well. The tent poles were tangled, the tarps weren’t spread straight, and after nearly an hour of fighting with the whole thing, Adam lost his cool. Adam’s actions in the paragraph above suggests that-- A) he does not like to try new things. B) his father is always asking him to set up the tent. C) the tent is too heavy for Adam to carry. D) he is not looking forward to setting up the tent by himself.
Adam stared into the back seat of his father’s car, and his head dropped. “I have to carry these?” He looked at the tent poles and then back at his dad. “I’ve never made a tent before, Dad.” “Today’s a perfect day to start, then, huh?” remarked his father, who was grabbing other camping gear from the trunk. “You’re old enough to set that up now.” “I’m barely ten,” groaned Adam, as he struggled with the tent bag. It felt heavy and awkward, and he dropped it after only a few feet. Thankfully, it was right where he was supposed to set up the tent anyway. After dragging the tarp and the tent poles over, Adam began building while his father cleaned out the car, occasionally glancing over at his son to check in on him. Adam wasn’t doing too well. The tent poles were tangled, the tarps weren’t spread straight, and after nearly an hour of fighting with the whole thing, Adam lost his cool. Adam’s actions in the paragraph above suggests that-- A) he does not like to try new things. B) his father is always asking him to set up the tent. C) the tent is too heavy for Adam to carry. D) he is not looking forward to setting up the tent by himself.
Adriana fell onto the bed exhausted. Her first day in the new neighborhood had been stressful. There was the work of unpacking all her stuff. There were the stares from the neighbors. Now she just needed to get some sleep, but the next day was going to be even worse. It was the first day of school! She turned out the light, punched the pillow a handful of times, and looked up at the ceiling. She stared. “Oh, no--not again,” she thought to herself. When her clock showed midnight, she turned over on her back. The next time she looked, it was 1 a.m., then 2 a.m. “Perfect. I'll definitely make an impression on the kids in the cafeteria tomorrow, especially if I fall asleep face down in my soup! I'll bet they haven't seen that before.” Adriana is most likely worried about -- A) falling asleep face down in her soup. B) making friends in her new neighborhood and school. C) getting enough sleep. D) whether or not she will finish unpacking before it’s time to go to bed.
Adriana fell onto the bed exhausted. Her first day in the new neighborhood had been stressful. There was the work of unpacking all her stuff. There were the stares from the neighbors. Now she just needed to get some sleep, but the next day was going to be even worse. It was the first day of school! She turned out the light, punched the pillow a handful of times, and looked up at the ceiling. She stared. “Oh, no--not again,” she thought to herself. When her clock showed midnight, she turned over on her back. The next time she looked, it was 1 a.m., then 2 a.m. “Perfect. I'll definitely make an impression on the kids in the cafeteria tomorrow, especially if I fall asleep face down in my soup! I'll bet they haven't seen that before.” Adriana is most likely worried about -- A) falling asleep face down in her soup. B) making friends in her new neighborhood and school. C) getting enough sleep. D) whether or not she will finish unpacking before it’s time to go to bed.
The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category Supporting 4.10 Text Features One of the biggest mistakes that teachers make when teaching text features is simply teaching students how to identify the types and categories of text features (headings, subheadings, captions, etc.). It is important for students to be able to recognize these features, but it is more important for students to understand how the text feature connects with, enhances, or supports the passage. For each of the questions below, there is an additional slide with the text feature enlarged so that you can more closely examine it with your students! Enjoy!
This message is top secret. I am from Nigeria. There are millions of dollars that have been put in my account. But I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. This is 100 percent real, with no risk to you. Sounds like a great deal. In fact, it sounds too good to be true. And it is. This is a scam email. A scam is meant to trick people. You will never get a million dollars—or your money back. What is the most likely reason that the author of this paragraph would include this graph with the article? A) To encourage readers to be careful when shopping online B) To show readers how important it is to avoid sending money to someone you don’t know. C) To educate readers on the major ways that people are tricked into giving away their money. D) To show different ways people spend their money.
This message is top secret. I am from Nigeria. There are millions of dollars that have been put in my account. But I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. This is 100 percent real, with no risk to you. Sounds like a great deal. In fact, it sounds too good to be true. And it is. This is a scam email. A scam is meant to trick people. You will never get a million dollars—or your money back. What is the most likely reason that the author of this paragraph would include this graph with the article? A) To encourage readers to be careful when shopping online B) To show readers how important it is to avoid sending money to someone you don’t know. C) To educate readers on the major ways that people are tricked into giving away their money. D) To show different ways people spend their money.
Deep in the jungle of southeastern Mexico, archaeologists found an unexpected surprise. They spotted what appeared to be a mound-like shape peeking out from the ground. Curious, the archaeologists began digging. As the team chipped away at the earth, the mound became larger and more incredible than the scientists had expected. They soon realized they had found an ancient pyramid! What’s more, it was decorated with dozens of murals unlike any they had seen before. Experts say the art— and the pyramid—belonged to the Mayan people. The Mayas were native peoples who lived more than 1,000 years ago in what is now Mexico and Central America. The picture above was most likely included with the article in order to-- A) To teach readers how to draw images of the Mayan people. B) To show readers how the Mayan people looked. C) To provide examples of the types of drawings found by the archaeologists. D) To show readers what types of tools were commonly used among the Mayan people.
Deep in the jungle of southeastern Mexico, archaeologists found an unexpected surprise. They spotted what appeared to be a mound-like shape peeking out from the ground. Curious, the archaeologists began digging. As the team chipped away at the earth, the mound became larger and more incredible than the scientists had expected. They soon realized they had found an ancient pyramid! What’s more, it was decorated with dozens of murals unlike any they had seen before. Experts say the art— and the pyramid—belonged to the Mayan people. The Mayas were native peoples who lived more than 1,000 years ago in what is now Mexico and Central America. The picture above was most likely included with the article in order to-- A) To teach readers how to draw images of the Mayan people. B) To show readers how the Mayan people looked. C) To provide examples of the types of drawings found by the archaeologists. D) To show readers what types of tools were commonly used among the Mayan people.
An asteroid or meteor is more likely to hit Earth than the moon. This is because our planet has greater gravity, which attracts more debris from outer space. But we can see many thousands of craters on the moon. Have you ever wondered why we don’t see as many on Earth? Both the moon and the Earth have been hit several times throughout their histories. The biggest difference between the two is that Earth has a process, known as erosion, that can erase almost all evidence of past impacts. The moon does not. Nearly any dent or imprint made on the surface of the moon is going to stay there. Why would the author of this paragraph include the photo above? A) To show readers what a meteor looks like in outer space. B) To provide readers with an idea of how large the moon is. C) To show readers what the moon looks like at night. D) To provide readers with an example of craters on the moon.
An asteroid or meteor is more likely to hit Earth than the moon. This is because our planet has greater gravity, which attracts more debris from outer space. But we can see many thousands of craters on the moon. Have you ever wondered why we don’t see as many on Earth? Both the moon and the Earth have been hit several times throughout their histories. The biggest difference between the two is that Earth has a process, known as erosion, that can erase almost all evidence of past impacts. The moon does not. Nearly any dent or imprint made on the surface of the moon is going to stay there. Why would the author of this paragraph include the photo above? A) To show readers what a meteor looks like in outer space. B) To provide readers with an idea of how large the moon is. C) To show readers what the moon looks like at night. D) To provide readers with an example of craters on the moon.
Climates have changed a lot over time. Sometimes a region is warmer than average for 100 years! Until recently, warmer temperatures have occurred for natural reasons. Today, humans may be changing the climate and making it warmer through man-made pollution. If the Earth continues to warm up, the ice on the North and South Poles could melt, causing the oceans to rise and cover more land. Many places along the coasts of every continent would be underwater. In the last 100 years, average temperatures have risen 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Although it may not seem like much, this change is more than double previous temperature increases. The average temperature rose only five degrees over the last 5,000 years. Scientists think the average temperature could rise another five degrees in the next 100 years. The graph above was included with the selection in order to-- A) show how high sea levels have risen in the last 100 plus years. B) show how the average temperatures have increased over the last 100 plus years C) provide the temperatures over the last 100 plus years. D) show how temperatures have changed in 5 years.
Climates have changed a lot over time. Sometimes a region is warmer than average for 100 years! Until recently, warmer temperatures have occurred for natural reasons. Today, humans may be changing the climate and making it warmer through man-made pollution. If the Earth continues to warm up, the ice on the North and South Poles could melt, causing the oceans to rise and cover more land. Many places along the coasts of every continent would be underwater. In the last 100 years, average temperatures have risen 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Although it may not seem like much, this change is more than double previous temperature increases. The average temperature rose only five degrees over the last 5,000 years. Scientists think the average temperature could rise another five degrees in the next 100 years. The graph above was included with the selection in order to-- A) show how high sea levels have risen in the last 100 plus years. B) show how the average temperatures have increased over the last 100 plus years C) provide the temperatures over the last 100 plus years. D) show how temperatures have changed in 5 years.
The arrows are included in the image above for all of the following reasons EXCEPT-- A) to show which direction water travels when it is evaporating. B) to show which direction water travels when it is raining. C) to show the order in which each event occurs during the water cycle. D) to show which direction the water travels from rivers into oceans. The Earth’s water cycle begins with a change in temperature. When the sun heats the Earth, water from oceans, lakes, and rivers evaporates. It changes into an invisible gas. Water rises into the air and eventually clouds form. Water returns to Earth’s surface as rain. Rain flows into rivers or streams back to the ocean or lakes. Condensation is also an important part of the creation of rain. The air far up in the sky is very cold. When the warm air that contains water droplets rises from earth and meets cold air, the droplets become visible. This process is called condensation. Clouds are formed as the air high up becomes colder and heavier. When the water drops grow too heavy, they fall out of the clouds as precipitation, or rain. When it rains, the cycle starts all over again!
The arrows are included in the image above for all of the following reasons EXCEPT-- A) to show which direction water travels when it is evaporating. B) to show which direction water travels when it is raining. C) to show the order in which each event occurs during the water cycle. D) to show which direction the water travels from rivers into oceans. The Earth’s water cycle begins with a change in temperature. When the sun heats the Earth, water from oceans, lakes, and rivers evaporates. It changes into an invisible gas. Water rises into the air and eventually clouds form. Water returns to Earth’s surface as rain. Rain flows into rivers or streams back to the ocean or lakes. Condensation is also an important part of the creation of rain. The air far up in the sky is very cold. When the warm air that contains water droplets rises from earth and meets cold air, the droplets become visible. This process is called condensation. Clouds are formed as the air high up becomes colder and heavier. When the water drops grow too heavy, they fall out of the clouds as precipitation, or rain. When it rains, the cycle starts all over again!
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125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx
125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx

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125FourthGradeSTAARReadingBellringers-1.pptx

  • 1. 125+ Fourth Grade Reading STAAR Bellringers
  • 2. Teaching reading is hard, especially because it is one of the most difficult content areas to find resources for. It’s not like math or writing where you can come up with activities on the fly. Teaching Reading requires being prepared each and every day. The resources that can be found online oftentimes do not have questions that are rigorous enough or that are STAAR-aligned. Another challenge with teaching reading is being able to focus on specific skills with students. This resource is perfect for that. It includes questions for each of the TEKS typically tested on STAAR. If you aren’t familiar with the TEK numbers and what they mean, that’s okay. The teacher’s term for the TEK is included with each section so you know whether the questions that follow relate to main idea, inferencing, summary, cause and effect, etc. Each section also has a brief summary on what mastering the skill entails and how to teach it. The answer key is included after each question to ensure your not guessing your way through guided practice. Enjoy!
  • 3. How to use this resource: There are a lot of resources on TPT that are designed to be used as stations or as flashcards. This resource is not one of those two things. It is best used with whole group progress monitoring. You can either use it as a bellringer at the beginning of class or at the end as an exit ticket. It is great for modeling the reader’s thinking process, the thought process involved with eliminating incorrect answers, and other aspects of reading, vocabulary and comprehension. If you feel like this resource can be used in other ways, please take advantage of those approaches!
  • 4. The following TEKS (skills) are tested within this resource: ● 4.10 (Fig 19D) Author’s Purpose ● 4.2 B Context Clues ● 4.11 B Fact and Opinion ● 4.6 C First vs. Third Person ● 4.6 B Character interactions and changes ● 4.10 Text Features ● 4.11 A Main Idea ● 4.6 (Fig 19D) Inferencing ● 4.11C Cause and Effect ● Poetry (multiple TEKS)
  • 5. If you end up appreciating this resource, be sure to check out my TPT store to see what other resources might be beneficial in your classroom. https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Big-Texs- Teaching-Resources
  • 6. The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 3 Readiness 4.10 Fig. 19(D) Author’s Purpose Author’s purpose is more complex than most teachers realize. Using the acronym PIE to teach author’s purpose makes students think that author’s purpose is limited to persuasive, informative, or entertaining (PIE) writing, when in fact it can be more specific. Pay attention to the verbiage of the following slides in the answer choices. They will include vocab words such as... Inform, describe, tell, explain, demonstrate, show, convince, teach, etc.
  • 7. In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why glass frogs have certain features. B) describe how scientists discovered a new species of frog. C) convince readers to help protect the glass frog’s environment. D) entertain the reader with fun facts about glass frogs.
  • 8. In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why glass frogs have certain features. B) describe how scientists discovered a new species of frog. C) convince readers to help protect the glass frog’s environment. D) entertain the reader with fun facts about glass frogs.
  • 9. Alzheimer’s Disease is an illness that people receive as they age. It leads to individuals losing memories they once possessed. The Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral Center (ADEAR) says that with Alzheimer's, the forgetting is about things that are part of everyday life. You might not notice the symptoms of AD at first. The early symptoms usually develop slowly. Only later, when a person starts saying and doing things that seem very different from before, are the symptoms noticeable. A person can forget how to get dressed, or they might not remember how to get home from the grocery store that is visited once a week. Sadly, a person may not recognize loved ones at all. This is why Alzheimer's has also been called the “mind-robbing” disease. Why did the author include the information in the paragraph above? F) To explain how so many people get the disease G) To educate the reader about Alzheimer’s Disease and it’s symptoms. H) To tell the reader about the ADEAR organization and the work they are doing.
  • 10. Alzheimer’s Disease is an illness that people receive as they age. It leads to individuals losing memories they once possessed. The Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral Center (ADEAR) says that with Alzheimer's, the forgetting is about things that are part of everyday life. You might not notice the symptoms of AD at first. The early symptoms usually develop slowly. Only later, when a person starts saying and doing things that seem very different from before, are the symptoms noticeable. A person can forget how to get dressed, or they might not remember how to get home from the grocery store that is visited once a week. Sadly, a person may not recognize loved ones at all. This is why Alzheimer's has also been called the “mind-robbing” disease. Why did the author include the information in the paragraph above? F) To explain how so many people get the disease G) To educate the reader about Alzheimer’s Disease and it’s symptoms. H) To tell the reader about the ADEAR organization and the work they are doing.
  • 11. Head lice can happen to anyone. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. Head lice are tiny insects that live in human hair. They hatch from small eggs, called nits, which are attached to the base of a person’s hair. The nit is small and white and attaches about ¼ inch from the scalp on the hair. The eggs hatch in seven to ten days, with new louse reaching adulthood in about two weeks. The female louse can live 20 to 30 days and lay 6 to 10 eggs per day. Prevention is the key word in the control of head lice in school, and the schools need parents’ help. They ask that parents check their child’s head over the ears and at the base of the neck each week. Parents and children should watch for nonstop itching, because it is a good sign that something is wrong. Head lice are transmitted in a number of ways, not only by physical contact. Parents should teach their children not to borrow combs, brushes, ribbons or head covers. If spending the night away from home, kids should take their own sleeping bag and pillow. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph in the selection above is to-- A) explain to the reader how to get rid of head lice if a child has them. B) inform the reader about head lice and how they spread within human hair. C) provide the reader with ways to prevent the spreading of head lice. D) describe to the reader how head lice can impact a child’s health.
  • 12. Head lice can happen to anyone. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. Head lice are tiny insects that live in human hair. They hatch from small eggs, called nits, which are attached to the base of a person’s hair. The nit is small and white and attaches about ¼ inch from the scalp on the hair. The eggs hatch in seven to ten days, with new louse reaching adulthood in about two weeks. The female louse can live 20 to 30 days and lay 6 to 10 eggs per day. Prevention is the key word in the control of head lice in school, and the schools need parents’ help. They ask that parents check their child’s head over the ears and at the base of the neck each week. Parents and children should watch for nonstop itching, because it is a good sign that something is wrong. Head lice are transmitted in a number of ways, not only by physical contact. Parents should teach their children not to borrow combs, brushes, ribbons or head covers. If spending the night away from home, kids should take their own sleeping bag and pillow. The author’s purpose in writing the second paragraph in the selection above is to-- A) explain to the reader how to get rid of head lice if a child has them. B) inform the reader about head lice and how they spread within human hair. C) provide the reader with ways to prevent the spreading of head lice. D) describe to the reader how head lice can impact a child’s health.
  • 13. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, American students are performing more poorly than other countries in math, reading and science. Many people believe that an extended school day can help close the gap. For many students going back to school this year, the school day will be nearly 45 minutes longer than it was the previous year. It’s part of a nation-wide trend to increase the amount of time students spend in the classroom. In 2012, nearly 100 elementary schools in Virginia extended their school day by one hour. As a result, many of these schools noticed an increase in students’ reading test scores. In some schools, the extended day allows students more time for special activities like art, music and P.E. Other schools have decided to use the extra time for lunch and recess! The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain what changes schools are able to make after lengthening their B) describe how students feel about longer school days C) inform readers that an extended school day may be beneficial for schools D) explain the negative results of extending the school day
  • 14. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, American students are performing more poorly than other countries in math, reading and science. Many people believe that an extended school day can help close the gap. For many students going back to school this year, the school day will be nearly 45 minutes longer than it was the previous year. It’s part of a nation-wide trend to increase the amount of time students spend in the classroom. In 2012, nearly 100 elementary schools in Virginia extended their school day by one hour. As a result, many of these schools noticed an increase in students’ reading test scores. In some schools, the extended day allows students more time for special activities like art, music and P.E. Other schools have decided to use the extra time for lunch and recess! The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain what changes schools are able to make after lengthening their B) describe how students feel about longer school days C) inform readers that an extended school day may be beneficial for schools D) explain the negative results of extending the school day
  • 15. Can you imagine a week without watching SpongeBob SquarePants, Stranger Things or your favorite TV show? The TV-Turnoff Network wants you to do just that—and imagine what you can do instead of watching TV. As a result, the theme of TV-Turnoff Week is "Imagine." The event takes place from April 24 to April 30. The organization would like to raise awareness about the negative effects of watching too much TV. On average, each person in the United States watches at least four hours of television per day, according to RealVision and the TV-Turnoff Network. In fact, kids spend more time in front of the television (1,023 hours per year) than in school (900 hours per year)! Experts say that too much TV time is bad for children. Kids don’t perform as well in school and don’t exercise enough. Robert Kesten, executive director of the TV-Turnoff Network, hopes that kids will turn off the TV and participate in other interests. "We think kids will be surprised with the new discoveries they will make if they choose to shut off the TV for a week." Kesten told ABN News. The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why the TV-Turnoff Network is trying to decrease the time kids spend watching TV. B) have the reader think about what life would be like without watching television. C) to persuade the reader to participate in TV-turnoff Week. D) entertain the reader with interesting information about television.
  • 16. Can you imagine a week without watching SpongeBob SquarePants, Stranger Things or your favorite TV show? The TV-Turnoff Network wants you to do just that—and imagine what you can do instead of watching TV. As a result, the theme of TV-Turnoff Week is "Imagine." The event takes place from April 24 to April 30. The organization would like to raise awareness about the negative effects of watching too much TV. On average, each person in the United States watches at least four hours of television per day, according to RealVision and the TV-Turnoff Network. In fact, kids spend more time in front of the television (1,023 hours per year) than in school (900 hours per year)! Experts say that too much TV time is bad for children. Kids don’t perform as well in school and don’t exercise enough. Robert Kesten, executive director of the TV-Turnoff Network, hopes that kids will turn off the TV and participate in other interests. "We think kids will be surprised with the new discoveries they will make if they choose to shut off the TV for a week." Kesten told ABN News. The author’s purpose in writing the paragraph above is to-- A) explain why the TV-Turnoff Network is trying to decrease the time kids spend watching TV. B) have the reader think about what life would be like without watching television. C) to persuade the reader to participate in TV-turnoff Week. D) entertain the reader with interesting information about television.
  • 17. When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) show readers that there was disagreement about whether or not to build the Eiffel tower. B) explain to readers why the Eiffel tower could not be built in the the city of Paris. C) describe the process that Gustave Eiffel went through while designing the Eiffel tower. D) persuade the reader to visit the Eiffel tower in Paris, France.
  • 18. When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) show readers that there was disagreement about whether or not to build the Eiffel tower. B) explain to readers why the Eiffel tower could not be built in the the city of Paris. C) describe the process that Gustave Eiffel went through while designing the Eiffel tower. D) persuade the reader to visit the Eiffel tower in Paris, France.
  • 19. This message is message is extremely important. I am from Uganda. I have millions of dollars in my bank account, but I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send me a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. The message above sounds like a great deal, doesn’t it? And it would be--if it were true. This is an example of an email sent to millions of people each year trying to scam them out of their money. These people, known as scam artists, are sitting behind a computer screen far away creating plans to take money from innocent people. These types of messages always have a few things in common, so pay attention! Scam emails most likely always come from someone you’ve never met or heard of. Also, they usually tell people that they will receive money in return for giving money. Lastly, scam artists ask for a piece important personal information that should never be shared with strangers, like account information. If you ever receive a message above that sounds like it is too good to be true, it’s best to delete it right away! Written response: the author most likely wrote the article above in order to--
  • 20. The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) describe how armadillos look and how they received their name B) explain how armadillos are being used to fight against deadly diseases. C) entertain the reader with information Spanish explorers in Central America. D) educate the reader on the armadillo’s habitat and diet.
  • 21. The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) describe how armadillos look and how they received their name B) explain how armadillos are being used to fight against deadly diseases. C) entertain the reader with information Spanish explorers in Central America. D) educate the reader on the armadillo’s habitat and diet.
  • 22. Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) persuade readers to visit the statue of Sam Houston. B) entertain readers with a story about David Adickes. C) provide information about the statue of Sam Houston. D) describe the process that was used when designing the statue.
  • 23. Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. The author was most likely wrote this selection in order to-- A) persuade readers to visit the statue of Sam Houston. B) entertain readers with a story about David Adickes. C) provide information about the statue of Sam Houston. D) describe the process that was used when designing the statue.
  • 24. The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 1 Readiness 4.2(b) Context Clues Context clues can be a tricky skill to learn. First, never build the bad habit of telling students to skip a word and come back to it.” While there are multiple strategies involved in teaching context clues, it is important for students to know that some of the tick answer choices simply include words that were present in the passage. Having vocabulary notebooks, and educating students on homophones, homographs, prefixes, suffixes, and base words can help make answering context clue questions fairly easy.
  • 25. In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” In the paragraph above, the word transparent means: A) fragile B) green C) slippery D) clear
  • 26. In 2012, a group of scientists were exploring a rainforest in South America when, all of the sudden, they heard a familiar noise. It was the sound of frogs! When they shined their flashlights in the direction of the noise and found a tiny frog, the frog had large eyes and bright-green colored skin. However, it had one very interesting feature. The skin on its belly was so clear that the scientists could see its organs! Because it had transparent skin, the scientists knew it was a type of glass frog. They had never observed a frog like this in their previous research. “It was amazing,” said Charles Austin, one of the researchers who discovered the frog. “We had a feeling this was a species new to science.” In the paragraph above, the word transparent means: A) fragile B) green C) slippery D) clear
  • 27. Before crawling into bed with her favorite book, Angela went online using her computer and internet and learned that in addition to worms, blue jays eat berries and fruits such as grapes, cherries, and tomatoes. The next day, during breakfast, Angela mimicked a mama bird by chirping as she dropped worms and fruit into the chick’s mouth. Angela’s mom complimented her on how talented she was at making bird noises. When breakfast was finally over, the family voted and decided to name the bird. In the paragraph above, the word mimicked means — F) fed G) imitated H) touched J) pretended
  • 28. Before crawling into bed with her favorite book, Angela went online using her computer and internet and learned that in addition to worms, blue jays eat berries and fruits such as grapes, cherries, and tomatoes. The next day, during breakfast, Angela mimicked a mama bird by chirping as she dropped worms and fruit into the chick’s mouth. Angela’s mom complimented her on how talented she was at making bird noises. When breakfast was finally over, the family voted and decided to name the bird. In the paragraph above, the word mimicked means — F) fed G) imitated H) touched J) pretended
  • 29. It did not stop. Cold white confetti came down on the city of Montreal morning, noon, and night, and already Susannah was wondering when the party would end. The other kids in her class loved the snow. They loved that sometimes, when the winds picked up and the roads turned icy, school was cancelled. They liked to build towering forts and snowmen, whose noses were the carrot sticks they found packed in their lunchboxes. Susannah despised the snow. More than that, she hated everything about wintertime. Her family had taken a trip to Florida two winters ago, and she wished that they could live there all year round. In the paragraph above, the word despised means — F) disgusted G) disliked H) enjoyed J) played in
  • 30. It did not stop. Cold white confetti came down on the city of Montreal morning, noon, and night, and already Susannah was wondering when the party would end. The other kids in her class loved the snow. They loved that sometimes, when the winds picked up and the roads turned icy, school was cancelled. They liked to build towering forts and snowmen, whose noses were the carrot sticks they found packed in their lunchboxes. Susannah despised the snow. More than that, she hated everything about wintertime. Her family had taken a trip to Florida two winters ago, and she wished that they could live there all year round. In the paragraph above, the word despised means — F) disgusted G) disliked H) enjoyed J) played in
  • 31. My parents have been asleep for hours when I open the creaky attic door and climb the steps into the darkness. The flashlight beam sweeps ahead of me, illuminating trunks and piles of junk and who knows what else. I creep across the dusty floor, moving slowly and making sure not a single part of the attic escapes my flashlight’s glare. I ignore my sweaty palms, pounding heart, and the sickening sensation in my stomach that I am making a very bad mistake. This isn’t about facing my fears, I tell myself. It’s about getting some sleep. If I can’t sleep, I can’t study. If I can’t study, I’ll flunk out of school and have to join the circus. And the fact is I don’t like the circus one bit. In the paragraph above, the word illuminating means — F) finding the location G) shining light on H) searching for J) gloomy
  • 32. My parents have been asleep for hours when I open the creaky attic door and climb the steps into the darkness. The flashlight beam sweeps ahead of me, illuminating trunks and piles of junk and who knows what else. I creep across the dusty floor, moving slowly and making sure not a single part of the attic escapes my flashlight’s glare. I ignore my sweaty palms, pounding heart, and the sickening sensation in my stomach that I am making a very bad mistake. This isn’t about facing my fears, I tell myself. It’s about getting some sleep. If I can’t sleep, I can’t study. If I can’t study, I’ll flunk out of school and have to join the circus. And the fact is I don’t like the circus one bit. In the paragraph above, the word illuminating means — F) finding the location G) shining light on H) searching for J) gloomy
  • 33. The Secret Service, the organization responsible for protecting the President of the United States, began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861-1865). At the time, many southern states wanted to leave the Union. The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters. Many people disagreed with what Lincoln was trying to accomplish and wanted him dead. Some tried to kidnap him. Others took shots at him. A bullet knocked Lincoln’s hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road. In the paragraph above, the word assassinated means — F) shot at G) kidnapped H) elected J) killed
  • 34. The Secret Service, the organization responsible for protecting the President of the United States, began its work three months after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated. Lincoln was president during the Civil War (1861-1865). At the time, many southern states wanted to leave the Union. The capital city of Washington was full of thieves and plotters. Many people disagreed with what Lincoln was trying to accomplish and wanted him dead. Some tried to kidnap him. Others took shots at him. A bullet knocked Lincoln’s hat off his head one day when he was riding a horse along a country road. In the paragraph above, the word assassinated means — F) shot at G) kidnapped H) elected J) killed
  • 35. When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. In the paragraph above, the word collapse means — F) to explode G) to fall apart or fall down H) sway from side to side J) would be ugly
  • 36. When Gustave Eiffel and his team were designing the Eiffel tower, they were convinced that their design would work, but not everyone agreed. Some critics thought that a tower that tall would not handle the wind very well. One famous mathematics professor claimed that high wind speeds would cause even a shorter tower to collapse. Other people had a different concern. After construction began, a group of three hundred artists, writers, and architects tried to have the project stopped. They thought the tower would look ridiculous and would harm the Paris Skyline the same way that a huge black smokestack would. In the paragraph above, the word collapse means — F) to explode G) to fall apart or fall down H) sway from side to side J) would be ugly
  • 37. As long as the world depends on oil for energy, there will be pressure to look for new sources of oil. Many people oppose offshore drilling and the use of tanker ships to move off across the oceans. They say the risks of oil spilling and leaking are not risks worth taking. Many others argue that our growing energy needs make drilling through the ocean floor necessary. Scientists know that big pockets of oil lie beneath the ocean floor in many regions of the world. Those who favor offshore drilling believe that taking proper safety precautions will minimize the risks involved. But it is impossible to guarantee that large oil spills won’t happen. In the paragraph above, the word minimize means — F) reduce G) eliminate H) increase J) prevent
  • 38. As long as the world depends on oil for energy, there will be pressure to look for new sources of oil. Many people oppose offshore drilling and the use of tanker ships to move off across the oceans. They say the risks of oil spilling and leaking are not risks worth taking. Many others argue that our growing energy needs make drilling through the ocean floor necessary. Scientists know that big pockets of oil lie beneath the ocean floor in many regions of the world. Those who favor offshore drilling believe that taking proper safety precautions will minimize the risks involved. But it is impossible to guarantee that large oil spills won’t happen. In the paragraph above, the word minimize means — F) reduce G) eliminate H) increase J) prevent
  • 39. Most of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocolate candy. Other chocolate goes into ice cream, chocolate drinks, and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts. Even a sauce called mole, used in Mexican cooking, is made from chocolate. Each year, people around the world consume tons of chocolate. The people of Switzerland consume more chocolate per person than anyone else in the world. They are joined in their love of chocolate by people in many other European countries. In the paragraph above, the word consume means — F) produce G) eat H) create J) grow
  • 40. Most of the chocolate made in factories today is used to make chocolate candy. Other chocolate goes into ice cream, chocolate drinks, and baked goods such as cakes and doughnuts. Even a sauce called mole, used in Mexican cooking, is made from chocolate. Each year, people around the world consume tons of chocolate. The people of Switzerland consume more chocolate per person than anyone else in the world. They are joined in their love of chocolate by people in many other European countries. In the paragraph above, the word consume means — F) produce G) eat H) create J) grow
  • 41. Many Galapagos mammals are animals normally found far from the equator . Galapagos sea lions are the marine gymnasts of the islands. Their playful tricks amuse tourists, who sometimes snap selfies with these energetic animals. Sea lions live in large colonies. Female sea lions, known as cows, gather on beaches to nap. Adult males, or bulls, are territorial and extremely aggressive towards anyone who enters their habitat without an invitation. In the paragraph above, the word amuse means — F) attack G) distract H) annoy J) entertain
  • 42. Many Galapagos mammals are animals normally found far from the equator . Galapagos sea lions are the marine gymnasts of the islands. Their playful tricks amuse tourists, who sometimes snap selfies with these energetic animals. Sea lions live in large colonies. Female sea lions, known as cows, gather on beaches to nap. Adult males, or bulls, are territorial and extremely aggressive towards anyone who enters their habitat without an invitation. In the paragraph above, the word amuse means — F) attack G) distract H) annoy J) entertain
  • 43. Brittany Arlington never forgets her lines. That’s partly because there aren’t any lines in the plays she performs. Brittany and her theater company tell stories without using words. They wear white face paint and dress in black. Their plays are performed on an empty stage and without any props. But when the show begins, the empty stage suddenly looks like a desert, a castle, a forest, or a dining room. Without switching her costume, Brittany transforms from a wiry old witch, to a cranky crow, to a bowl full of cereal. Though her hands are empty, she seems to be holding a pencil, a bottle of coke, or binoculars. In the paragraph above, the word transforms means — F) acts G) performs H) travels J) changes
  • 44. Brittany Arlington never forgets her lines. That’s partly because there aren’t any lines in the plays she performs. Brittany and her theater company tell stories without using words. They wear white face paint and dress in black. Their plays are performed on an empty stage and without any props. But when the show begins, the empty stage suddenly looks like a desert, a castle, a forest, or a dining room. Without switching her costume, Brittany transforms from a wiry old witch, to a cranky crow, to a bowl full of cereal. Though her hands are empty, she seems to be holding a pencil, a bottle of coke, or binoculars. In the paragraph above, the word transforms means — F) acts G) performs H) travels J) changes
  • 45. Paintball guns have the potential to cause injury, and they should be handled with care. "I don't think people understand how dangerous they can be," said the mother of a young boy who was injured by a paintball. Paintball guns are intended to be used in places where adults are supervising to ensure that people are playing in a safe manner. At paintball game centers, players must wear goggles and face masks for protection. Players also must follow strict rules. On the streets, however, those safety measures don't apply. Many times, bullies use paintball guns to hurt people and to damage property. In the paragraph above, the word supervising means — F) listening G) participating H) watching J) worrying
  • 46. Paintball guns have the potential to cause injury, and they should be handled with care. "I don't think people understand how dangerous they can be," said the mother of a young boy who was injured by a paintball. Paintball guns are intended to be used in places where adults are supervising to ensure that people are playing in a safe manner. At paintball game centers, players must wear goggles and face masks for protection. Players also must follow strict rules. On the streets, however, those safety measures don't apply. Many times, bullies use paintball guns to hurt people and to damage property. In the paragraph above, the word supervising means — F) listening G) participating H) watching J) worrying
  • 47. Ashley’s brother is sick. He has to stay at a hospital in San Antonio. Ashey, 10, and her parents live near the hospital at a special house for families of patients. Not every day is a good day, but recently a tiny visitor made a big difference for Ashley. Ashley met Toro, the world's smallest horse. "She was fascinating," Kimberly told ABC News. "I’ve never seen such a small horse before." Thumbelina is a miniature horse. She is also a dwarf for her breed, making her unusually small. Toro is only 17.5 inches tall. She is about the size of a medium-sized dog. Don't let her size fool you! Toro has a big job to do. The horse is visiting dozens of children's hospitals, camps, and schools to help cheer people up! In the paragraph above, the word miniature means — F) little G) huge H) special
  • 48. Ashley’s brother is sick. He has to stay at a hospital in San Antonio. Ashey, 10, and her parents live near the hospital at a special house for families of patients. Not every day is a good day, but recently a tiny visitor made a big difference for Ashley. Ashley met Toro, the world's smallest horse. "She was fascinating," Kimberly told ABC News. "I’ve never seen such a small horse before." Thumbelina is a miniature horse. She is also a dwarf for her breed, making her unusually small. Toro is only 17.5 inches tall. She is about the size of a medium-sized dog. Don't let her size fool you! Toro has a big job to do. The horse is visiting dozens of children's hospitals, camps, and schools to help cheer people up! In the paragraph above, the word miniature means — F) little G) huge H) special
  • 49. There are prizes, and then there are really big prizes! On December 10, 2006, winners of the Nobel Prizes received their prestigious, or important, awards for helping others. Accepting the Nobel award for work in promoting peace was Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank. It might seem odd that someone would receive a peace prize for founding a bank. But Yunus is no ordinary banker. In 1983, Yunus founded Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, a country in Asia. The bank gives small loans to poor villagers, especially women. The Nobel Prize committee honored Yunus because "peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty." In the paragraph above, the word ordinary means — F) rich G) strange H) important J) normal
  • 50. There are prizes, and then there are really big prizes! On December 10, 2006, winners of the Nobel Prizes received their prestigious, or important, awards for helping others. Accepting the Nobel award for work in promoting peace was Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank. It might seem odd that someone would receive a peace prize for founding a bank. But Yunus is no ordinary banker. In 1983, Yunus founded Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, a country in Asia. The bank gives small loans to poor villagers, especially women. The Nobel Prize committee honored Yunus because "peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty." In the paragraph above, the word ordinary means — F) rich G) strange H) important J) normal
  • 51. For a while now, our family has been taking buses to travel. Taking the bus does not cost very much money. Buying a bus pass is less expensive than paying for gas for a car. Cars need to be repaired and maintained, which costs money too. Riding the bus is hard, though, because we do not have control over what happens with it each day. The bus travels on its set route, and sometimes it’s late. It doesn't run all the time either, especially at night. Also, riding the bus makes it hard to change our plans. Because of all of these things, my mom is thinking about purchasing a car. How do we choose what kind of car to get? And how do we get it? We have a couple of options. One is to lease a car, which means to rent it for a period of time. This is good because it is a little cheaper than buying a car, and we won't have to own it forever. In the paragraph above, the word purchasing means — F) renting G) driving H) buying J) using
  • 52. For a while now, our family has been taking buses to travel. Taking the bus does not cost very much money. Buying a bus pass is less expensive than paying for gas for a car. Cars need to be repaired and maintained, which costs money too. Riding the bus is hard, though, because we do not have control over what happens with it each day. The bus travels on its set route, and sometimes it’s late. It doesn't run all the time either, especially at night. Also, riding the bus makes it hard to change our plans. Because of all of these things, my mom is thinking about purchasing a car. How do we choose what kind of car to get? And how do we get it? We have a couple of options. One is to lease a car, which means to rent it for a period of time. This is good because it is a little cheaper than buying a car, and we won't have to own it forever. In the paragraph above, the word purchasing means — F) renting G) driving H) buying J) using
  • 53. Anar Gul used to live in a four-bedroom house. Now he and his nine family members share a single tent. Mattresses, blankets, clothes, and a broken tape player are all that they have left. “This is everything,” Gul says. He was one of more than 17 million people impacted by the massive flooding that hit Houston in 2017. The floods were the worst in the southern Asian nation’s history. The powerful currents flowed across about one- fifth of the country and killed more than 1,600 people. International aid workers and the U.S. military are trying to help. They are delivering food, clean water, and other supplies. Gul hopes that even more help is on the way. “There are so many houses to be rebuilt,” he says. “It’s not only [in my village]; it’s everywhere.” In the paragraph above, the word massive means — F) dangerous G) giant H) powerful J) unbelievable
  • 54. Anar Gul used to live in a four-bedroom house. Now he and his nine family members share a single tent. Mattresses, blankets, clothes, and a broken tape player are all that they have left. “This is everything,” Gul says. He was one of more than 17 million people impacted by the massive flooding that hit Houston in 2017. The floods were the worst in the southern Asian nation’s history. The powerful currents flowed across about one- fifth of the country and killed more than 1,600 people. International aid workers and the U.S. military are trying to help. They are delivering food, clean water, and other supplies. Gul hopes that even more help is on the way. “There are so many houses to be rebuilt,” he says. “It’s not only [in my village]; it’s everywhere.” In the paragraph above, the word massive means — F) dangerous G) giant H) powerful J) unbelievable
  • 55. In 2006, all five of the science Nobels went to Americans—the first time that had happened since 1983. Scientist Roger Kornberg won the chemistry prize for his work on how people inherit diseases. In 1959, as a 12-year-old, Roger watched his father, Arthur Kornberg, win a Nobel Prize. The Kornbergs were the sixth father-and-son pair to have won Nobel Prizes. Although Roger was stunned by his win, his father saw it coming. "His work has been amazing," said his dad. In the paragraph above, the word stunned means — F) disappointed G) excited H) surprised J) curious
  • 56. In 2006, all five of the science Nobels went to Americans—the first time that had happened since 1983. Scientist Roger Kornberg won the chemistry prize for his work on how people inherit diseases. In 1959, as a 12-year-old, Roger watched his father, Arthur Kornberg, win a Nobel Prize. The Kornbergs were the sixth father-and-son pair to have won Nobel Prizes. Although Roger was stunned by his win, his father saw it coming. "His work has been amazing," said his dad. In the paragraph above, the word stunned means — F) disappointed G) excited H) surprised J) curious
  • 57. Part of bigger water supply systems, water mains are underground pipes that help bring water into peoples’ homes, offices, restaurants, and anywhere there is a sink. Temperature changes can cause most water main breaks—even a ten-degree change can make water mains more likely to break. When temperatures fall below freezing or when the temperature becomes very hot, the ground around water mains shifts. This puts stress on water mains. When a water main breaks, it can shut off the water supply people use in their houses and businesses. Many people were stuck standing on the sidewalk in the very early hours of the morning, while others who lived in the neighborhood didn’t even know about the incident until they saw it on the news. In the paragraph above, the word incident means — F) accident G) event H) break J) freeze
  • 58. Part of bigger water supply systems, water mains are underground pipes that help bring water into peoples’ homes, offices, restaurants, and anywhere there is a sink. Temperature changes can cause most water main breaks—even a ten-degree change can make water mains more likely to break. When temperatures fall below freezing or when the temperature becomes very hot, the ground around water mains shifts. This puts stress on water mains. When a water main breaks, it can shut off the water supply people use in their houses and businesses. Many people were stuck standing on the sidewalk in the very early hours of the morning, while others who lived in the neighborhood didn’t even know about the incident until they saw it on the news. In the paragraph above, the word incident means — F) accident G) event H) break J) freeze
  • 59. My doctor showed me how to inject the insulin. I also had to learn a lot about nutrition because of my disease. There were several foods I could no longer eat. I was really unhappy. I knew the diabetes was going to be there forever. I learned to test my blood to see how much insulin I needed. I had to prick my finger with a needle and squeeze a drop of blood onto a strip of paper. Then I'd put the paper into a machine to get a reading. Soon, I got the hang of knowing how much insulin I needed. I had a lot of trouble adjusting to my diabetes the first year. I had to wake up by 9 o'clock every morning to inject myself. Slowly, my internal clock began to wake me in time for my injection. I didn't like this routine. But it was something I had to do. In the paragraph above, the word several means — F) dangerous G) severe H) few J) many
  • 60. My doctor showed me how to inject the insulin. I also had to learn a lot about nutrition because of my disease. There were several foods I could no longer eat. I was really unhappy. I knew the diabetes was going to be there forever. I learned to test my blood to see how much insulin I needed. I had to prick my finger with a needle and squeeze a drop of blood onto a strip of paper. Then I'd put the paper into a machine to get a reading. Soon, I got the hang of knowing how much insulin I needed. I had a lot of trouble adjusting to my diabetes the first year. I had to wake up by 9 o'clock every morning to inject myself. Slowly, my internal clock began to wake me in time for my injection. I didn't like this routine. But it was something I had to do. In the paragraph above, the word several means — F) dangerous G) severe H) few J) many
  • 61. The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category 3 Supporting 4.11(B) Fact and Opinion When introducing how to respond to fact & opinion questions on STAAR, students should be investigating which answer choices include adjectives (to support expressions of an opinion). Also, Students can show their work by making a t-chart to sort answer choices. If the question is asking for an opinion, students should know that the other three answer choices must be fact. In contrast, if the question is asking students to identify a fact, three of the answer choices (the incorrect ones) will be opinions!
  • 62. The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. G El armadillo means “little armored one” in Spanish. H The armadillo is a strange animal.
  • 63. The armadillo is a strange animal. It looks strange, and it acts strange. And in a strange way, it has become very important in the battle against one of mankind’s strangest and most terrible diseases. The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. Since it is native only to the Americas, the Spanish had never seen one before. They must have stared at the first one in great surprise. El armadillo they called it, meaning “the little armored one.” And it does look somewhat like a soldier’s helmet with feet. Or maybe an iron football. But that’s only the body. At one end, there is a long, round, pointed tail. At the other end is a head almost at long and as pointed as the tail. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F The armadillo was given its name by the early Spanish explorers in Central America. G El armadillo means “little armored one” in Spanish. H The armadillo is a strange animal.
  • 64. Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes been seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Sometimes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips together. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F) Orangutans make nests out of leaves to protect themselves from the sun. G) Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. H) Orangutans make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. J) Orangutans live a solitary life.
  • 65. Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes been seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Sometimes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips together. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. Which idea from the paragraph above expresses an opinion? F) Orangutans make nests out of leaves to protect themselves from the sun. G) Orangutans make some of the most interesting noises of all apes. H) Orangutans make a sound similar to a lion’s roar. J) Orangutans live a solitary life.
  • 66. When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. Which sentence from the paragraph expresses a fact? F They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. G It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. H The clown was wearing the funniest costume. J It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house.
  • 67. When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. Which sentence from the paragraph expresses a fact? F) They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. G) It looked like was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. H) The clown was wearing the funniest costume. J) It was my brother’s birthday so all of our family was coming over to the house.
  • 68. I could feel my cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and I got nervous every time she even spoke to me. On any given day, I wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! Why is it the best, you ask? Because Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year my friends would make fun of me for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day! Which idea from the paragraph contains a fact? F) She was the cutest girl in the whole school G) But today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! H) I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. J) Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day!
  • 69. I could feel my cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and I got nervous every time she even spoke to me. On any given day, I wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! Why is it the best, you ask? Because Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year my friends would make fun of me for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day! Which idea from the paragraph contains a fact? F) She was the cutest girl in the whole school G) But today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! H) I bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. J) Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all I could think about was our Valentine’s party later that day!
  • 70. Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. Based on the information in this paragraph, which statement is an opinion. A) The Statue of Liberty is the tallest statue in the United States. B) The statue of Sam Houston is located in Huntsville, Texas. C) David Adickes was the artist who designed and built the statue of Big Sam. D) The state of Sam Houston is the most beautiful statue in the state of Texas.
  • 71. Have you ever been driving down to Houston and noticed a huge white statue? It’s Big Sam--the statue of Sam Houston. The statue, which stands at 67 feet tall, is located in Huntsville, Texas. The monument is the second tallest statue in the United States. The Statue of Liberty is the tallest. However, the state of Sam Houston is the tallest statue in the world honoring an American. David Adickes is the artist who created the statue. His goal was to make the statue extraordinarily large so that people would be inspired to have big dreams. The statue was built on top of a 10-foot granite base and contained several layers of concrete over a steel frame. The entire statue was covered with white fiberglass. Today, Sam Houston stands watch over the state he fought hard to represent. Based on the information in this paragraph, which statement is an opinion. A) The Statue of Liberty is the tallest statue in the United States. B) The statue of Sam Houston is located in Huntsville, Texas. C) David Adickes was the artist who designed and built the statue of Big Sam. D) The state of Sam Houston is the most beautiful statue in the state of Texas.
  • 72. Throughout its early history, the United States relied on children to work in many different settings, including farms, mines and factories. There was a time when most employers hired kids because they were inexpensive and easy to manage. In the 1800s, kids as young as six years old worked in textile mills for 12 hours each day. By the end of the century, almost 2 million kids performed dangerous tasks in the workplace. The long working hours weren’t the only issue. The work conditions were often poor and the young children were paid very little for their efforts. Any child who misbehaved while at work was punished and sent to a “whipping room.” Workers hardly had any time for breaks and most had to eat their lunch while continuing their workplace duties. Which of the following statements is a fact? A) Most of the work that children completed was difficult. B) Children were hired because they were cheap to pay for their work. C) Almost 2 million kids worked in farms, mins and facori children was cheap and kids were easy to manage. D) “Whipping rooms” were used for children who misbehaved in the workplace.
  • 73. Throughout its early history, the United States relied on children to work in many different settings, including farms, mines and factories. There was a time when most employers hired kids because they were inexpensive and easy to manage. In the 1800s, kids as young as six years old worked in textile mills for 12 hours each day. By the end of the century, almost 2 million kids performed dangerous tasks in the workplace. The long working hours weren’t the only issue. The work conditions were often poor and the young children were paid very little for their efforts. Any child who misbehaved while at work was punished and sent to a “whipping room.” Workers hardly had any time for breaks and most had to eat their lunch while continuing their workplace duties. Which of the following statements is a fact? A) Most of the work that children completed was difficult. B) Children were hired because they were cheap to pay for their work. C) Almost 2 million kids worked in farms, mins and facori children was cheap and kids were easy to manage. D) “Whipping rooms” were used for children who misbehaved in the workplace.
  • 74. I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. There were way less people in the country. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Which sentence from the selection above presents a fact? A) It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. B) I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. C) There were way less people in the country. D) The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life.
  • 75. I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. There were way less people in the country. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Which sentence from the selection above presents a fact? A) It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. B) I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. C) There were way less people in the country. D) The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life.
  • 76. California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. B He is also a great dad to his three children. C Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. D In the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal.
  • 77. California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. B He is also a great dad to his three children. C Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. D In the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal.
  • 78. Computers are the latest tool artists are using to create new art. Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. Before, artists sketched plans for a new piece on paper. Now many of them bring their ideas to life by using computer programs. With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations. CAD can even produce images of three-dimensional shapes. These images can help artists plan their work before they create it. Even though this new technology has many benefits, it also has some drawbacks. Computer programs are expensive. An artist has to but thy the program in order to use it. Also, some of these programs can be hard for artists to understand. Other programs require artists to take a class, so that they can learn the programs’ special features. In spite of the drawbacks, computers are changing the way that artists create art. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. B Computer programs are expensive. C With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations.
  • 79. Computers are the latest tool artists are using to create new art. Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. Before, artists sketched plans for a new piece on paper. Now many of them bring their ideas to life by using computer programs. With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations. CAD can even produce images of three-dimensional shapes. These images can help artists plan their work before they create it. Even though this new technology has many benefits, it also has some drawbacks. Computer programs are expensive. An artist has to but thy the program in order to use it. Also, some of these programs can be hard for artists to understand. Other programs require artists to take a class, so that they can learn the programs’ special features. In spite of the drawbacks, computers are changing the way that artists create art. Which sentence from the selection above presents an opinion? A Computer-assisted design (CAD) is a software program sculptors can use to plan their art. B Computer programs are expensive. C With CAD, artists can change the size of their creations.
  • 80. The following slides include questions for: 4.6 (C) First Vs. Third Person Narrator First vs. Third person requires that students pay attention to the first person and third person pronouns that are used to substitute a character or their name. I, my, and myself -- First Person You -- Second person He, she, them, they, or character’s names -- Third person
  • 81. Alexa had always needed glasses, for as long as she could remember. She was nine years old, and that was probably about long she’d been wearing glasses. Looking back, Alexa couldn’t even remember when she got them. Who knows, maybe she was born wearing them. Alexa couldn’t see things from far away, but she also struggled with reading. Her vision was very poor. Sometimes, while she was doing her work in class, her glasses would slide down to the tip of her nose. Once, they even fell off her face and landed on the floor. “Alexa, what are you doing?” her teacher, Mrs. Niles, asked when she saw Alexa crawling on the floor with her hands stretched out. Who is the narrator of this story? A The reader B Alexa C Mrs. Niles D An outside observer
  • 82. Alexa had always needed glasses, for as long as she could remember. She was nine years old, and that was probably about long she’d been wearing glasses. Looking back, Alexa couldn’t even remember when she got them. Who knows, maybe she was born wearing them. Alexa couldn’t see things from far away, but she also struggled with reading. Her vision was very poor. Sometimes, while she was doing her work in class, her glasses would slide down to the tip of her nose. Once, they even fell off her face and landed on the floor. “Alexa, what are you doing?” her teacher, Mrs. Niles, asked when she saw Alexa crawling on the floor with her hands stretched out. Who is the narrator of this story? A The reader B Alexa C Mrs. Niles D An outside observer
  • 83. I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Whose perspective is this short story being told from? A Third person narrator B First person narrator C Second person narrator D An outside observer
  • 84. I grew up in the big city, which is always loud and busy. It was impossible to make friends there because everyone was rude. Sometimes that made me mad. Then, one day my mother told me and my sister that my grandmother was very sick, and she said we we’re moving out to the country to help her out. The country was way different than the city. You could see the stars at night, and there wasn’t another house for miles. The crickets sang a tune at night that was one of the most pleasant noises I’d heard in my entire life. Whose perspective is this short story being told from? A Third person narrator B First person narrator C Second person narrator D An outside observer
  • 85. California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Who is the narrator of this passage? A Alejandro B A third-person narrator C A first-person narrator D Alejandro’s children
  • 86. California native Alejandro Arbor builds handcycles. These bikes are designed and made for people who can’t use their legs. They are powered by hand pedals. Alejandro is also a handcycle rider. He lost both of his legs in an accident, but he wanted to continue playing sports. Alejandro learned how to do things without his legs. He taught himself to kayak and to play basketball. He even competed in difficult triathlons. For years, Alejandro continued training. Today he is a handcycling champion on the U.S. paralympic Cycling Elite Team. IN the 2004 Paralympic Games, he won a silver medal. Alejandro inspires others to do their best. He talks to people about disabilities and builds hand cycles for kids with physical challenges. He also is a great dad to his three children. Through hard work, Alejandro has achieved his dreams. Who is the narrator of this passage? A Alejandro B A third-person narrator C A first-person narrator D Alejandro’s children
  • 87. The following slides include questions for: describe the interaction of characters including their relationships and the changes they undergo 4.6 (B) Any time a teacher is reading fiction or personal narratives to the class, it is important to note the character’s feelings and emotions throughout the story. It can help to list adjectives on the whiteboard as soon as they are observable when reading. Then, teachers should periodically stop while reading to highlight how those adjectives may have changed. This can be challenging because many students have a limited vocabulary when it comes to describing emotional states.
  • 88. Toward the end of Spring Break, my mom decided to surprise our family with a “vacation.” I say “vacation” because what she suggested as a relaxing getaway was actually a horrible idea for someone wanting relaxation. If you wanted to take some time off, wouldn’t you pick a peaceful spa or a luxurious beach? But when my mom gets tired of working, she likes to go on hikes. Not that I don’t like doing things in the great outdoors: earlier this year I raised a butterfly, and I love planting flowers. But what I want to do when I’m tired is sit by a pool. Hiking is hard! I’d more likely take a vacation from hiking than I would go hiking on vacation. But there Mom was, standing in the kitchen with a map in one hand and a tent pole in the other. She was poking me with the pole as I tried to eat my toast. By the end of this passage, the reader can tell that the narrator-- A) does not like spending time with his mother. B) is looking forward to hiking with his mother. C) does not know how to build a tent. D) does not want to go hiking during his Spring Break.
  • 89. Toward the end of Spring Break, my mom decided to surprise our family with a “vacation.” I say “vacation” because what she suggested as a relaxing getaway was actually a horrible idea for someone wanting relaxation. If you wanted to take some time off, wouldn’t you pick a peaceful spa or a luxurious beach? But when my mom gets tired of working, she likes to go on hikes. Not that I don’t like doing things in the great outdoors: earlier this year I raised a butterfly, and I love planting flowers. But what I want to do when I’m tired is sit by a pool. Hiking is hard! I’d more likely take a vacation from hiking than I would go hiking on vacation. But there Mom was, standing in the kitchen with a map in one hand and a tent pole in the other. She was poking me with the pole as I tried to eat my toast. By the end of this passage, the reader can tell that the narrator-- A) does not like spending time with his mother. B) is looking forward to hiking with his mother. C) does not know how to build a tent. D) does not want to go hiking during his Spring Break.
  • 90. “Hurry or we’ll miss the bus to the library, Eric!” called Mrs. Lopez. The Lopez family had moved to Dallas from Costa Rica last month and Eric was going to get his library card today. On the bus, Eric’s grandmother became aware of something unusual. She saw Eric was very quiet and looked rather sad. “Is something wrong, honey?” she asked. Eric frowned. He then took out a tissue to blow his nose. “My speaking of English is not good. What if the library lady is not able to understand what I am saying?” he said. “Your English gets better and better every day. I’m positive that the librarian will understand you,” Mrs. Lopez said confidently. “I am sure that you will be able to take some books home today.” Mrs. Lopez’s comments to Eric shows that she is-- A) Determined B) Supportive C) Worried D) Curious
  • 91. “Hurry or we’ll miss the bus to the library, Eric!” called Mrs. Lopez. The Lopez family had moved to Dallas from Costa Rica last month and Eric was going to get his library card today. On the bus, Eric’s grandmother became aware of something unusual. She saw Eric was very quiet and looked rather sad. “Is something wrong, honey?” she asked. Eric frowned. He then took out a tissue to blow his nose. “My speaking of English is not good. What if the library lady is not able to understand what I am saying?” he said. “Your English gets better and better every day. I’m positive that the librarian will understand you,” Mrs. Lopez said confidently. “I am sure that you will be able to take some books home today.” Mrs. Lopez’s comments to Eric shows that she is-- A) Determined B) Supportive C) Worried D) Curious
  • 92. When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday, so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like it was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. The narrator’s feelings in this story change because-- F) He has family that just arrived to the house. G) A clown is standing at the front door. H) Today is his brother’s birthday party. J) The sound of the doorbell startled him.
  • 93. When I heard the doorbell ring, I ran as fast as I could to see who it was. It was my brother’s birthday, so all of our family was coming over to the house. I peeked through the peephole, just to be safe! My heart jumped nearly out of my chest when I saw there was a clown at my front door. I hate clowns. They are terrifying, even when they are not trying to be. I didn’t understand why my parents had to get a clown for my brother’s birthday party. I know he likes them, but my parents also know they freak me out. I took one deep breath and opened the door. The clown was wearing the funniest costume. It looked like it was three sizes too big and had the ugliest blue and red polka dots I’d ever seen in my life. The narrator’s feelings in this story change because-- F) He has family that just arrived to the house. G) A clown is standing at the front door. H) Today is his brother’s birthday party. J) The sound of the doorbell startled him.
  • 94. Alex could feel his cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and he got chills every time she even spoke to him. On any given day, Alex wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! After all, Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year Alex’s friends would make fun of him for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. He bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all Alex could think about was the Valentine’s party later that day! Alex’s actions in the passage above suggests that -- F) Cindy is the most beautiful girl at school. G) Alex is not nervous to talk with Cindy. H) Alex does not care what Mr. Dunn has to say during morning announcements. J) Alex likes Cindy and is looking forward to telling her.
  • 95. Alex could feel his cheeks blushing as Cindy Marsh walked into the classroom. She was the cutest girl in the whole school, and he got chills every time she even spoke to him. On any given day, Alex wouldn’t even dare say hello to her, but today was Valentine’s day--the greatest holiday in the world! After all, Valentine's day is the only day where it is totally normal to be romantic as a 4th grader. Every other day of the year Alex’s friends would make fun of him for trying to talk to Cindy. But today was different. He bought the most beautiful flowers and wrote the sweetest note for her. Mr. Dunn was trying to go over the morning announcements, but all Alex could think about was the Valentine’s party later that day! Alex’s actions in the passage above suggests that -- F) Cindy is the most beautiful girl at school. G) Alex is not nervous to talk with Cindy. H) Alex does not care what Mr. Dunn has to say during morning announcements. J) Alex likes Cindy and is looking forward to telling her.
  • 96. Adam stared into the back seat of his father’s car, and his head dropped. “I have to carry these?” He looked at the tent poles and then back at his dad. “I’ve never made a tent before, Dad.” “Today’s a perfect day to start, then, huh?” remarked his father, who was grabbing other camping gear from the trunk. “You’re old enough to set that up now.” “I’m barely ten,” groaned Adam, as he struggled with the tent bag. It felt heavy and awkward, and he dropped it after only a few feet. Thankfully, it was right where he was supposed to set up the tent anyway. After dragging the tarp and the tent poles over, Adam began building while his father cleaned out the car, occasionally glancing over at his son to check in on him. Adam wasn’t doing too well. The tent poles were tangled, the tarps weren’t spread straight, and after nearly an hour of fighting with the whole thing, Adam lost his cool. Adam’s actions in the paragraph above suggests that-- A) he does not like to try new things. B) his father is always asking him to set up the tent. C) the tent is too heavy for Adam to carry. D) he is not looking forward to setting up the tent by himself.
  • 97. Adam stared into the back seat of his father’s car, and his head dropped. “I have to carry these?” He looked at the tent poles and then back at his dad. “I’ve never made a tent before, Dad.” “Today’s a perfect day to start, then, huh?” remarked his father, who was grabbing other camping gear from the trunk. “You’re old enough to set that up now.” “I’m barely ten,” groaned Adam, as he struggled with the tent bag. It felt heavy and awkward, and he dropped it after only a few feet. Thankfully, it was right where he was supposed to set up the tent anyway. After dragging the tarp and the tent poles over, Adam began building while his father cleaned out the car, occasionally glancing over at his son to check in on him. Adam wasn’t doing too well. The tent poles were tangled, the tarps weren’t spread straight, and after nearly an hour of fighting with the whole thing, Adam lost his cool. Adam’s actions in the paragraph above suggests that-- A) he does not like to try new things. B) his father is always asking him to set up the tent. C) the tent is too heavy for Adam to carry. D) he is not looking forward to setting up the tent by himself.
  • 98. Adriana fell onto the bed exhausted. Her first day in the new neighborhood had been stressful. There was the work of unpacking all her stuff. There were the stares from the neighbors. Now she just needed to get some sleep, but the next day was going to be even worse. It was the first day of school! She turned out the light, punched the pillow a handful of times, and looked up at the ceiling. She stared. “Oh, no--not again,” she thought to herself. When her clock showed midnight, she turned over on her back. The next time she looked, it was 1 a.m., then 2 a.m. “Perfect. I'll definitely make an impression on the kids in the cafeteria tomorrow, especially if I fall asleep face down in my soup! I'll bet they haven't seen that before.” Adriana is most likely worried about -- A) falling asleep face down in her soup. B) making friends in her new neighborhood and school. C) getting enough sleep. D) whether or not she will finish unpacking before it’s time to go to bed.
  • 99. Adriana fell onto the bed exhausted. Her first day in the new neighborhood had been stressful. There was the work of unpacking all her stuff. There were the stares from the neighbors. Now she just needed to get some sleep, but the next day was going to be even worse. It was the first day of school! She turned out the light, punched the pillow a handful of times, and looked up at the ceiling. She stared. “Oh, no--not again,” she thought to herself. When her clock showed midnight, she turned over on her back. The next time she looked, it was 1 a.m., then 2 a.m. “Perfect. I'll definitely make an impression on the kids in the cafeteria tomorrow, especially if I fall asleep face down in my soup! I'll bet they haven't seen that before.” Adriana is most likely worried about -- A) falling asleep face down in her soup. B) making friends in her new neighborhood and school. C) getting enough sleep. D) whether or not she will finish unpacking before it’s time to go to bed.
  • 100. The following slides include questions for: Reporting Category Supporting 4.10 Text Features One of the biggest mistakes that teachers make when teaching text features is simply teaching students how to identify the types and categories of text features (headings, subheadings, captions, etc.). It is important for students to be able to recognize these features, but it is more important for students to understand how the text feature connects with, enhances, or supports the passage. For each of the questions below, there is an additional slide with the text feature enlarged so that you can more closely examine it with your students! Enjoy!
  • 101. This message is top secret. I am from Nigeria. There are millions of dollars that have been put in my account. But I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. This is 100 percent real, with no risk to you. Sounds like a great deal. In fact, it sounds too good to be true. And it is. This is a scam email. A scam is meant to trick people. You will never get a million dollars—or your money back. What is the most likely reason that the author of this paragraph would include this graph with the article? A) To encourage readers to be careful when shopping online B) To show readers how important it is to avoid sending money to someone you don’t know. C) To educate readers on the major ways that people are tricked into giving away their money. D) To show different ways people spend their money.
  • 102.
  • 103. This message is top secret. I am from Nigeria. There are millions of dollars that have been put in my account. But I can't transfer it out of the country because of local laws. If you send a thousand dollars to cover the processing fee, I will put a million dollars in your account as a reward. Send me the money order and your account number. This is 100 percent real, with no risk to you. Sounds like a great deal. In fact, it sounds too good to be true. And it is. This is a scam email. A scam is meant to trick people. You will never get a million dollars—or your money back. What is the most likely reason that the author of this paragraph would include this graph with the article? A) To encourage readers to be careful when shopping online B) To show readers how important it is to avoid sending money to someone you don’t know. C) To educate readers on the major ways that people are tricked into giving away their money. D) To show different ways people spend their money.
  • 104. Deep in the jungle of southeastern Mexico, archaeologists found an unexpected surprise. They spotted what appeared to be a mound-like shape peeking out from the ground. Curious, the archaeologists began digging. As the team chipped away at the earth, the mound became larger and more incredible than the scientists had expected. They soon realized they had found an ancient pyramid! What’s more, it was decorated with dozens of murals unlike any they had seen before. Experts say the art— and the pyramid—belonged to the Mayan people. The Mayas were native peoples who lived more than 1,000 years ago in what is now Mexico and Central America. The picture above was most likely included with the article in order to-- A) To teach readers how to draw images of the Mayan people. B) To show readers how the Mayan people looked. C) To provide examples of the types of drawings found by the archaeologists. D) To show readers what types of tools were commonly used among the Mayan people.
  • 105.
  • 106. Deep in the jungle of southeastern Mexico, archaeologists found an unexpected surprise. They spotted what appeared to be a mound-like shape peeking out from the ground. Curious, the archaeologists began digging. As the team chipped away at the earth, the mound became larger and more incredible than the scientists had expected. They soon realized they had found an ancient pyramid! What’s more, it was decorated with dozens of murals unlike any they had seen before. Experts say the art— and the pyramid—belonged to the Mayan people. The Mayas were native peoples who lived more than 1,000 years ago in what is now Mexico and Central America. The picture above was most likely included with the article in order to-- A) To teach readers how to draw images of the Mayan people. B) To show readers how the Mayan people looked. C) To provide examples of the types of drawings found by the archaeologists. D) To show readers what types of tools were commonly used among the Mayan people.
  • 107. An asteroid or meteor is more likely to hit Earth than the moon. This is because our planet has greater gravity, which attracts more debris from outer space. But we can see many thousands of craters on the moon. Have you ever wondered why we don’t see as many on Earth? Both the moon and the Earth have been hit several times throughout their histories. The biggest difference between the two is that Earth has a process, known as erosion, that can erase almost all evidence of past impacts. The moon does not. Nearly any dent or imprint made on the surface of the moon is going to stay there. Why would the author of this paragraph include the photo above? A) To show readers what a meteor looks like in outer space. B) To provide readers with an idea of how large the moon is. C) To show readers what the moon looks like at night. D) To provide readers with an example of craters on the moon.
  • 108.
  • 109. An asteroid or meteor is more likely to hit Earth than the moon. This is because our planet has greater gravity, which attracts more debris from outer space. But we can see many thousands of craters on the moon. Have you ever wondered why we don’t see as many on Earth? Both the moon and the Earth have been hit several times throughout their histories. The biggest difference between the two is that Earth has a process, known as erosion, that can erase almost all evidence of past impacts. The moon does not. Nearly any dent or imprint made on the surface of the moon is going to stay there. Why would the author of this paragraph include the photo above? A) To show readers what a meteor looks like in outer space. B) To provide readers with an idea of how large the moon is. C) To show readers what the moon looks like at night. D) To provide readers with an example of craters on the moon.
  • 110. Climates have changed a lot over time. Sometimes a region is warmer than average for 100 years! Until recently, warmer temperatures have occurred for natural reasons. Today, humans may be changing the climate and making it warmer through man-made pollution. If the Earth continues to warm up, the ice on the North and South Poles could melt, causing the oceans to rise and cover more land. Many places along the coasts of every continent would be underwater. In the last 100 years, average temperatures have risen 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Although it may not seem like much, this change is more than double previous temperature increases. The average temperature rose only five degrees over the last 5,000 years. Scientists think the average temperature could rise another five degrees in the next 100 years. The graph above was included with the selection in order to-- A) show how high sea levels have risen in the last 100 plus years. B) show how the average temperatures have increased over the last 100 plus years C) provide the temperatures over the last 100 plus years. D) show how temperatures have changed in 5 years.
  • 111.
  • 112. Climates have changed a lot over time. Sometimes a region is warmer than average for 100 years! Until recently, warmer temperatures have occurred for natural reasons. Today, humans may be changing the climate and making it warmer through man-made pollution. If the Earth continues to warm up, the ice on the North and South Poles could melt, causing the oceans to rise and cover more land. Many places along the coasts of every continent would be underwater. In the last 100 years, average temperatures have risen 2 degrees Fahrenheit. Although it may not seem like much, this change is more than double previous temperature increases. The average temperature rose only five degrees over the last 5,000 years. Scientists think the average temperature could rise another five degrees in the next 100 years. The graph above was included with the selection in order to-- A) show how high sea levels have risen in the last 100 plus years. B) show how the average temperatures have increased over the last 100 plus years C) provide the temperatures over the last 100 plus years. D) show how temperatures have changed in 5 years.
  • 113. The arrows are included in the image above for all of the following reasons EXCEPT-- A) to show which direction water travels when it is evaporating. B) to show which direction water travels when it is raining. C) to show the order in which each event occurs during the water cycle. D) to show which direction the water travels from rivers into oceans. The Earth’s water cycle begins with a change in temperature. When the sun heats the Earth, water from oceans, lakes, and rivers evaporates. It changes into an invisible gas. Water rises into the air and eventually clouds form. Water returns to Earth’s surface as rain. Rain flows into rivers or streams back to the ocean or lakes. Condensation is also an important part of the creation of rain. The air far up in the sky is very cold. When the warm air that contains water droplets rises from earth and meets cold air, the droplets become visible. This process is called condensation. Clouds are formed as the air high up becomes colder and heavier. When the water drops grow too heavy, they fall out of the clouds as precipitation, or rain. When it rains, the cycle starts all over again!
  • 114.
  • 115. The arrows are included in the image above for all of the following reasons EXCEPT-- A) to show which direction water travels when it is evaporating. B) to show which direction water travels when it is raining. C) to show the order in which each event occurs during the water cycle. D) to show which direction the water travels from rivers into oceans. The Earth’s water cycle begins with a change in temperature. When the sun heats the Earth, water from oceans, lakes, and rivers evaporates. It changes into an invisible gas. Water rises into the air and eventually clouds form. Water returns to Earth’s surface as rain. Rain flows into rivers or streams back to the ocean or lakes. Condensation is also an important part of the creation of rain. The air far up in the sky is very cold. When the warm air that contains water droplets rises from earth and meets cold air, the droplets become visible. This process is called condensation. Clouds are formed as the air high up becomes colder and heavier. When the water drops grow too heavy, they fall out of the clouds as precipitation, or rain. When it rains, the cycle starts all over again!

Editor's Notes

  1. TEK info up to date
  2. Answer is C
  3. Answer is C
  4. Take another look at this
  5. Take another look at this
  6. Editd: A is the answer
  7. Editd: A is the answer
  8. Editd: A is the answer
  9. Editd: A is the answer
  10. Editd: A is the answer
  11. Editd: A is the answer
  12. Editd: C is the answer
  13. Editd: C is the answer
  14. Finished editing
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  28. Finished editing
  29. 4.11B is the correct TEK for fact and opinion
  30. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  31. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  32. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  33. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  34. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  35. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  36. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  37. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  38. Editd: D is the answer
  39. Editd: D is the answer
  40. Answer is B
  41. Answer is B
  42. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  43. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  44. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  45. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  46. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  47. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  48. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  49. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  50. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  51. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  52. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  53. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  54. Already edited Answer is A
  55. Already edited Answer is A
  56. Answer is B
  57. Answer is B
  58. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  59. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  60. 32 3 Supporting 4.11(B) F
  61. Not edited yet. The answer is C
  62. Not edited yet. The answer is C
  63. Not edited yet. The answer is C
  64. Edited. Answer is C
  65. Edited. Answer is C
  66. Edited. Answer is C
  67. Edited. Answer is D
  68. Edited. Answer is D
  69. Edited. Answer is D
  70. Edited. Answer is B
  71. Edited. Answer is B
  72. Edited. Answer is B
  73. Edited. Answer is D
  74. Edited. Answer is D
  75. Edited. Answer is D
  76. Edited. Answer is D
  77. Edited. Answer is D
  78. Edited. Answer is D
  79. Edited. Answer is D
  80. Edited. Answer is D
  81. Edited. Answer is D
  82. Edited. Answer is D
  83. Edited. Answer is D
  84. Edited. Answer is D
  85. Edited. Answer is D
  86. Edited. Answer is D
  87. Edited. Answer is D
  88. Edited. Answer is D
  89. Edited. Answer is D
  90. Edited. Answer is D
  91. TEK information is updated