2. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
KEY BROADCAST TRANSFORMATION TRENDS
LIVE VIDEO CONTRIBUTION
5G TRANSFORMATION
CLOUD TRANSFORMATION
IP INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION
CLOUD/IP TRANSFORMATION
SUSTAINABILITY TRANSFORMATION
METHODOLOGY & DEMOGRAPHICS
CONCLUSION
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P.3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
We’re thrilled to share the results of our fourth annual Broadcast
Transformation Report. Every year, we connect with hundreds
of broadcast professionals around the globe to learn about current
and future trends, challenges, and opportunities within the broadcast
industry. In this report, you’ll find self-reported survey data related to
workflows, tactics, next-generation technologies, and more.
Digital transformation is driving exciting innovation across media and
entertainment workflows but as broadcasters adopt new technologies,
growing pains and challenges are inevitable. Improving broadcast
quality, transitioning to IP-based workflows, and reducing latency, all
while working with limited budgets pose the biggest challenges for the
broadcast professionals we surveyed. However, despite these obstacles,
we still see respondents are planning to forge ahead with plans to
introduce the latest video technology to produce engaging live events
that wow their audiences. More on this in the following pages.
Of course, we owe a big thank you to those who participated! Without
the hundreds of broadcast professionals that took the time to answer
this survey, we wouldn’t have these industry insights to share with you.
Marcus Schioler
VICE PRESIDENT MARKETING
HAIVISION
INTRODUCTION
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P.12
P.7
P.11
P.10
P.9
3. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
CLOUD-BASED WORKFLOWS
of broadcasters use at least some
cloud-based technology in their
workflows with 60% relying on cloud for less than
a quarter of their workflows, indicating that
on-premise operations remain critical to live video.
84%
KEY BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION TRENDS
2
LIVE VIDEO CONTRIBUTION
of respondents use SRT for live
video transport as the internet leads
in popularity in its use for video contribution.
68%
5G ADOPTION
of broadcasters surveyed
indicated that they already use
or plan to use 5G for broadcast contribution
in the next two years.
73%
IP INFRASTRUCTURE
of respondents indicate that
transitioning to IP is among their
organization’s top technology priorities for
the next 12 months, and over half of those
surveyed already use IP infrastructure.
51%
SUSTAINABILITY
of the broadcast professionals surveyed
work for organizations that are actively
working on developing sustainability strategies or
already have sustainability plans in place.
45%
4. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
LIVE VIDEO CONTRIBUTION
Contribution constitutes a majority of the insights we gathered from the survey.
Many of the fascinating insights we’ve seen cover how respondents approach live
video contribution, including which codecs, networks, and protocols they use.
Of the broadcast professionals surveyed, 75% of respondents leverage hardware
video encoders for broadcast contribution, with 58% of respondents using
software video encoding and 53% using video transmitters within their contribution
workflows.
Other
Mobile applications
Video conferencing (ie Zoom, Teams etc)
Video transmitters (ie bonded cellular)
Software video encoding
Hardware video encoding
2%
33%
44%
53%
58%
75%
What solutions do you use for broadcast contribution?
3
Microwave
5G
Cloud
Satellite
Fiber
3G/4G/LTE
Internet
Other
MPLS
2%
13%
27%
39%
50%
15%
24%
51%
86%
How do you transport live video for contribution?
Live video transport over the
internet grew from 79% in
2022 to 86% in 2023
5. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
LIVE VIDEO CONTRIBUTION
In terms of streaming codecs, AVC/H.264 leads the pack with 81% using the
streaming codec, followed by 63% leveraging HEVC/H.265 for live video
contribution. Looking at year-over-year data from the four years of survey resutls,
broadcasters use of the HEVC codec has increased.
4
Other
VP9
AV1
JPEG-XS
JPEG-2000
MPEG-2
HEVC/H.265
AVC/H.264
2%
4%
5%
9%
17%
32%
63%
81%
Which streaming codecs do you currently use for live video?
Year-Over-Year Codec Usage: H.264, HEVC, and MPEG2
2020 2021 2022 2023
89%
85%
82% 81%
48% 48%
59%
63%
49% 49%
36%
32%
H.264
HEVC
MPEG2
63%
of those surveyed use the HEVC
codec for their live video encoding
compared to 48% in 2020
6. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
Year-Over-Year Protocol Usage: SRT and RTMP
2020 2021 2022 2023
47%
53%
63%
68%
54%
61%
60%
59%
SRT
RTMP
5
LIVE VIDEO CONTRIBUTION
When asked about live video transport for contribution, 86% of those polled
transport live video over the internet, followed by 3G/4G/LTE (51%) and fiber (50%).
A key component of any live contribution workflow is a video transport protocol.
When asked which transport protocols they used, 68% of those surveyed use
SRT, with just over half using RTMP. In the four years since we started this survey,
broadcasters use of the SRT streaming protocol has steadily increased.
Other
None
CMAF
RIST
ZIXI
WEB RTC
MPEG-DASH
HLS
Bonded cellular protocol (LRT, SST etc)
RTP
UDP UNICAST/MULTICAST
RTMP
SRT
4%
20%
33%
41%
21%
32%
3%
5%
15%
4%
59%
68%
48%
Which video transport protocols do you currently use?
7. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
5G TRANSFORMATION
Based on this year’s survey findings, broadcasters believe 5G technology will have
the biggest impact on their workflows in the next five years. This year’s data also
shows that 5G adoption is already well underway.
Of those we surveyed, 20% indicated they are already putting 5G to use in their
broadcast workflows, and an additional 53% plan to start using 5G for broadcast
productions within the next two years. The attraction to this cutting-edge
technology is the result of its many potential benefits; when surveyed, respondents
indicate that greater bandwidth (53%) is the most compelling benefit, followed by
lower latency (51%), and more broadcast contribution versatility (33%).
Other
ATSC 3.0
8K
HDR/WCG
High Frame Rate
SMPTE ST 2110
AI & Machine learning
4K UHD
5G
29%
24%
41%
14%
21%
2%
45%
63%
43%
Which 3 technologies do you think will have the biggest
impact on broadcast production in the next 5 years?
6
Other
Network slicing
Private networks
Cover more events
Cost savings
Versatile broadcast contribution
Higher reliability
Lower latency
Greater bandwidth
None
Lower carbon footprint
Cloud agility
14%
1%
13%
26%
20%
33%
14%
51%
53%
33%
5%
13%
5%
What are the top 3 benefits you anticipate 5G will offer live
production workflows?
27%
26%
27%
20% Already using
No plans to use for now
Plan to use within the next 2 years
Plan to use within the next 12 months
27%
26%
27%
20%
What is your timeframe for using 5G broadcast contribution?
8. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
CLOUD TRANSFORMATION
Although 84% of broadcasters use at least some cloud-based technology
in their workflows, 60% rely on cloud for less than 25% of their workflows.
According to respondents, the main uses for cloud technology include
encoding/transcoding, as well as stream routing and live production,
followed by media asset storage and management, and facilitating
remote collaboration.
Other
Video editing
Device management
Playout and delivery
Remote collaboration
Media asset management and storage
Live production
Stream routing
Encoding/transcoding
26%
38%
39%
26%
34%
5%
42%
43%
40%
In what ways do cloud-based solutions support your broadcast operations?
7
3%
8%
11%
18%
44%
16%
11%
44%
16% None
50-75%
Less than 25%
8% More than 75%
18% 25-50%
3% 100%
What percentage of your current workflow elements
are cloud-based?
of broadcasters rely on cloud for less
than a quarter of their workflows,
indicating that on-premise operations
remain critical to live video.
60%
9. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
IP INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION
When asked about their organization’s top technology priorities in the next
year, 51% of those surveyed stated that both enabling remote production and
transitioning to IP were top of mind.
Though over half of broadcast professionals have deployed IP and cloud-based
broadcast infrastructure, SDI remains widely used by 88% of respondents, based
on those surveyed. Among respondents that are leveraging IP infrastructures, NDI
is the most common IP-based networking technology and is used by almost half of
our respondents in their production facilities, while 37% use ST 2110.
Other
Deploying 5G
Supporting 4K and HDR
Moving to the cloud
Enabling remote production
Transitioning to IP
9%
21%
34%
38%
51%
51%
In the next 12 months, what are your organization’s top
technology priorities?
SDI Both IP/Cloud
12%
49% 39%
What is your video infrastructure based on?
39%
of respondents indicated
that their video infrastructure
uses both SDI and IP/Cloud
Other
None
SMPTE 2022-6
Cloud-based workflows
SMPTE ST 2110
NDI
3%
15%
25%
35%
37%
49%
What IP networking technologies do you currently use
within your production facilities?
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10. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
CLOUD/IP TRANSFORMATION
According to our survey, a whopping 92% of broadcast professionals have hybrid or
remote work models that require connectivity. As organizations consider workflows
that include cloud and IP technology, those surveyed indicated that bandwidth
availability (48%), budget limitations (45%), and lack of IP or cloud knowledge (33%)
all pose challenges in their transition to IP or the cloud.
Other
Security concerns
Hiring qualified staff
Quality
Complexities of transitioning workflows
Lack of IP or cloud knowledge
Budget limitations
Bandwidth availability
2%
30%
31%
26%
28%
45%
48%
33%
When it comes to transitioning to IP and/or cloud, what are the top
challenges your organization faces?
9
Exclusively
remote
Hybrid Fully
onsite
8%
29% 63%
What work model does your organization currently follow?
11. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
SUSTAINABILITY TRANSFORMATION
Sustainability is an important topic of discussion among broadcasters. This year
we introduced new questions on the importance of sustainability among our
respondents’ organizations.
Results show that of the broadcast professionals surveyed, 73% stated that
corporate sustainability is included in their strategy, though to varying degrees.
However, over one third of that subset indicated that their organization had
sustainability requirements for suppliers. Finally, when asked about their
organization’s willingness to pay more for a product that is environmentally
conscious, 53% indicated they would be willing to pay more.
Clear objectives and processes address sustainability concerns
Sustainability values are woven into core vision and strategy
Sustainability plans are underway
There have been discussions but no plans are currently place
No plans or discussions
27%
28%
21%
16%
8%
16%
8%
28%
27%
21%
To what degree is corporate sustainability integrated into your
company’s vision and strategy?
47%
36%
14%
3% 21% or more
Up to 10% more
11% to 20% more
We would not consider sustainability
as justified cause for a higher price
3%
47%
36%
14%
Does your company have sustainability requirements for suppliers?
Would your organization (or department) be willing to pay more for a
product that is environmentally conscious? If so, how much more?
Yes Not Sure No
21%
35% 44%
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12. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
METHODOLOGY & DEMOGRAPHICS
Which of the following best describes your organization?
Government agency
Professional sports league
Cable/telco operator
Newsgathering
Professional association
OTT/VOD service
Television broadcaster
Other
Fiber/IP network operator
Broadcast/OB services
2%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
5%
21%
29%
29%
As in previous years, we ran our survey on Haivision.com from November to
December of 2022 and received a total of 720 responses from participants around
the world. Broadcast professionals such as engineers and live content producers
gave their perspectives on the state of the industry, the current challenges that they
face, and what innovations they anticipate will influence their production activities
in the future.
What is your current role within your organization?
Marketing
Finance/purchasing
Post production
Other
Research & development
Sales
IT/AV
Operations
Live production
Engineering
1%
2%
2%
4%
6%
8%
8%
9%
22%
38%
While the questions were multiple choice, many of the questions allowed multiple
answers, leading to some aggregated results adding up to more than 100%.
Of those surveyed, 29% identified their organization as a television broadcaster,
with another 29% identifying as employees of broadcast/OB services organizations.
The most common roles survey participants held were in engineering (38%) and
live production (22%).
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13. BROADCAST
TRANSFORMATION
REPORT
CONCLUSION
The proof is in the results: network technologies including cloud, IP, and 5G continue
to gain momentum in the broadcast industry to varying degrees. Our survey
results once again indicate excitement around the potential benefits of 5G cellular
networks for broadcast applications. This is especially true as the technology moves
beyond non-standalone mode’s reliance on existing 4G network cores and towards
5G standalone’s agile cloud and virtualized architecture, for both public and private
networks.
Furthermore, this year’s findings show that SRT is positioned as the dominant
transport protocol as it supports reliable and secure streaming over the internet
for live video contribution. SRT’s wide industry adoption, by broadcasters and
technology vendors alike, is a result of Haivision’s pioneering efforts and an open-
source community dedicated to the needs of broadcast engineers.
While SDI remains widely used for transporting video within broadcast facilities,
the internet and mobile networks are playing a significant role in fueling production
workflows (in conjunction with SDI). Meanwhile, the ST 2110 and NDI IP standards
continue to make inroads especially in newer broadcast facilities and OB trucks,
while cloud services are facilitating hybrid workflows and providing access to
broadcast production content and tools from anywhere.
For production workflows to remain dynamic, broadcasters must acknowledge
the expansion of new technologies such as 5G, cloud, and IP and adjust their
technology mix accordingly. Ultimately, leveraging today’s technology means
selecting the building blocks that allow production teams to effectively achieve
broadcast objectives through faster, more powerful means. As cloud technology
improves efficiency and more 5G innovation unfolds, we look forward to the ways in
which the next-generation technology can support live video.
GREAT BROADCASTS START WITH HAIVISION
Tried, trusted, and field-tested by the world’s leading broadcasters, Haivision’s
comprehensive portfolio of live video solutions power the highest quality, lowest
latency broadcast workflows with maximum reliability. A world leader in live video
contribution, Haivision’s pioneering video transmitters, encoders, receivers, and
cloud solutions enable broadcasters to deliver pristine quality live sports, news, and
event productions over any network, from any location.
LEARN MORE AT HAIVISION.COM
Authors
ABOUT HAIVISION
Marcus Schioler
VICE PRESIDENT
MARKETING
Mark Horchler
MARKETING DIRECTOR,
PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS
Ashley Sherlow
COPYWRITER
Interested in learning more about Haivision’s solutions for
broadcast? SPEAK TO AN EXPERT
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