2. PLATO
• Every individual should devote his life
to what is best fitted for him to do.
• The important function of education is
to determine what every individual is
by nature capable and fitted of doing
things.
• Poor leadership will lead to wrong
decisions.
3. PLATO
• The physical objects are not permanent
representations of unchanging ideas, and that
the ideas alone give true knowledge as they
are known by the mind.
• Social justice is giving of what is due to
whom it is due.
• Intellectual aristocracy is the rule of
intellectual elite.
• An individual who should lead society
should be endowed with superior intelligence
and possessed impeccable integrity.
4. ARISTOTLE
• The end of education is not knowledge
is not knowledge alone. It is the union
of the innate intellect of the individual
and his will. It is knowledge expressed
in action.
• Virtue which is moral excellence
goodness and righteousness is not
possession of knowledge. It is the state
of the will.
5. ARISTOTLE
• The process of correct thinking can be
reduced to ruled like physics and
geometry and taught to any normal mind.
• Advocates the practice of moderation.
• Vices are irrational habits or practices
because they often stem from passion
which often goes beyond reason.
• Advocates scientific approaches to
education.
6. SOCRATES
• Knowledge of wisdom which in effect
means virtue.
• The problem of evil is the results of
ignorance.
• Knowledge is virtue and ignorance is
vice.
• Knowledge is the basis of all right
actions including the art of living
7. CONFUCIUS
• Development of moral and ethical
principles to promote peace and order
to preserve human dignity.
• The family should serve as model for
correct relations among them.
• Postulated the golden rule for all men
to follow: “Treat others as you wish
them to treat you.”
8. CONFUCIUS
• Reason and natural law constantly
enjoy man to live righteously to offend
no one and to give one this due.
• Order and harmony should begin in the
inner nature of man.
• Man can enjoy inner peace and
harmony and happiness by observing
God’s law which is enshrined in every
individual conscience.
9. CONFUCIUS
• Emphasized the importance of self-
control. “He who conquers others are
strong; he who conquers himself is the
greatest victor.”
• Reason is supposed to rule and regulate
the lower craving of man such as
appetites and passions.
• Justice and love always go together.
10. CONFUCIUS
• The coming into being of the perfect
man is a perfect social order is simply
the full development of the human
personality through the realization of
man’s powers and natural endowments
~ his physical, intellectual, emotional,
political, and economic aspirations.
