3. FUTURE SIMPLE: FORM
This tense is formed by the
combination of the auxiliary
‘will’ and the infinitive of the
main verb:
The weather will be better next week
4. FUTURE SIMPLE: AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
study tomorrow
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
shall/will
will
will
will
Will
shall/will
will
will
5. FUTURE SIMPLE: NEGATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
study tomorrow
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
shan’t/won’ t
won’t
won’t
won’t
won’t
shan’t/won’t
won’t
won’t
6. FUTURE SIMPLE: INTERROGATIVE
AUXILIARY SUBJECT MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
study tomorrow?
Shall/Will
Will
Will
Will
Will
Shall/Will
Will
Will
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
7. FUTURE SIMPLE: USE
• Uncertain predictions :
It will rain tomorrow
If there was strong evidence for the prediction we would
use ‘going to’ future
It is going to rain tomorrow. (There are black clouds in the sky)
It is also generally preferred to use future simple after
‘I think’ or with the adverb ‘probably’:
I think that he will come next Sunday
He will probably pass this subject
8. FUTURE SIMPLE: USE
• Decisions taken at the moment of speaking:
(The phone is ringing) I’ll answer
Do you know Mary has had a baby?
No, I don’t. I’ll visit her in a few days.
However, if the answer were affirmative, it would imply that
the decision has been taken beforehand and that plans have
been made with this regard. In this case we would have to
use ‘going to’
Do you know Mary has had a baby?
Yes, I do. I’m going to visit her in a few days.
9. FUTURE SIMPLE: USE
• Promises and Threats:
I’ll pay you tomorrow
Do that again and I’ll kill you
• 1st conditional:
If I pass every subject, my parents will buy me a motorbike
• Personal offers (will/shall):
• Direct : I’ll open the door for you
• Indirect : Shall I open the door foryou?
Shall we go to the cinema?• Suggestions (shall):
10. “GOING TO” FUTURE
This tense is formed by the
combination of the auxiliary ‘be’
followed by ‘going to’ and the
infinitive of the main verb:
The weather is going to be better next week
11. “Going to” Future: AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY GOING TO MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
going to study tomorrow
am
are
is
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
is
is
are
are
are
12. “Going to” Future: NEGATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY GOING TO MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
going to study tomorrow
‘ m not
aren’t
isn’t
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
isn’t
isn’ t
aren’t
aren’t
aren’t
13. “Going to" Future: INTERROGATIVE
AUXILIARY SUBJECT GOING TO MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
going to study tomorrow?
I
you
he
Am
Are
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
she
it
we
you
they
14. “GOING TO” FUTURE: USE
• Short-term prediction:
It is going to rain (Black Clouds in the sky)
• Decisions taken beforehand:
I’m going to paint the fence
(I’ve already bought the paint and the brushes)
15. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
WITH A FUTURE MEANING
(ARRANGEMENTS)
This tense expresses actions which are
taking place at the moment of speaking,
will have a future meaning provided that
there is something in the sentence (either
explicit or implicit) which refers to the
future:
I am meeting Susan this evening.
They are travelling to France next month.
16. PRESENT SIMPLE
WITHA FUTURE MEANING
We use this tense with a future meaning when we refer to the
timetable of public transport, TV programmes, etc:
The plane leaves at 9:30
What time does the train arrive inVictoria Station?
17. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: FORM
This tense is formed by the
combination of the auxiliary ‘will’, the
infinitive of ‘be’ and the present
participle of the main verb:
I will be flying to London tomorrow
18. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY BE MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
be flying to London in 9
days
shall/will
will
will
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
will
will
shall/will
will
will
19. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: NEGATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY BE MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
be flying to London in 9
days
shan’t/won’ t
won’t
won’t
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
won’t
won’t
shan’t/won’ t
won’t
won’t
21. FUTURE CONTINUOUS: USE
• We use this tense to describe
an action which will be in
progress at a particular time of
the future:
At 11:30 tonight, I will be sleeping
22. FUTURE PERFECT: FORM
This tense is formed by the
combination of the auxiliary
‘will’ and the perfect infinitive
(have+past participle) of the
main verb:
I will have finished my project by Friday
23. FUTURE PERFECT: AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY HAVE MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
have finished my project by 10 pm
shall/will
will
will
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
will
will
shall/will
will
will
24. FUTURE PERFECT :
NEGATIVE
SUBJECT AUXILIARY HAVE MAIN VERB COMPLEMENTS
have finished my project by 10 pm
shan’t /won’t
won’t
won’t
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
won’t
won’t
shan’t /won’t
won’t
won’t
26. FUTURE PERFECT: USE
• We use this tense to describe
an action which will be finished
at a particular time of the
future:
The film will have started by 10:30 pm
