POISON FREE SOCIETY THOUGH HOME MADE BIO PRODUCTS...

1. Dr. Kanchan Kumar Bhowmik
Sr. Consultant
(PPT presentation in few Workshops of CMSA, NRLM, MoRD, GoI &
District Administration of Malda & South 24 Parganas)

2. Why NPM Shop
 Soil Health Management
 Nutrient Health Management
 Natural Health Management

3. Total use approximately 3,200,000 liters per year,
majority(57%) being used in Vegetables……

4. Global Warming
 Effect of El-nino……
 Carbon Emission……..
 Green Houses Gases……….

5. Problems
 O v e r u s e o f c h e m i c a l s
 W r o n g d o s e
 W r o n g c h e m i c a l s
 I n d i s c r i m i n a t e u s e – c a l e n d a r b a s e d s p r a y s
 2 o r m o r e c h e m i c a l s u s e d
 F u n n y u s e - c o c o c o l a
 A d v i s e d p r i m a r i l y b y d e a l e r s w i t h v e s t e d i n t e r e s t - t h e y a r e
t h e k n o w l e d g e c e n t e r i n a v i l l a g e
 I g n o r a n c e a n d l a c k o f p r o p e r a d v i s e f r o m e x t e n s i o n
p e r s o n n e l

6. Toxicity of Insecticides
 L D 5 0 - D o s e r e q u i r e t o k i l l 5 0 % o f t e s t p o p u l a t i o n a n d
e x p r e s s e d i n g / k g o r u g / g m b o d y w e i g h t .
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7. Policy
INDIA

8. Toxicity of Insecticides
Classification Of The
Insecticides
Medium Lethal Dose By The
Oral Route Acute Toxicity LD 50
Mg/Kg.
Body Weight Of Test Animals
Medium Lethal Dose By The
Dermal Route Dermal Toxicity LD
50 Mg/Kg.
Body Weight Of Test Animals
Color Of
Identification
Band On The
Label
1 2 3 4
1. Extremely toxic 1-50 1-200 Bright red
2. Highly toxic 51-500 201-2000 Bright yellow
3. Moderately toxic 501-5000 2001-20000 Bright blue
4. Slightly toxic More than 5000 More than 20000 Bright green
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9. 1/19/2016 9N.A.KITTUR

10. Use Of Balanced Fertilizers
 U s e o f B a l a n c e d F e r t i l i z e r s , O r g a n i c f e r t i l i z e r s a n d B i o -
f e r t i l i z e r s c a n p r o v i d e v i a b l e l e v e r a g e t o i n c r e a s e c r o p
p r o d u c t i v i t y
 I t e n r i c h t h e s o i l w i t h i m p o r t a n t n u t r i e n t s
 B i o - f e r t i l i z e r s h a s p o t e n t i a l t o g e n e r a t e a d d i t i o n a l i n c o m e
t o f a r m e r s f r o m t h e s a m e s i z e o f l a n d
 T y p e s o f B i o - f e r t i l i z e r s
 Rhizobium,
 Azotobactor,
 Azospirillium

11.  S u r v e i l l a n c e m e t h o d s
 1 . S y s t e m a t i c s a m p l i n g
 T a k i n g s a m p l e s i n t h e a l t e r n a t e r o w s a n d b e d s , d e p e n d i n g
u p o n t h e s i z e o f t h e p l o t a n d t h e n u m b e r o f r o w s , i t c a n
e a s i l y b e d e c i d e d a b o u t t h e r o w s a n d b e d s i n w h i c h t h e
s a m p l i n g c a n b e d o n e .
 2 . D i a g o n a l f a s h i o n
 T h e p e r s o n s h o u l d s t a r t t a k i n g s a m p l e s f r o m o n e c o r n e r
a n d w a l k d i a g o n a l l y t a k i n g s a m p l e s f r o m a l t e r n a t e b e d s .
O n c e t h e s a m p l e s a r e t a k e n i n o n e d i a g o n a l l i n e , s a m p l e s
s h o u l d b e t a k e n f r o m t h e n e a r e s t o t h e r c o r n e r . T h e
p e r c e n t a g e o f p e s t i n c i d e n c e

12.  U s e s o f p e s t s u r v e i l l a n c e

 1 . S u r v e i l l a n c e i s i m p o r t a n t f o r p r e d i c t i n g p e s t
o u t b r e a k s .

 2 . T h e d e g r e e o f s u c c e s s o f t h e p l a n t p r o t e c t i o n
m e a s u r e s w i l l l a r g e l y d e p e n d u p o n a n e f f e c t i v e p e s t
s u r v e i l l a n c e a n d m o n i t o r i n g p r o g r a m s .

 3 . B y s a m p l i n g i m m a t u r e s t a g e s o f i n s e c t / p e s t s , i t i s
p o s s i b l e t o f o r e c a s t t h e n u m b e r s o f p e s t s e x p e c t e d i n
t h e l a t e r s t a g e s a n d s p r a y d a t e s a r e d e t e r m i n e d s o t h a t
t h e f i r s t l a r v a e a r e d e s t r o y e d .


13. Source: www.google.co.in/imgres?hl=en&tbo=d&noj=1&tbm=isch&tbnid=GE6vC5dkpx 13
Why NPM Shop

14. Organisms Numbers
Bacteria 200 billion (2x1010)
Protozoa 20 million (2x107)
Fungi 100,000 meters (1x105)
Nematods 100,000 (1x105)
Arthropods 50,000 (5x104)
Soil Contains Enormous Numbers of Living Organisms.
One Cup of Undisturbed Native Soil may Contain

15. E s s e n t i a l E l e m e n t s R e q u i r e d
F o r P l a n t G r o w t h
• Light
• Mechanical support
• Heat
• Air
• Water
• Nutrients
• Except light all comes from the soils

17. মা-এর সত্বা হাররয়ে ফেলরি

18. Why Farmers Use Chemical Pesticides

19. Why Farmers Stopped Using Chemical
Pesticides
Health concern

20. I n t r o d u c t i o n T o O r g a n i c P e s t i c i d e s
 Biopesticides: pesticides containing a living
organism, eg. Bt. (Bacillus Thuringiensis),
Effective Microorganisms?
 Insecticide Soaps
 Insecticide Oils
 Botanical pesticides: extracts of plants with
components that are toxic to insects

21. C o n t r o l M e a s u r e s

23. প্রকৃ রিই আমায়ের সব রেয়েয়ি

28. BIOFERTILIZERS ARE MICROBIAL
INOCULANTS SUPPORTED ON
CARRIERS AND MAKE AGRICULTURE
 Environmentally Sustainable
 Economically Rewarding
 Intellectually Stimulating

29. What Are Bio fertilizers (BF)?
 Microbial inoculants that are carrier-based preparations
containing beneficial microorganisms in a viable state.
 Intended for seed or soil application.
 Designed to improve soil fertility in N and P
 Provide growth promoter substances.
 Protects atmosphere
 Reduce 25% of chemical fertilisers
 Also reduces the spread of soil borne diseases

30. N A D E P C O M P O S T

31. Microbial inoculants
 Artificially multiplied cultures of certain soil organisms
that can improve soil fertility and crop productivity.
 Rhizobia were discovered in 1895, followed by the
Azotobacter and then the blue green algae and a
host of other micro-organisms.
 Azospirillum and Vesicular-
Arbuscular Micorrhizae
(VAM) are fairy recent discoveries.

32. Natural Enemies / Farmers Friends
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33. S.no Microbes Producing
Beneficial Change
Plant Associated with Nature of
Interaction
1 Rhizobium Legume Symbiosis
2 Azotobacter Soil Treatment for NON
Legume Crops Including
dry land crops
Non Symbiotic
3 Azospirillum Cereals Symbiosis
4 Cyanobacteria Rice
5 Phosphate
Solubilizing Bacteria
Soil Applications for all
Crops

34. Ingredient/Material used : Cow dung , Cow Urine , Available decomposed green
leaf & waste materials i.e. Kitchen Waste / Municipal waste etc., Good Soil, Water
Dose: Broadcasting method at the time of land preparation or, at the time of
vegetative & reproductive growth stages of existing Crops (Cereals, Pulses & Oil
seeds, Plantation Crops, Spices, Vegetables etc.)
Rate : Rs. 75.00 (MSP) : Date of packing :
Packing size : 5 Kg.
Produced & Marketed By :
Address :

35. Uses Of Bio Fertilisers
 Enhances soil productivity
 Improves physical condition of soil and facilitates supply free air and
water
 They take nutrients like Nitrogen from atmosphere or from soil and
supply to the plants
 Equalises the physical and chemical characters of soil, thereby
prevents the deficiencies of micro nutrients
 Facilitates Unavailable phosphorus is made available to the plant
 Required Hormones, vitamins and Enzymes are supplied to plants
 Less cost
 Bio fertilisers live independently or symbiotic with plants
 They facilitate and supply unavailable form of phosphorus to
available form

36. Application of Bio fertilizers
 Seed treatment or seed inoculation
 Seedling root dip
 Main field application through FYM

37. NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA
These fertilisers take atmospheric
Nitrogen through roots and convert
into nitrates
 Example
 Azotobacteria is used for the
non legume crops
 Rhizobium is needed for the
legume crops
 Blue green algae are needed to
grow rice
 Acetobacter is used to grow
sugarcane

38. RHIZOBIUM CULTURE
 Bacteria that grows in root
nodules of legumes [soya bean,
etc.]
 Rhizobium INOCULANTS: Use of
Rhizobium culture in legumes is
most promising.
 On average, its use can supply
15-20 kg N/ha to legumes:
increase yield up to 20 per cent.

39. AZOLLA
 It absorbs atmospheric
Nitrogen and coverts
to Ammonia and
nitrate form and supply
to plants
 Azolla is used as bio
fertilizer for wetland
rice and it is known to
contribute 16-20 kg
N/Acre per rice crop..
Videos
1. Azolla Pit construction
2. Azolla Inoculation

41. Preparation of Bio Pesticides
Liquid Manure like
Agnastram,
Brabhastram,
Neemastram,
Sangarak,
Panchagabya,
Amritajal,
Sanjeevak,
Jeebamruth etc.

42. Classification of Pesticides
Based on nature of Pest.
1 Acaricides- For control of Mites.
2 Algicides - For Destruction of Algae and aquatic
Vegetation.
3 Bactericides- Control of Bacteria.
4 Fungicides – Control of fungi.
5 Herbicides – Control of Weeds.
6 Insecticides – Control of Insects.7 Molluscicides – Control of
Mollusks.
8 Nematocides – Control of Nematodes.
9 Rotendicides – Control of Rats and others.
10. Repellent – Repelling insects.
11.Attractants – Attracting Insects.
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43. Liquid Manure like Agnastram, Brabhastram, Neemastram, Sangarak,
Panchagabya, Amritajal, Sanjeevak, Jeebamruth etc

44. Amritajal
• Water – 10 litre
• Cow-urine – 1 litre
• Fresh Cow-dung – 2 Kg.
• Molasses – 100-200 gm.

45. Ingredient/Material used : Water, Cow urine, Fresh Cow dung, Molasses etc.
Dose: Spraying method at the time of vegetative & reproductive growth
stages of existing Crops (Cereals, Pulses & Oil seeds, Plantation Crops, Spices,
Vegetables etc.) / 5-10 ml. per litre of water.
Rate : Rs. 75.00 (MSP) : Date of packing :
Packing size : 1 lit.
Produced & Marketed By :
Address :
Amritajal

47. Jeevamrith
• Water-20 litre
• Cow-urine-2 litre
• Fresh Cow-dung- 2 Kg.
• Pulses dust-200 gm.
• Fresh soil -100 gm

48. Ingredient/Material used : Dry Neem leaf dust, Chilli Powder, Turmeric
Powder.
Dose: 2 gm. Per Kg. seed at the time of Packing (Cereals, Pulses & Oil seeds,
Plantation Crops, Spices, Vegetable Seeds etc.).
Rate : Rs. 100.00 (MSP) : Date of packing :
Packing size : 100 g.
Produced & Marketed By :
Address :
Neemastra

49. Neemastram
• Neem Leaf paste-5Kg.
• Cow-urine-5 litre
• Fresh Cow-dung- 2 Kg.

50. Ingredient/Material used : Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts ,Cow
urine, Fresh Cow dung etc.
Dose: Spraying method at the time of pest & diseases infection of vegetative
& reproductive growth stages of existing Crops (Cereals, Pulses & Oil seeds,
Plantation Crops, Spices, Vegetables etc.) / 3-5 ml. per litre of water.
Rate : Rs. 150.00 (MSP) : Date of packing :
Packing size : 100 ml.
Produced & Marketed By :
Address :

51. Insect
What is Insects ?
The y hav e de fin it e
charact e rist ics, l ike –
 Body is div ide d i nt o
t hree part s Head ,
Thorax , Abdom e n .
 The y hav e 3 pairs o f
Legs and 2 pairs of
wings .
 The y u nde r go
Met am orphosis E gg ,
Larv ae , Pupa and
Adu l t .
1/19/2016 51N.A.KITTUR

52. Insects
 Ou t of
9 ,1 0 ,0 0 0 species
of anim al s
6 ,4 0 ,0 0 0 are
inse ct s (7 3 %)..
They are the
l a r g e s t group of
animals in the Animal
Kingdom
1/19/2016 52N.A.KITTUR

53. Chewing
Chew leaf stem or root
portion causing holes,
Skeletonize or destroy leaves.
Ex.- Grass Hopper, Beetles etc.
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54. Boring and Mining cause damage by boring or mining
into the plants. Ex Stem Borer, leaf Miners.
1/19/2016 54N.A.KITTUR

55.  APPLICATION OF SNGHARAK
f¡a¡u pl¦ h¡c¡j£ c¡N

56. f¡a¡u h¡c¡j£ c¡N

57. Brambhastra
• Neem Leaf Paste-3 Kg.
• Cow-urine-10 litre
• Papaya Leaf Paste-2 Kg.
• Guava Leaf Paste-2 Kg.
• Bedana Leaf paste-2 Kg.

58. What are Nematodes
• Nematodes are minute threadlike
worms ,plant nematodes generally live
in the soil in large numbers infesting
roots .Galls and Curling of plant part.
• Rodents – feed and destroy all type of
grains at every stage right from the
field to godown ,warehouse, shops
hotels and home.
1/19/2016 58N.A.KITTUR

59. What are Diseases ?
• When Plants fails to perform its
normal growth and function
resulting in lower yields and poor
quality of produce. Bacteria, Fungi.
• Some disease like symptoms are
also produced by plants due to
deficiency of certain nutrients, Soil
condition and Water Logging
condition.
1/19/2016 59N.A.KITTUR

60. • Damage caused by Bruchids
• Life Cycle Of
Bruchids
60

61. Cowpea Bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.)
Beetles: Weevils, Grain Borers,
Bruchids, Khapra Beetles
The main beetle pests of
storage are Bruchids (e.g.
cowpea seed beetles and
bean Bruchid), grain borers
(e.g. the larger and the lesser
grain borers), weevils (e.g. grain
weevils), flour beetles, Khapra
beetles and dried fruit beetles.
The larvae and some adult
beetles feed in the seeds and
grain, leaving them full of small
holes. Sometimes a fine dust is
found around the holes, being
the excrements of these
beetles. Beetle damage
renders grains and seeds
unsuitable for human and, in
case of heavy attack, even for
animal consumption.
61

62. Sanjeevak
• Water-3 litre
• Cow-urine-1 litre
• Fresh Cow-dung- 1 Kg.
• Molases-10 gm.

63. What are Mites
• M i t e s a r e a l s o i n s e c t s a n d
c a u s e s i m i l a r d a m a g e a s
s u c k i n g i n s e c t s b u t h a v e
f o u r p a i r s l e g s a n d
g e n e r a l l y s u c k s a p c a u s i n g
s y m p t o m s l i k e r e d d e n i n g ,
b r o n z i n g a n d c u r l i n g o f
l e a v e s .
1/19/2016 63N.A.KITTUR

64. Pulse Bruchid
• B r o wn b e e t l e wi t h b l a c k
s p o t s
• P i g e o n p e a g e t s i n f e c t e d
i n f i e l d , c h i c k p e a i n
s t o r a g e
• L a r v a f e e d a n d p u p a t e
e n t i r e l y wi t h i n t h e s e e d
• 2 0 - 2 8 d a y s c y c l e
64

65. Agnayastra
• Bonkolmi Leaf Paste-1 Kg.
• Chilli- 500 gm.
• Garlic- 500 gm.
• Neem Leaf Paste-5 Kg.
• Cow-urine-10 litre

66. Panchagabya
• Cow-dung liquid- 4 litre
• Cow-dung-1 Kg.
• Cow urine-3-4 Litre
• Cow milk- 2 litre
• Cow-curd- 2 litre
• Cow Ghee- 1 Kg.
• Molases-250 gm.
• Green Coconut-1 piece
• Banana- 6 pieces

67. Uddipak
• Subabul Leaf paste-4 Kg.
• Cow dung-20 Liter
• Fresh Water – 20 litre
• Cow urine- 4 litre
• Molasses -250 gm.

68. Sanharak
• Neem Leaf Paste-2 Kg.
• Chilli- 100 gm.
• Garlic- 100 gm.
• Turmeric-100 gm.

69. Tmp¡

71. গাড়া পচা বা ঢ্যাঙা র াগ

72. M¡m¡ fQ¡

73. RED ROT

74. f¡a¡u J c¡e¡u R¡Vc¡N

75. On whole seed
On Palea
On karnel & part of lemma
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76. L¡m¡ c¡e¡

77. c¡e¡u ¢QV c¡N

79. On What Crops Organic Pesticides Are Used

81. Thank you