2. Introduction to oil lubricated air compressor technology:
Oil-lubricated air compressors have indeed become essential components in various industries, thanks to their efficiency and reliability
in delivering compressed air. These machines, typically powered by electric motors or internal combustion engines, play critical roles
in a multitude of applications across manufacturing, construction, and automotive sectors. The technology underlying oil-lubricated air
compressors is intriguing, as it leverages the use of oil to enhance operational efficiency and overall performance. In this article, we
will embark on a journey through the inner workings of oil-lubricated air compressors, explore their advantages, delve into the different
types available, elucidate the key factors to consider when selecting one, and examine their extensive array of applications across
industrial and commercial domains.
3. Oil-lubricated air compressors operate on a straightforward yet highly effective principle. The compression process begins with the
intake of atmospheric air through an inlet valve. This incoming air undergoes compression, a process facilitated by either a piston or a
rotary screw, depending on the specific type of compressor in use. During compression, the air's temperature significantly increases,
necessitating a mechanism to prevent overheating and ensure smooth operation. In this context, oil plays a crucial role and serves dual
purposes: lubrication and cooling.
• Lubrication: The injected oil acts as a lubricant for the moving components within the compressor. By reducing friction and wear
on these parts, it not only extends the machine's lifespan but also enhances its overall efficiency and performance.
• Cooling: In addition to lubrication, the oil serves as a cooling agent. It absorbs the heat generated during the compression process,
effectively preventing the compressor from reaching critical temperatures. This prevents overheating and maintains optimal
working conditions.
Following this, the oil-cooled air passes through a series of coolers, where its temperature is lowered before it is released into an air
receiver tank. From this tank, the compressed air can be deployed for a wide range of applications, including powering pneumatic
tools, operating machinery, and even inflating tires. The combination of oil lubrication and cooling is pivotal to the smooth and
reliable operation of oil-lubricated air compressors across various industries.
How oil lubricated air compressors work?
4. Oil-Lubricated Compressor Types:
Compressors are essential in various industries, and different types of compressors employ distinct mechanisms to achieve air
compression. Here are some common types of compressors and their methods of operation, including the role of oil in their
functioning:
Reciprocating Compressors:
Reciprocating compressors compress air using a piston-cylinder system. The piston moves up and down within the cylinder, causing
changes in air volume and pressure.Oil is used to lubricate the piston and cylinder walls, reducing friction and wear, which enhances
the compressor's efficiency and prolongs its lifespan.
Rotary Screw Compressors:
In rotary screw compressors, air is compressed by the meshing of two rotating screw components. These screws rotate in opposite
directions to draw in and compress air.Oil is injected into the compression chamber to lubricate, seal, and cool the screws, facilitating
the compression process and maintaining the compressor's performance.
5. Rotary Vane Compressors:
Rotary vane compressors use revolving rotors and vanes to compress air. The vanes slide in and out of rotor slots, creating changes in
air volume and pressure.Oil serves to cool the compressed air and lubricate the vanes and rotor, reducing friction and heat generation
while ensuring efficient operation.
Centrifugal Compressors:
Centrifugal compressors compress air by accelerating it through high-speed impellers. The kinetic energy is converted into pressure as
air exits the impellers.While not all centrifugal compressors use oil, some do employ oil to lubricate and cool the bearings and internal
components, ensuring smooth operation.
