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NATIONAL FOSSIL PARK GHUGHWA.ppt
- 1. By: Dr. Aparna Awasthi (FAPT,FES) Asst. Professor Govt. Science College, Jabalpur NATIONAL FOSSIL PARK GHUGHWA, MADHYA PRADESH
- 2. Ghughua NATIONAL FOSSIL PARK GHUGHWA (M.P.)
- 3. “A TRESURE OF FOSSIL DIVERSITY” 65 MILLION YEARS OLD HERITAGE
- 4. Frequent Earthquakes and flow of lava due to Volcanic Eruption
- 5. Lead to the formation of Fossils
- 6. Ghughua was Discovered by Dr. Dharmendra Prasad These fossils were discovered by Dr. Dhamendra Prasad, the statistical officer of Mandla district Archaeology Union Dr. S. R. Ingle from Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow, they conducted systematic study of these fossils.
- 7. VEGETATION OF GHUGHUA WAS HUMID WITH UNIFORM TEMPERATURE THROUGHT THE YEAR.
- 8. Dindori 65 million years ago
- 9. 65 million year ago Ghughua About 65 million (6.5 carore) years ago, this area was covered by forests similar to the evergreen and semi evergreen forests of today’s Western Ghats and Northeast India. The forests were made up of moisture loving plants. There was a three- tier forest structure consisting of small trees or shrubs growing below moderate to large size trees. The middle level had mostly trees of the Palm group.Ghughua enjoyed a humid, equatorial climate in ancient times, with uniform temperatures throughout the year and an annual rainfall above 2,000 m.m. as compared to about 1,400 m.m. now. In those times, it also had a very long rainy season. Close your eyes for a moment and try to imagine how this place would have looked in those ancient times.
- 10. Fossils of plants of very ancient times found here Mohgaon kalan Samnapur Mohgaon Parapani Ghughua The fossils found here are all of plants of very ancient times. Palm fossil are particularly numerous. Other fossilised plants ancient forms of banana , rudraksh, eucalyptus, jackfruit, jamun and aonla .Their woody parts , leaves , flowers ,fruits and seeds are represented in these fossils.
- 11. Branch of Arabian Sea “TETHYS” extended up to current Narmada Valley TETHYS
- 12. Climatic Conditions A small branch of the Arabian Sea Extended into the current Narmada Valley In ancient times land sea Current Coastline
- 13. Remains of animals and plants get permeated by mineral particals to form fossils
- 14. Evolutionary Clock Radioactive Dating Techniques help to determine history of the Earth.
- 15. Origin of life and its Diversification PRECAMBRIAN PALAEOZOIC MESOZOIC Cenozoic
- 16. LINKS TO THE PAST FOSSIL COMMON NAME Palms Hyphaenocarpon indicum Palmoxylon ghuguensis Palm Palm Sterculaceae Sterculioxyion shahpurensis Wild badam Burseraceae Burseroxylon preserratum Java badam Meliaceae Heynea trijuga Chinanji Myrtaceae Syzygioxylon mandlaens Eucalyptus dharmendrae Jamun Eucalyptus Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiocarpon drypetoides Putranjiva Moraceae Artocarpoxylon deccanensis Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpoxylon mandlaensis Jackfruit Rudraksh
- 18. CAST FOSSILS Original remains has been dissolved replaced by other material
- 19. TRACE FOSSILS Remains of borrows , foot prints.
- 20. RESIN FOSSILS Small animals and plant parts trapped in RESIN
- 23. Some modern plants fossils found here The fossils found here are all of plants of very ancient times. Palm fossils are particularly numerous other fossilized plants include ancient forms of Banana, Rudraksh, Eucalyptus, Jack fruit, jamun, and amla. Their woody parts, leaves, flowers, fruit and seeds are represented in these fossils. Banana Amla Rudraksh
- 24. Fossils of Mollusks found in Ghughua.
- 25. Studies of Fossils was made by Birbal Sahni Institute Lucknow Interestingly, many of these fossil plants have living relatives that closely resemble them. Some of these plants today occur in the Western Ghats, Sikkim and Northest India, while many others are native to Africa, Madagascar and Australia. This proves that at one time in the distant history of the Earth, India, Australia and Africa formed a single huge land mass called Gondwana that has several genera in common .
- 27. When animals or plants dies it is very soon eaten up by animals or it is decomposed. In rare cases, when death occurs in an environment that does not facilitate decay, the remains of the animal or plant get permeated by mineral particles and becomes a fossil. Usually fossils consist of body parts of animals or plants. But they could also be preserved marks such as foot prints, leaf impressions, nests of faces left by organisms when they were alive.
- 28. Ghughua Fossils What do these fossils tell us? These fossils tell us about the plant life that existed in this place millions of fears ago. The fact that they are so numerous here indicates that dense forests existed here and in the nearby areas. Then some ancient catastrophe like a massive volcanic eruption suddenly engulfed and killed off these plants. The fossils give us important clues to the geography and climate of this place in ancient times.
- 30. FOSSIL PALMS STILL EMBEDDED IN THE LAND OF GHUGHUA
- 31. STUMP OF PALM TREE
- 32. FOSSILISED COCONUT Proves the existance of Coconut trees
- 34. The largest obtained Eucalyptus Tree Preserved at the museum of Ghughua
- 35. FOSSILISED DICOT TREE SHOWING GROWTH RINGS
- 36. Fossils of various plant parts preserved in the Intertrappean Sediments
- 37. The Earth LANDMASS LOOKING IN ANCIENT TIMES AND TODAY
- 38. Earth 200 million years ago
- 39. 150 million years ago
- 40. 100 million years ago
- 41. 50 million years ago
- 42. Today at present due to Continental Drift
- 43. Why did the plants die out ? Massive Geological Processes Flow of lava Earthquack Silicaceous sediments
- 45. How Fossils are Formed? Fossils are formed when parts of dead remains get replaced molecule for molecule by inorganic material like iron pyrite, silica and calcium carbonate called Petrifaction.
- 46. What are Fossils ?
- 47. Types of fossils
- 49. Plant Fossils of Ghughua
- 50. Fossils Provide sure Evidence of life
- 51. Promise To Preserve our FOSSIL HERITAGE
- 53. Ghughua