Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Digestive System Processes
Similar to Digestive System Processes (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Digestive System Processes
- 1. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: DANIELLA ANNE M. PINOTE, LPT
- 2. 1. Ingest Food 2. Break it down into small Molecules that can cross Plasma membranes. 3. Eliminate Non-digestive wastes
- 3. As of Action 1. Mechanical Digestion - food is converted into small pieces by physical means such as mastication by the teeth 2. Chemical Digestion - food is converted into simpler forms by the action of enzymes.
- 4. As to Location 1. Intracellular Digestion - inside the cell particularly in the lysosomes, characteristics of unicellular organisms. 2. Extracellular Digestion - outside the cell - inside the digestive tube
- 5. - Also called as Alimentary canal - over 30ft, long in human, beginning In the mouth and ending in the anus.
- 6. Organs that secrete juices Containing enzymes for the Digestion of food Salivary glands, gastric gland, Pacreas,intestinal gland and The liver.
- 7. Includes structures that help in the digestion of food Tongue and teeth
- 9. Anterior opening Guarded by upper and lower lips Site of mastication and lubrication of food
- 10. a. Parotid Glands - located in front of and below the ears
- 11. b. Sublingual Glands - Lie beneath the tongue proper and their ducts open into the floor of the oral cavity
- 12. c. Submandibular Gland - lie in the posterior floor of the oral cavity beneath the base of the tongue
- 13. Produce about 1 liter of saliva a day Saliva contains mucus and a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase. Teeth carry on mastication. Mastication breaks down food into smaller portions. The tongue forms the chewed food into a small mass called bolus for swallowing.
- 14. Narrow space behind the oral cavity Common passageway of food and air Swallow occurs in the pharynx Breathing does not occur when swallowing
- 15. Narrow muscular organ between the pharynx and the stomach Peristalsis movement
- 16. The largest and highly muscular part of the digestive tube. Maximum capacity of 2.5 pints Food stays about 3 to 5 hours Churning movement
- 17. Cardiac Sphincter - Anterior end - prevents backward movement of food to the esophagus.
- 18. Fundus -most expanded part of the stomach.
- 19. Pyloric Sphincter - posterior end - regulates the movement of food to the small intestine
- 20. The largest part of the digestive system. Site of final digestion and absorption About 52ft. Long Food stays 4-5 hours
- 24. Posterior part of the digestive system Joined to the small intestine by the vermiform appendix Food stay in the large intestine for 5-25 hours Absorption of water
- 25. Caecum -anterior portion - appendix is located
- 26. Colon - middle portion - divided into ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon.
- 27. Rectum - posterior portion - temporary storage of undigested food
- 28. Posterior opening of the digestive tube Exit of fecal matter Regulated by the axial sphincter
- 30. Found in the oral cavity, esophagus and small intestine and large intestine. Secrete mucin for lubrication of food.
- 31. Found in the rugne of the stomach Secrete gastric juices Controlled by the medulla of the brain and by the hormone gastrin.
- 32. Mucin- lubrication of food HCl- coverts pepsinogen into pepsin Pepsinogen- converted into pepsin by HCl; digest protein into polypeptide chains Lipase- digests fat into fatty and glycerol
- 33. Found in the intestine Secrete intestinal juices
- 34. Mucin- lubrication of food Enterokinase- activates trypsinogen to trypsin Nucleases- break nucleotides into nitrogen bases, phosphoric acids and pentoses.
- 35. Found along the peripheral surface of the duodenum Secretes pancreatic juice to the duodenum through the pancreatic duct. The pancreas makes pancreatic juices and hormones, including insulin. The pancreatic juices are enzymes that help digest food in the small intestine. Insulin controls the amount of sugar in the blood.
- 37. Secrete bile that is store in the gall bladder The largest gland in the body Storage of glycogen Production of Fibrinogen for blood clothing Site of protein synthesis Detoxification of nitrogenous waste by changing them into urea. Destruction of worn out RBC Formation and storage of vitamin A and D
- 39. The primary function of the GI tract is to move nutrients, water and electrolytes from the external environment into the body’s internal environment. The body meets physiological challenges by coordinating the four basic processes of the digestive system.
- 40. THE GI tract - muscular alimentary canal Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Anus
- 41. The accessory digestive organs -Supply secretions contributing to the breakdown of food Teeth and tongue Liver Pancreas Gall Bladder Salivary Glands
- 42. 1. Digestive - the chemical and mechanical breakdown of foods into smaller units that can be taken across the internal epithelium unto the body. 2. Absorption - The transfer of substances from the GI tract to the extracellular fluid.
- 43. 3. Motility - movement of materials in the GI tract as a result of muscle contraction 4. Secretion - both the transepithelial transfer of water and ions from extracellular fluid flood to the digestive tract lumen and the release of substances synthesized by GI cells.