POULTRY COCCIDIOSIS IS THIRD MOST ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE DISEASE IN CHICKEN.

1. Seminar
on
" COCCIDIOSIS IN POULTRY”
Presented by
Dr.Safdar Ali Khan
M.V.Sc Scholar
Course Teacher-
Dr. Mohan Singh
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
College of Veterinary science and Animal Husbandry
Anjora,Durg(C.G.)
Course -
PGS 502

2. Poultry coccidiosis disease is due to protozoal
parasite Eimeria spp. Characterized by enteritis, low
body weight, inappatence and mortality in poultry.
Coccidiosis is probably most frequently reported
diseases in chickens world wide(Biggs,1982)
Susceptible hosts are chicken ,Turkey,ginea
fowl,pheasant,Duck,Geese etc.
Life cycle is direct type.
Mostly young age are more susceptible .
Coccidiosis mostly found in Deep litter system .
About 9 species of Eimeria found in chicken for
coccidiosis.
Coccidia parasite are host specific and species
specific immunity developed .Self limiting disease.
Life cycle complete in 4-7 days in host intestine.
Poultry coccidiosis
INTRODUCTION

3. WHY
COCCIDIOSIS IS
IMPORTANT IN
POULTRY
INDUSTRY?????

4. Economic losses in poultry
industry
 Poor weight gain and reduce efficiency of feed conversion contribute highest
proportion in economic losses(William,1999)
In commercial broiler industry 95.61% economic losses due to disease.
In Commercial layer industry about3.53% economic losses due to
chemoprophylaxis cost and low egg production.
Reduced body weight , increase FCR and Chemoprophylaxis cost contributed
economic losses 68.08%,22.70% and 2.83% respectively in broiler industry during
2003-04.(Bera et al.,2010)
Total losses due to coccidiosis during 2003-04 has been found 1.14 billion INR
(approx) (Bera et al.,2010)

5. Chemo
prophylax
is cost Mortality
loss
Chemotherapy
cost
Reduced
body weight
gain
Increase
FCR
What are the Economic losses due
to coccidiosis in poultry?
For Year 2003-04.
Egg
production
loss
Vaccination
cost
Rs
30819262
Rs
4321500
Rs
258549500
Rs17023100
Rs
4762290
Rs
9563900
Rs
775648500
Total Economic
loss due to
Coccidiosis
Rs
1139225
589
Rs 1.14
billion
INR

6. MORPHOLOGY OF EIMERIA SP AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES-
Oocyst
structure
Broadly ovoidal with one end more pointed than
other , oocyst wall smooth, no micropyle or may be
present. In sporulated oocyst 4 sporocysts and each
sporocyst contains 2 sporozoites.
Sporozoite
Bent, comma- shaped and contain a round
homogenous vacuole at one end.Conoid apical
complex present for penetration into host cell

7. Trophozoite
Rounded up sporozoites known as
trophozoite.nucleus of trophozoite divides by
schizogony to become a schizont.
Merozoite
Elongated fusiform organisms are produced
from schizont known as Merozoite. It have a
granular cytoplasm with a centrally placed
round nucleus.
Microgamete
Male gamete is known as microgamete
,have 2 flagella for locomotion. motile in
nature. smaller than macrogametes.
Macrogamete
female gamete is known as macrogamete ,have
no flagella for locomotion. Non-motile in nature.
nucleus does not divide as seen in microgametes.
Schizonts
Nucleus of trophozoite divides by schizogony
(asexual reproduction) known as schizont to
form Merozoites .Multiple nuclear division
occurs in schizont.

8. FACTOR AFFECTNG COCCIDIOSIS
Young age 3week most
susceptible
Vitamin A deficiency
help in susceptibility
Warm, moist deep
litter help in
sporulation
IDEAL TEMPERATURE
30◦C for sporulation
AGE
IMMUNITY OF
BIRDS
DEEP LITTER
CONDITION
TEMPERATURE
1
4
2
3

9. Bar diagram, Prevalence verses age
group in chicken

11. Intestinal coccidiosis in poultry

12. Ingestion of oocyst
PATHOGENESIS
Number of sporulated oocyst required
to produce mortality in 1-2week age
chick about 2lakhs and for age 4-6
week age need 50,000-100000 oocyst.

14. DAY BY DAY ACTIVITY IN HOST INTESTINE IIN POULTRY

15. Form of Coccidiosis
Clinical coccidiosis
( due to second
generation schizonts in
young age).
Sub cinical Coccidiosis
(due to less
pathogenic Eimeria sp.
in older age)
(1)Droop, cease feeding, huddle to keep warm
notice 72 hr of infection.
(2) Diarrhea with or without blood dropping.
greatest hemorrhage occur on 5th or 6th day of
infection.
(3)Mortality highest between 4th and 6th days
of infection.
1.Drop eggs production.
1 2

16. “There is a global loss of about 2.4 billion
US dollars in poultry industry alone due
to coccidian infections”
Cecal Coccidiosis
clinical sign in
chicken

17. Clinical sign
BLOOD
DROPPING
RUFFLED
FEATHER

18. Clinical sign and Lesion
in coccidiosis
Caeca of poultry

19. DIAGNOSIS
ONTHE BASISOF POST MORTEM EXAMINATION-
LOCATION OF LESION MAY GIVE GOOD INDICATION
BY FAECAL OOCYST EXAMINATION
2
3
4 BY INTESTINAL SCRAPPING EXAMINATION
1 ONTHE BASISOF CLINICAL SIGNS
NO OF
OOCYSTS
,SCHIZONTS,
GAMETOCYTES

20. TREATMENT
SN NAME OF MEDICINE DOSE ROUTE DURATION
1 Amprolium 0.0125%
1gm/1.25 liter
In feed
In drinking
water
For 7days
2 Sodium sulphadimidine 0.2% Drinking
water
BID 3DAYS followed
by 2days without
treatment
3 Sodium
sulphaquinoxaline
0.5% Feed
4 Furazolidone plus
Nitrofurazone
0.126% feed 7days
5 Diaveridine
+sulphaquinoxaline
(Rancox,Supercox)
1gm/litr water
2gm/kg feed
Water,
feed
For 3days followed by
plain water /feed
Then dose half for
next 3days
Problems are
Drug resistant strain?
Withdrawal period?

21. AVAILABLE IN MARKETS

22. PRECAUTION DURING
TREATMENT
Medication is prohibited from laying onwards ,do
not administer in laying hen, whose eggs are
intended for human consumption.
Do not administer Amprolium to turkeys before
the age of 8-10 weeks. Some evidence that
amprolium interfere with acquisition of immunity.
Amprolium overdosing should be avoided, it can suppress body weight gain
in broiler and cause polyneuritis.
Do not give Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) during Amprolium treatment as analogue
cause inhibition of action of amprolium.
1
2
3
4

23. PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF COCCIDIOSIS IN POULTRY
CLEAN ,DRY
DEEP
LITTER
ADOPT “ALL
IN ALL OUT
“REARING
SYSTEM
ADOPT“SHUTTLE
AND ROTATIONAL
PROGRAMME”
ADOPT CAGE
LAYER
SYSTEM
FOLLOW
STRICT
BIOSECURITY
IMMUNIZATION

25. THANKSYOU.