This document discusses nutrigenomics, which is the study of how genes interact with dietary components and how genes metabolize nutrients. It explores how specific nutrients can affect gene expression and influence health outcomes and disease states. Key areas that nutrigenomics impacts include transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Several systemic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and cancers are modified by diet, as certain bioactive dietary components can decrease inflammation and modulate immune response. Nutritional genomics also plays a role in periodontal diseases, as antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids can counteract oxidative stress, affect cytokine production, and downregulate inflammation in periodontal tissues. Personalized nutrition based on genetic factors is an important area

2. “ NUTRIGENOMICS : A NEW PARADIGM FOR
UNDERSTANDING PERIODONTAL DISEASES ’’
GUIDED BY:
Dr. SAVITA.S , M.D.S
PROFESSOR AND H.O.D
DEPT OF PERIODONTOLOGY
CO-GUIDE :
Dr. RITHESH.K, M.D.S
READER
DEPARTMENT OF
PERIODONTOLOGY
PRESENTED BY :
Dr. SHILPA . SHIVANAND.
DEPT OF PERIODONTOLOGY.
RAJARAJESWARI DENTAL COLLEGE.

3.  Relationship of nutrition with health is long
known.
 But how each component exert their effect on
an individual at genetic level is gradually
known.
 Specific bioactive feed components present in
diet act as the key environmental factors which
regulate gene expression. (Mead, 2007)
 With these knowledge a new area of study
called “NUTRIGENOMICS” has emerged.
(Roche et al 2006)
INTRODUCTION

4.  The study of how genes and gene products
interact with dietary chemicals to alter
phenotype and, conversely, how genes and
their products metabolize nutrients is called
nutritional genomics or “Nutrigenomics”.
(Kaput et al, 2005)
 A new science seeking to understand the
influence of dietary components on the
Genome, Transcriptome, Proteome, and
Metabolome. (Ronteltap et al, 2009)
 It is a science which study the effect of
nutrients on the gene expression.
WHAT IS NUTRIGENOMICS

5. 
BASIC TOOLS
TRANSCRIPTOMICS
Approach in which mRNA, and
consequently gene expression is analyzed
in a biological sample under certain
conditions at given point of time
METABOLOMICS
Quantitative analysis of all
metabolites in a biological system
such as cell, tissue or biological
fluid (blood, plasma and saliva)
PROTEOMICS
Take this analysis further and aims
to characterize all proteins in a
biological sample at the functional
level

6.  Diet and food components -
prime environmental factors that
affect the genome,
transcriptome, proteome and
metabolome  this life-long
interaction defines health/
disease state of an individual.
 Nutritional genomics approach
 created hopes: gene-based
nutrition planning- play a
significant role in preventing
chronic disease
WE ARE WHAT WE EAT

8. • 65 SNPs associated with the risk of
developing type II DM
• Advances of genome sequencing & decoding
human genome  test for detection of SNPs
 available to public
Type II DM
• Cause chronic process of inflammation for
developing metabolic syndromes.
• Bioactive component α-tocopherol in green
tea decrease chronic inflammatory process in
obese.
Obesity
• Higher intakes of oily fish
• Lowering of plasma triacylglycerolCVD
SYSTEMIC DISEASES MODIFIED BY DIET

9. 
• Postmenopausal women
• Phosphorous damage kidney & cause
osteoporosis
• Increase micronutrient mainly calcium
Osteoporosis
• Overdose of aluminium cause dementia
• Diet supplements like antioxidants (vit
A & C), lipoic acid, L- carnitine , fruits
& vegetables
Dementia,
Alzheimer’s
• Nickel nose,lung, larynx, prostrate
cancer
• green tea in inhibiting TNF-α release in
lung cancer
• prostate carcinogenesis
induced  n-methyl-n-nitrosourea 
tomato powder inhibit carcinogenesis
Cancers

10. 
PERIODONTITIS
DIABETES,
HYPERTENSION
OBESITY,
DYSLIPIDEMIA
VITAMIN,
MINERAL,
NUTRIENT
DEFICIENCY
OSTEOPOROSIS,
RHEUMATOID
ARTHRITIS
SYSTEMIC DISEASES REGULATING PERIODONTAL
HEALTH

11. 
Antioxidant vitamins (vitamins A, C and E)
Trace elements (selenium, copper and zinc)
Depleted during periods of inflammation
Counteract reactive oxygen species damage to
cellular tissues
Modulate immune-cell function through
regulation of redox-regulated transcription
factors
Affect production of cytokines &
prostaglandins
NUTRIRIONAL MODULATION OF PERIODONTAL
INFLAMMATION
I.

12. 
Selenium important
redox functions
Selenium-dependent
glutathione enzymes
Reduction of damaging lipid and
phospholipid hydro peroxides
to harmless products
Periodontal disease
progression increased plaque
and higher gingival index
measurements
II.

13. 
Vitamins, Trace elements
Epithelial tissue integrity and
structure
Periodontal health
III.

14. 
ώ-3
polyunsat
urated
fatty
acids
(oily fish)
Increase the tissue
concentrations of
eicosapentaenoic
acid,
docosahexaenoic
acid
↓ major
inflammatory
mediators PG
E2, PG F2
alpha, LT B4
, PAF in
gingival
tissue
Down regulate
inflammation
Bone
destruction
PeriodontitisIV.

15. 
PREVENT
PERIODONTITIS
Calcium
Antioxidants
higher intake of
vegetables, berries,
fruits/phytonutrient
supplementation
Vitamin D
MICRONUTRITIONAL APPROACH TO PERIODONTAL
THERAPY

16. • Gene-diet interaction describes
dietary modulation of the effect
of genotype on a particular
phenotype
• Effect of dietary changes on
plasma biomarker concentrations
differs significantly between
individuals
• Inter-individual variability in
response to dietary modification
 determined by genetic factors.
PERSONALIZED NUTRITION: CURRENT STATUS AND
FUTURE

17. 
 "If we could give every individual the right amount
of nourishment and exercise, not too little and not
too much, we would have found the safest way to
health.”
 "Leave your drugs in the chemist's pot if you can
heal the patient with food."
- Hippocrates
CONCLUSION

18. THANK YOU