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Crime and Seasons in Minneapolis
2000-2013
Drew Michel
GEOG 401
Introduction
It is important to know if there are higher
crime rates in the summer than any other
seasons and the lower crime rates occur in
the winter months. The data shown contains
trends of how frequent crime occurs in the
respective seasons.
• RESEARCH QUESTION
• What season has the highest crime rates?
• Which season has the lowest crime rates?
• Which areas in Minneapolis have the most
crimes?
Data
The crime rates shown focus on certain
neighborhoods in Minneapolis, each of them
from a different region. They essentially
show where the most crime rates are taking
place.
Data
• Six neighborhoods were selected when
gathering the data. Each neighborhood is a
sample from a different sector in
Minneapolis.
Minneapolis Sectors
• North: Hawthorne
• Northeast: Holland
• Downtown: Downtown West
• South: Longfellow
• Southeast: Macy-Holmes
• Southwest: Whittier
Whittier
Hawthorne
Longfellow
Holland
Marcy Holmes
Downtown West
Data
• The selected neighborhoods were
organized into a ranking system which
indicates the frequency of crime rates. The
greater the frequency, the darker the color
is.
• The following map provides an indication
of this ranking system.
Whittier
Hawthorne
Longfellow
Holland
Marcy Holmes
Downtown West
Data
• The graphs in the subsequent slides show
the crime rates and average temperatures
throughout the seasons. They show the
patterns of the crime rates that occur
seasonally.
Crime Rates 2000-2006
Crime Rate 2006-2010
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
W 2006 Sp 2006 Su 2006 F 2006 W 2007 Sp 2007 Su 2007 F 2007 W 2008 Sp 2008 Su 2008 F 2008 W 2009 Sp 2009 Su 2009 F 2009 W 2010 Sp 2010 Su 2010 F 2010
Hawthorne
Holland
Marcy-Holmes
Downtown West
Whittier
Longfellow
Average Temp
2010-2013
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Downtown West
Hawthorne
Holland
Longfellow
Marcy-Holmes
Whittier
Average Temperature
Analysis
• This map is a layout of Minneapolis. The
neighborhoods where the data was
obtained are a different color from the
majority.
• This map shows which selected
neighborhoods have higher crime rates,
with the darker colors representing the
highest rates and the lighter colors
representing the lower rates.
Analysis
• The graphs shown represent the crime
rates of the different neighborhoods. One
can see that the crime rates tend to peak in
the summer most of the time, as well as
the lower crime rates occurring during the
winter.
Analysis
• The neighborhood with the most frequent
crime rates was Downtown West.
• The neighborhood with the fewest crime
rates was Holland.
Conclusion
My findings have noticed that most of the
time, crime rates are higher during the
summer months than most of the other
seasons. There were some years that had the
fall rates have more crime rates. The Winter
months have been proven to be the least
active for crime rates.
Conclusion
• In the end, this project was mostly
successful because the data provided the
data needed to support the thesis.
References
• Andresen, M. A. and Malleson, N. 2013. Crime Seasonality and its variations across space.
• Applied Geography 43: 25-35.
•
• Biermann, T., Asemann, R., McAuliffe, C., Strobel, A., Keller, J., Sperling, W., Bleich, S.,
• Kornhuber, J., and Reulbach, U. 2009. Relationship between lunar phases and serious crimes of battery: a population-based study.
Comprehensive Psychiatry 50 (6): 573-577.
•
• Bushman, B., Wang, M., Anderson, C. 2005. Is the Curve Relating Temperature to Agression
• Linear or Curvliniear? Assaults and Temperature in Minneapolis Reexamined. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 (1): 62-66.
•
• Carbone-Lopez, K. and Lauritsen, J. 2013. Seasonal variation in violent victimization:
• Opportunity and the annual rhythm of the school calendar. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 29 (3): 399-422.
•
• Cohn, E., and Rotton, J. 2000. Weather, Seasonal trends and property crimes in Minneapolis,
• 1987-1988. A moderator-variable time-series analysis of routine activities. Journal of Environmental Psychology 20 (3): 257-272.
•
• Hipp, J., Bauer, D., Curran, P., and Bollen, K. 2004. Crimes of Opportunity or Crimes of
• Emotion? Testing Two Explanations of Seasonal Change in Crime. Social Forces 82 (4): 1333-1372.
•
• Mares, D. 2013. Climate change and crime: monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies
• and crime rates in St. Louis, MO 1990-2009. Crime, Law and Social Change 59 (2): 185-208.
•
• McDowall, D., Loftin, C., Pate, M. 2012. Seasonal cycles in crime, and their variability. Journal
• of Quantitative Criminology. 28 (3): 389-410.
•
• Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. Criminal Justice Data Reporting. 2015.
• https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/bca-divisions/mnjis/Pages/uniform-crime-reports.aspx
•
• Rock, D., Greenberg, D., and Hallmayer, J. 2003. Cyclical changes in homicide rates: a
• reanalysis of Brearley’s 1932 data. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 18 (8): 942.
•
• Schafer, J. Varano, S., Jarvis, J., Cancino, J. 2010. Bad moon on the rise? Lunar cycles and
• incidents of crime. Journal of Criminal Justice. 38 (4): 359-367.
•
• Uniform Crime Reports–City of Minneapolis. 2015.
• http://www.minneapolismn.gov/police/statistics/WCMS1P-104396

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geog401presentationfinal

  • 1. Crime and Seasons in Minneapolis 2000-2013 Drew Michel GEOG 401
  • 2. Introduction It is important to know if there are higher crime rates in the summer than any other seasons and the lower crime rates occur in the winter months. The data shown contains trends of how frequent crime occurs in the respective seasons.
  • 3. • RESEARCH QUESTION • What season has the highest crime rates? • Which season has the lowest crime rates? • Which areas in Minneapolis have the most crimes?
  • 4. Data The crime rates shown focus on certain neighborhoods in Minneapolis, each of them from a different region. They essentially show where the most crime rates are taking place.
  • 5. Data • Six neighborhoods were selected when gathering the data. Each neighborhood is a sample from a different sector in Minneapolis.
  • 6. Minneapolis Sectors • North: Hawthorne • Northeast: Holland • Downtown: Downtown West • South: Longfellow • Southeast: Macy-Holmes • Southwest: Whittier
  • 8. Data • The selected neighborhoods were organized into a ranking system which indicates the frequency of crime rates. The greater the frequency, the darker the color is. • The following map provides an indication of this ranking system.
  • 10.
  • 11. Data • The graphs in the subsequent slides show the crime rates and average temperatures throughout the seasons. They show the patterns of the crime rates that occur seasonally.
  • 13. Crime Rate 2006-2010 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 W 2006 Sp 2006 Su 2006 F 2006 W 2007 Sp 2007 Su 2007 F 2007 W 2008 Sp 2008 Su 2008 F 2008 W 2009 Sp 2009 Su 2009 F 2009 W 2010 Sp 2010 Su 2010 F 2010 Hawthorne Holland Marcy-Holmes Downtown West Whittier Longfellow Average Temp
  • 15. Analysis • This map is a layout of Minneapolis. The neighborhoods where the data was obtained are a different color from the majority. • This map shows which selected neighborhoods have higher crime rates, with the darker colors representing the highest rates and the lighter colors representing the lower rates.
  • 16. Analysis • The graphs shown represent the crime rates of the different neighborhoods. One can see that the crime rates tend to peak in the summer most of the time, as well as the lower crime rates occurring during the winter.
  • 17. Analysis • The neighborhood with the most frequent crime rates was Downtown West. • The neighborhood with the fewest crime rates was Holland.
  • 18. Conclusion My findings have noticed that most of the time, crime rates are higher during the summer months than most of the other seasons. There were some years that had the fall rates have more crime rates. The Winter months have been proven to be the least active for crime rates.
  • 19. Conclusion • In the end, this project was mostly successful because the data provided the data needed to support the thesis.
  • 20. References • Andresen, M. A. and Malleson, N. 2013. Crime Seasonality and its variations across space. • Applied Geography 43: 25-35. • • Biermann, T., Asemann, R., McAuliffe, C., Strobel, A., Keller, J., Sperling, W., Bleich, S., • Kornhuber, J., and Reulbach, U. 2009. Relationship between lunar phases and serious crimes of battery: a population-based study. Comprehensive Psychiatry 50 (6): 573-577. • • Bushman, B., Wang, M., Anderson, C. 2005. Is the Curve Relating Temperature to Agression • Linear or Curvliniear? Assaults and Temperature in Minneapolis Reexamined. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 (1): 62-66. • • Carbone-Lopez, K. and Lauritsen, J. 2013. Seasonal variation in violent victimization: • Opportunity and the annual rhythm of the school calendar. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 29 (3): 399-422. • • Cohn, E., and Rotton, J. 2000. Weather, Seasonal trends and property crimes in Minneapolis, • 1987-1988. A moderator-variable time-series analysis of routine activities. Journal of Environmental Psychology 20 (3): 257-272. • • Hipp, J., Bauer, D., Curran, P., and Bollen, K. 2004. Crimes of Opportunity or Crimes of • Emotion? Testing Two Explanations of Seasonal Change in Crime. Social Forces 82 (4): 1333-1372. • • Mares, D. 2013. Climate change and crime: monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies • and crime rates in St. Louis, MO 1990-2009. Crime, Law and Social Change 59 (2): 185-208. • • McDowall, D., Loftin, C., Pate, M. 2012. Seasonal cycles in crime, and their variability. Journal • of Quantitative Criminology. 28 (3): 389-410. • • Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. Criminal Justice Data Reporting. 2015. • https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/bca-divisions/mnjis/Pages/uniform-crime-reports.aspx • • Rock, D., Greenberg, D., and Hallmayer, J. 2003. Cyclical changes in homicide rates: a • reanalysis of Brearley’s 1932 data. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 18 (8): 942. • • Schafer, J. Varano, S., Jarvis, J., Cancino, J. 2010. Bad moon on the rise? Lunar cycles and • incidents of crime. Journal of Criminal Justice. 38 (4): 359-367. • • Uniform Crime Reports–City of Minneapolis. 2015. • http://www.minneapolismn.gov/police/statistics/WCMS1P-104396