Physical Literacy Skills Development

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Leading the Active Child
Physical Literacy Skills Development Session 1
Date: 22/09/2014
Learning objectives:
 To know everything about health and safety.
 To understand how to split/divide groups.
 To be able to stop and start kids in a large area.
 To introduce running, jumping and hopping through activities.
Health & Safety:
 Observe gym floor to ensure there is no water spillages.
 Look to see if there are objects (tables, chairs) around the perimeter of the gym floor
that could be of danger to children.
 Always take a register at the start of the lesson to know who is present in case of an
emergency.
 Always know who takes inhalers and/or medication as it is important to know who
may have a medical condition in the case of an accident or emergency.
 Ensure there is no loose clothing on children and that all of the children have their
shoe-laces tied at the start of a session.
How to divide a group?
The way to divide a group of children is to divide them by colours. For example if we have a
group of 20 children and want to divide them into 4 groups of 5, we give each child a colour
(green, red, yellow and blue) and they must go to the colour cone they were given.
Equipment Neededfor this Session:
 Cones
 Hoola hoops
 Bean bags

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When talking to children it is very important that they can all see you and they can all hear
you. When talking to children outside, make sure that the sun is not in their eyes and always
in your eyes. If it is a breezy day, always stand with the wind hitting your back, as the wind
will carry your voice towards the children who are listening.
The reason that it is important that they can see you is in the case of a child having an audio
impairment they will be able to lip read what is being explained. The reason why it is
important all children hear you is to ensure that everyone understands what they have to do in
the session.
The Horse-Shoe effect is the most effective way to talk to people.
 This ensures all children can see you.
 This ensures all children can hear you.
 Do not stand too far back.
 Be vocal when speaking as the gym hall is large.
 Make eye-contact with every child.
 Instead of having children standing you can put them sitting down or kneeling.
Key / Legend
Children
Teacher (person
speaking)
Directioninwhich
teachershouldbe
speaking

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Warm up games
Purpose of warm up games:
 Gets kids ready for exercise.
 To increase body temperature.
 To allow muscles and joints to move more freely during the main body of the session.
Structure of warm up games:
 Warm up games should be no longer than 5 minutes long.
 They must be activities that get their pulse raising (first mobility pulse raiser).
 They must be fun games.
 These games must involve all kids.

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Ship, Sea, Shore, Home:
 The only equipment we need for this game is cones (approx. 6-8).
 With the cones, lay out 4 lines, colours coordinate the lines, for example, 2 red cones
for one line, 2 blue cones for another etc.
 Line up all children in one line.
 Tell them which line is which, for example, tell them where the ship, sea, shore and
home lines are.
 Whichever one is shouted out is the one to run to, for example, if I shout ‘Ship’, the
children must run to ‘Ship’.
 When they get to ‘Ship’ they must wait to hear where they have to run next.
 To make the game more fun you can add in ‘Scrub the Deck’ when the children reach
‘Ship’, in which the children must get down on their knees and pretend to clean to
clean the ground
Shore
Home
Ship
Sea
Key/Legend
Cone
Children
Range and Direction
of movements.
3.5 meters

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Rats and Rabbits:
 Key fundamental movements skills: jogging, skipping, sprinting, catching
 The only equipment needed for this game is cones. Make 3 lines on the court with a
cone at the end of each line, with the same colour cones on each line.
 All children must line up on the middle line, one after another.
 On the right is the line called ‘Rats’ and on the left is the line called ‘Rabbits’.
 When the teacher calls ‘Rats’ everyone must run to the right line named ‘Rats’.
 When the teacher calls ‘Rabbits’ everyone must run to the left line named ‘Rabbits’.
 This game makes children think on the feet while trying to remember what each line
is.
 To make to game more challenging you can tell children to hop to the line instead of
running or skipping.
 Once everyone gets to the ‘Rats’ or’ Rabbits’ line they must then return to the neutral
line in the middle, where the teacher will once again shout ‘Rats’ or ‘Rabbits’.
 Health & Safety: Make sure that each student has enough space between each other
to prevent accidents from happening. Make sure there is no walls at each line
(Rabbits, Rats) as children may run into the wall.
Cone
Line that children stand on (Neutral, Rats,
Rabbits)
Arrow: Direction of movement
Child
Rabbits
Rats
Key / Legend
3 meters

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Main Body
Theme: Running, Jumping and Hopping
Jog and List
 Purpose of Jog & List: To get the kids physically active. To get them moving around
the hall. To get children to develop different movement concepts.
 It is important to call out ‘high knees’, ‘side to side’ and ‘heel to bum’ in this exercise
 For this game there is no equipment needed.
 Gather all children together and put them in groups of two, each group behind each
other.
 Get them jogging around the outside of the gym court and making sure as the teacher
to jog along side of them.
 Whilst they are all jogging come up with a theme, for example, counties, food,
favourite television show that each child will be able to shout out while running.
 Start at the top of the group.
 So if the first theme is food, the first child will shout out a type of food, for example,
‘Chips’.
 The second child could call out ‘Burger’, and so on, until you reach the last person.
 When you reach the last person the group must turn around and jog in the opposite
direction and come up with a brand new theme.
 The children will be so focused on thinking of what to say that they will nearly forget
that they are jogging for quite a number of minutes.
Arrows: direction of movement
Teacher
Children
Key / Legend

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How do we Stop?
 This is a non-locomotor movement, as it works on balance.
 For this exercise we do not need equipment.
 There are 2 different ways of stopping. The first way of stopping is called a jump
stop. The second way of stopping is called a stride stop.
 Make sure as a teacher to demonstrate the jump and stride stop several times before
the children attempt it.
 The jump stop is a type of movement used in playing basketball. This is completed
by planting two feet firmly into the ground at the same time, whilst slightly bending
knees for support and stability, while keeping back your straight.
 The stride stop is a regular stop used in basketball. To do this, make two steps
counting on each step (1=1st step, 2=2nd step), once you hit the number 2 you come to
an immediate stop while keeping your body straight.
 Gather all children in the hall and allow them to move in any direction they want.
 Only get students to complete these stops while jogging.
 To make this game more challenging tell children to stop on a blue, yellow, white or
red line on the gym court. This makes the children think of where to run to and makes
them also think of the type of stop they must do on that particular line.
 Another way to make this activity more challenging is to tell the children to jump stop
into hoola hoops!
Children
Different coloured lines.
Gym perimeter
Key / Legend

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This is a photo of me in a jump stop position.
This is a photo of me in a stride stop position.

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Dragons Treasure
 Key fundamental movement skills involved in dragons treasure are, jogging,
walking, dodging, coordination and sprinting.
 For this game you need 2 hula hoops and roughly 20-30 bean bags.
 One child will be the dragon and all the others will have to capture the dragon’s
treasure.
 The dragon will sit at the top of the gym hall and will face the wall nearest him so that
his back is facing the rest of the class. He will then sit down. Another hula hoop will
be place at the other end of the hall where all of the children will start but there will
be nothing placed into that hula hoop.
 A hula hoop will be place right behind the dragon with all of the bean bags in it.
 The rest of the class will stand at the other end of the gym hall. The objective for all
the children is to move up the hall when the dragon isn’t looking at them. But the
dragon’s objective is to try catching someone moving.
 If the dragon does see someone moving when he turns around he will point at them
and the person he/she points at must go back to the start and try getting the treasure all
over again.
 In the case of someone stealing the treasure (one bean bag at a time) they must run as
fast as they can back to where they started and place the bean bag into that empty
hoola hoop.
 If the dragon sees them steal it they must get up and run after the person who took it
and if the dragon catches that person then everyone else must start all over again.
Though if the dragon does not catch anybody then he loses all of his treasure.

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Children
Dragon
Hoola hoop
Bean bags
Direction of movement
My Evaluation of this Session:
I thought that our first session was very successful as our main emphasis was to have fun and
enjoy ourselves which we had done. Playing games and learning how to teach them to people
of my age and younger gave me great enjoyment. Being able to speak to everyone enabled
my confidence to grow more. The types of games that we played were for children of young
ages. The fact that we had great fun playing them gave me great confidence that children
would love them.
Key / Legend

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Two Further activities:
Hospital Tag
 This is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skill
involved in this game is running. The main skill involved is multidirectional
movement.
 To play this game one child must be ‘on’.
 The child who is on must try and attempt to tag the other players in the game.
 If a child is tagged they must lie on the ground with both of their hands and both of
their legs up in the air.
 For this player to be released they must be brought to the corner of the grid, which is
known as the hospital, to be released and free to play again.
 A clear teaching point in this game is that children cannot be tagged when rescuing
someone.
 To make this game more challenging for the children: have 2 or more chasers.
 Health & Safety: children must not push anyone when tagging them.
Child
Chaser
Hospital
Arrow;
child’s
direction
of
movement.
Key/legend

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Park Gates
 This is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skill
involved in this game is running.
 When setting out the area it should be the length of the MPC.
 All children should be split into 2 teams. Each team lines up at the end of each side of
the gym.
 Two children in each group come out and make an arch or gate using their bodies.
 Then another two children from each group must run under the gates from their own
team and run under the gates from the opposition team.
 They must then run back to their own team and run under their own gates for the final
time.
 It is very important to tell the children to use their arms when running.
 To make this game more challenging: when the first two children make it back to
their own team they must make and arch themselves and take over for the original two
children who were doing that role.
 Health & Safety: Do not place children beside a wall as if children run through the
arch they may run into the wall.
The green
team with
their arch.
Blue team
with their
arch.
Arrow:
direction
of
movement
of teams.
Key/legend

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Reference for additional activities:
Little Athletics Leader Manual p. 11 & 30
(Athletics Ireland Development Team, 2008)

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29/09/2014
Learning Objectives:
 To be able to use agility to jump over hurdles.
 To use balance when skipping between cones.
 To use coordination skills during a challenge relay.
Equipment needed for this session:
 Cones
 Bibs
 Hurdles

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Warm up games:
Relay Activities:
 This game involves locormotive movement as it only involves running.
 A few safety points are to make sure the all children start at the right hand side of the
cone and come back down on the left hand side of the cones.
 There should be roughly 4 teams with 4/5 people on each team.
 Each team will be given a cone to carry when running up and down the court. The
reason each team is given a cone is prevent people from going early.
 When one member of the team runs up and back he/she must then pass the cone to
next person waiting at the starting line.
 As this is a warm up game it is not a race. Each member must jog up and back passing
the cone to the next person until the last person is finished.
 To make this game more challenging the children can skip, hop and jog and different
intervals along the court.
Cone
Child with cone in hand.
Direction of movement.
Key/Legend

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Dragon’s Tail:
 This involves non-locomotive movement (twisting, turning, reaching and grabbing).
 It focuses on agility. It is mainly used in basketball for defensive screening.
 This game involves roughly 8-10 children.
 One group of 7-8 children stand one-behind-one, each holding the sides of the t-shirt
belonging to the person in front. This group is called the tail.
 On the opposite side to these is the dragon that faces the tail group.
 The objective is for the dragon to touch the last person in the tail group.
 The other objective is for the tail group to block the dragon from getting to the back
of the group by using agility and keeping hands up and out to prevent to dragon
passing by to the back of the group. The tail group must use non-locomotive
movement to disallow the dragon to reach to back of the group.
 Health & safety: make sure that the person on the front of the tail group and the
dragon both keep their head up to be aware where they are as having head down may
cause children to bang heads together. This game involves little amount of running as
running can cause the tail group to react quickly by pulling the person in front and
causing injury.
Dragon
Child holding onto t-shirt of child in front.
Key/Legend

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Main Body
Theme: Running, Jumping and Hopping, Sliding
Squirrels in the Forest:
 This game involves locomotor movement, Running, jumping, and hopping.
 It involves the age groups of early to middle childhood.
 In this game we lay out a rectangle with cones.
 The objective of this game is for the squirrels to get from one end to the other without
the being touched by the trees.
 The trees just have to keep their arms out while kneeling down in the rectangle and try
to touch the squirrels passing by. Do not push or hit the squirrels.
 Health & Safety: make sure that when the trees are going to tap the squirrels, to only
tap them and not to push them. If the squirrels are jumping over the trees’ arms make
sure to not swipe at the squirrels as it will cause an accident.
 To make this game more challenging, the squirrels can only hop, jump, skip or move
from side to side through the rectangle.
Squirrels (Children)
A tree (children) with arm’s out.
Key/Legend

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Rabbits:
 This game is a locomotor movement game that involves running, jumping, hopping
and skipping.
 This game involves 10-12 people which one person or two people can be ‘On’. It is
played in a space of half the size of a basketball court or the full size.
 For all the people who aren’t on, they must get a bib and tuck it into the clothing on
their hip, which it is visible. These people are called rabbits and must run away from
the person who is ‘on’.
 The person who is on must run after the people with the bibs and if he/she grabs a
person’s bib it must be thrown out of the gridded area.
 To receive your bib you must do a full lap of the court and come back and pick up
your bib and resume in the game.
 This game improves coordination as you have to dodge and weave past (non-
locomotor movement) the person who is trying to get your bib.
 Health & Safety: Only grab a person’s bib on the hip; do not grab t-shirt or other
clothing as it can cause someone to slip. Keep an eye of where everyone is and do not
run with head down as it will cause someone to bump into someone.
The person who is ‘On’.
Direction he/she must move.
Rabbits (children).
Key/Legend

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Tag & Double Tag:
 This game involves Locomotor Movement (Running) and Coordination.
 It can be played during early, middle and late childhood.
 It can be played with up to 30 people in a class.
 Single tag is when one or two children are ‘On’ and must tag (tap) anybody that isn’t
‘On’.
 When a person gets tagged they must get on their knees and raise their right hand. To
be released from this position somebody must come along and lower the person’s
right hand. This is called ‘Flushing the toilet’. This adds more excitement to the
game.
 Double tag is different to single tag. If someone gets tagged, they must link hands
and run around together to catch someone else. They cannot let go of each other and
must constantly link hands until they tag another person. When the other person is
tagged they link hands with the duo and then become three people. This is done until
the whole class is caught, remembering to always keep hands linked together.
 Health & Safety: Only tap someone and do not attempt to hit someone when tagging
them. Always remember to stay inside the allowed area to prevent cheating. Keep
head up when running to prevent anyone from bumping heads or hurting anyone.
The Children who are ‘On’.
Children who are NOT ‘On’.
Single Tag Double Tag
Key/Legend

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Hop, Skip and Jump:
 This game is focused on balance and agility. It incorporates running, jumping,
skipping and hopping (locomotor movement).
 Equipment we need is hurdles and cones.
 Split roughly 20 children into 4 groups of 5.
 Lay out 3 hurdles, roughly 0.5 meters apart, after that lay out 5 meters between 2
cones and another 5 meters between 2 more cones and then finally 5 meters between 2
last cones. Make sure this is all laid out in a straight line.
 The children must jump over the first 3 hurdles with two feet, and on the second time
around they can jump over with just one foot, changing to the other foot on the third
time around.
 The first 5 meters of cones are to be skipped through. The second 5 meters of cones
are to be hopped through. The final 5 meters are jogged through and then jog back to
the end.
 Health & Safety: Make sure that the hurdles are facing the right way around as it can
cause an accident if they are not positioned correctly.
 To make this more challenging we can incorporate a basketball into this and then
agility, balance and coordination becomes the key fundamental movement skills. If
it is brought into a challenge relay make sure to emphasise that it is not a race because
technique will no longer exist.
Cone.
Hurdle.
Skip
5 meters
Jump
5 meters 5 meters
Hop
Run
Key/Legend

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Learning Outcomes:
 I learned that the first manipulation we done were retentive manipulation, which is
keeping the ball. This can be seen in Gaelic when a player solos the ball and hops the
ball.
 I also learnt that receptive manipulation is when you receive the ball. For example
when a keeper in a soccer match catches the ball, he receives the ball therefore that is
receptive manipulation.
 Finally we encountered propulsive manipulation. This is when you throw something.
For example when a football keeper throws the ball to a player, which is propulsive
manipulation.

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Two further activities:
Fireman’s Tag:
 This game is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skill
 To play this game split children into groups of four. They must all line up behind each
other.
 5 meters away from them is a line called the boundary line. Each child should name
each other one, two, three or four.
 One will take two’s hands and leave two at the boundary line.
 One returns to collect three bringing three to the boundary line.
 This continues until each child gets do what one does.
 Teacher should tell the children that each child should match each other for speed and
size.
 The make this game more challenging increase the distance that each child has to run.
 Health & Safety: Children are not to drag players along if they are struggling to keep
up with each other.
Cone
Child
Arrow:
child’s
direction
of
movement.
Key/ legend

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Jumping Rabbits
 This game is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skills
involved in this game are hopping and jumping.
 To start this game, divide all children into groups of two.
 Get all children to line up at one end of the court.
 Place cones three meters apart from each other.
 The first child will hop on his right leg to the first cone. He will then turn back and
hop to his starting position.
 The second child will then hop out to the second cone on his right foot. He will then
hope back to where he started.
 It is important that children change to their left leg when they are finished.
 The teaching points that are important to note are: child should keep their head up and
to remember to use alternate leg on the second time around.
 To make this game more challenging get the child to start on their weaker leg.
 Health & Safety: it is vital that the floor is checked for water of any other wet
patches as child could slip and get a serious injury.
Child 1
Child 2
Movement
from child
1.
Movement
from child
2.
Cone
Key/legend

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References:
Little Athletics Leader Manual p.33 & 91

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6/10/2014
‘Theme, Developing movement literacy’
 To be able to complete retentive manipulation by dribbling a basketball.
 To demonstrate receptive and propulsive manipulation by rolling and receiving a ball.
 to be able to show coordination by taking part in the game mousetrap.
 Cones (different colours)
 Basketballs/football
 Bibs
 Bean bags

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Warm Up:
Traffic Lights:
 This game is a locomotor movement game. It involves running.
 For this game we need to mark out a gridded area roughly 10 meters x 10 meters.
 All children will be inside the area marked out by the cones.
 The teacher will be standing at the front of the area on top of a chair or table holding 3
different colour cones.
 The children will start running but they must keep their head up looking at the teacher
to see what colour cone is raised.
 If the teacher raises a Red cone everybody must STOP.
 If the teacher raises an Orange cone everyone must JUMP STOP with their arms over
their head.
 If the teacher holds up a Green cone everyone must continue/start JOGGING.
 Health & Safety: make sure that students have enough space in the area so that they
aren’t bumping into each other a lot. Also make sure when you raise the green cone
children don’t start sprinting.
 To make this game more challenging you can incorporate a basketball into it. Make
children bounce a small basketball while jogging. When they must jump stop, they
shall place basketball over their head while doing so. This makes the game more
difficult and challenging for children.
Teacher with coloured cones.
Child.
Key/Legend

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Slalom Running:
 This involves agility and balance. It is a locomotor movement game as it
involves running while changing direction.
 For this game it is suitable to have 3 teams of 4.
 Each member of each team must run up and back, around each cone, once.
 We do not mention that this is a race as the technique will not be performed
correctly. But what we can do is incorporate Basketball Relay into it without it
being an actual race.
 We can make this game more challenging with running with a basketball
around each cone. Another challenge can be them running with a basketball
with their dominant hand on the way up and with their less dominant hand on
their way back.
 This will then be known as retentive manipulation as the child is in
possession of the ball.
 When the child is on the way back he/she must pass the ball into the next
person’s hand.
 When the child has completed his/her go, they must then sit down on the
ground so that the teacher knows they have had their turn.
 Health & Safety: we make sure that each group has enough space between
them. This game does not involve sprinting, as sharply sprinting around the
cones may result in injury.
Cone
Direction of
movement on
way up.
Direction of
movement on
the way back.
Key/Legend

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Main Body
Running, Jumping and Hopping, Sliding, Rolling, Bowling,
Striking.
Solids, Liquids and Gases:
 This game involves non locomotor movement. It also works on children’s bilateral
coordination.
 The aim of this game is to move the ball to the next person by throwing, bouncing or
by hand.
 Roughly 10 children will get into a circle. There will be 2/3 basketballs in the circle at
any one time.
 If the teacher shouts Solids, the ball must be passes to the next person by hand.
 If the teacher shouts Liquids, the ball must be passes to the next person by bouncing
it.
 If the teacher shouts Gases, the ball must be passed to the next person by throwing it
gently.
 This is encouraging receptive and propulsive manipulation.
 To make this game more challenging: when the children are passing the ball to next
person say ‘Change’. The ball must be moved in the opposite direction.
 Health & Safety: do not throw the ball at someone’s face as it may hurt somebody.
Always keep an eye out for where the next ball is as if you are not concentrating it
may hit you.
Child.
Basketball.
Ball’s
direction of
movement.
Key/Legend

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Roll Ball
 This game involves non-locomotor movement. It is mainly surrounded by balance.
 The aim of this game is to roll the basketball or football through a set of cones to the
child in front of you.
 Each child must stand between 2 cones. These 2 cones act as an objective, in which
the child in front must get the ball through these cones.
 To start the game one child holds the ball. They must roll the ball with one hand to the
child in front of them. They must aim to get the ball through the 2 cones. This type of
action is carried out by a soccergoal keeperwhen he/she rolls the ball out to a team
player.
 After doing this for several minutes they must then roll the ball with both hands.
 To make this game more challenging; tell children to use either dominant or non-
dominant hand when rolling the ball.
 This game also involves receptive manipulation and propulsive manipulation.
 Health & Safety: It is important in this game to give plenty of room between each
grid. Make sure to give space to each child as rolling the ball may not be accurate. Do
not give a ball to the child that may be too heavy as this can cause injury to child’s
back.
Child
Basketball/football
Cones
Direction of ball
movement.
15 meters
2 meters
Key/Legend

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Foxes and Squirrels
 This game involves locomotor movement. It has running, dodging and catching in it.
 For the first part of this game 2 foxes are ‘On’. This means these 2 foxes must do their
best catch the squirrels, which are the rest of the children.
 The 2 foxes have a bib each; this is to identify who the foxes are. The squirrels must
stay within the area and dodge and prevent being caught.
 The second part of this game is different to the first part. Instead of running away
from the foxes, you must then do this while dribbling with a basketball. The foxes
must try slap the ball out of the squirrel’s hands.
 This works on agility, co-ordination and awareness for children, as this game is done
with early/middle childhood.
 To make this game more challenging; make children use their less dominant hand
while dribbling the ball.
 This is a practice that is known as retentive manipulation.
 Health & Safety: make sure that when tagging someone only use the hand and do not
elbow or shoulder someone as this will cause injury. When slapping the ball away
from a squirrel’s hand, do this lightly as hitting the ball very hard will cause it to go
anywhere and could get end up hitting another child in the area. It is also important
that children keep their heads up when running with the ball in their hand as running
with their head down will cause children to collide with each other.
Child with
basketball.
Fox trying
to get
basketball.
15 meters
Key/legend

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Mousetrap
 This game is a locomotor movement game that involves running, skipping and
hopping.
 For this game to be effective and fun there should be about 15 children playing.
 Roughly 8 children hold hands in a circle. The other 7 children stand on the outside of
the circle until they hear a call from the teacher.
 If the teacher shouts Open trap the children holding hands must all raise their hands
while also keeping their hands together.
 During this period when the trap is open, all the children standing on the outside who
are the mice, must run into the trap and then run out of it. They must keep running in
and out until they hear a shout from the teacher.
 If the teacher shouts Close trap the children must all drop their hands while still
holding their hands.
 At this stage there will be at least 1 mouse on the inside of the trap. They have then
been caught by the mousetrap and must join the trap and hold hands with someone
else.
 To make this game more challenging; instead of running, make the children hop or
skip.
 Health & Safety: Always make sure to keep head up when running through the
mouse trap. If you enter through one side of the trap make sure to exit through the
opposite side.
Child in
mousetrap.
Child not in
the mousetrap.
Children
holding hands
in mousetrap.
Key/legend
5 meters
5 meters

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Two further activities
Jump the knot
 This game is a locomotor movement game. This game involves one key
fundamental movement skill; jumping.
 For this game split children up into groups of 4. Give each group a long rope with a
knot at the end of each rope.
 One child will stand in the centre with 3 children standing around him. He will hold
the end of the rope that does not have the knot in it.
 The person holding the rope will begin to move the rope, as close to ground level as
possible, in a circular motion so that it is coming in the direction of the 3 children
around him.
 Each child will jump over the rope as it comes towards them.
 To make this game challenging: tell children to jump while keeping their head up and
not focusing on the ground at all times.
 Health & Safety: when swinging the rope it is important not to do this fast, as it will
not work. Do it slowly, so that children have enough time to be able to use their eye-
foot coordination.
Child
Rope with
a knot,
Direction
of
movement
of rope.
Jump Key/legend

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Hopscotch
is hopping.
 To start this game, divide all children into groups of 5.
 Lay out a hopscotch grid on the floor of the gym.
 Demonstrate to each group how to go through the grid.
 Firstly use your right foot going through, the on the second round use your left foot.
 To make this game more challenging; if you step on a line or lose your balance you
must start again. But it is important to remember what number you got to.
 Health & Safety: ensure that there is no fluids on the grids that are laid out. Make
sure all shoe laces are tied.
Cone
Child
Hopscotch
grid.
1
5
4
3
6
7
2
5 meters
10 meters
7
6
5

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References:
Thomas, K., Lee, A. and Thomas, J. (2000). Physical education for children. Champaign, Ill.: Human
Kinetics.
Pages: 119 & 154 of the book.

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Week 4
Learning Outcomes:
 To practice propulsive manipulation through kicking a football.
 To endure agility by running from cone to cone.
 To demonstrate receptive manipulation through catching a basketball.
Equipment Neededfor this Session:
 Cones
 Bibs
 Volleyball
 Basketball
 Football
 Gaelic Ball
 Blankets

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Roller Ball
 Key fundamental movements skills: kicking and rolling.
 This game is a locomotor movement game. There are many different sports that can
be incorporated into this game.
 There should be 2 people standing at each cone and there should be 2 cones in a line
roughly 15 meters apart.
 For the first game the child simply steps up to the cone and rolls the ball to the child
at the cone in front of him/her.
 To make this challenging; tell children to use dominant or less-dominant hand when
rolling the ball.
 Another type of game is kicking the ball to the child in front. Place 2 cones beside
each other so that there is a target to get the ball to.
 To make this more challenging; tell children to use less dominant foot when kicking
the ball.
 This type of action is seen in a soccer match when a player kicks the ball.
 Finally, instead of using a soccer ball, change it to a Gaelic ball.
 Child must use the punt kick; this type of kick is demonstrated in Gaelic match.
 The punt kick is when you kick with the laces on your boot, with you foot angled
towards the floor.
 To make this more challenging; make child use less dominant foot when kicking.
 Health & Safety: give plenty of room between each group when practicing rolling
and kicking.
Rolling
15 meters
Kicking Soccer Ball
Kicking Gaelic Ball

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Child
Cone
Gaelic Ball
Soccer Ball
Roller Ball/Basketball
Spin Relay
 The key fundamental movement skill in this game is running.
 This is a locomotor movement game.
 There will be 5 cones laid out in a zigzag motion. Each child must run from cone to
cone but must do a 360 degree movement around each cone.
 For this first game the children will run through the course as normal.
 The second game will see the children run through the course with a football in their
hands.
 To add a challenge to this course make the children juggle the ball in their hands
when running around the cones.
 The third game is done by using a Gaelic ball. When travelling through the course the
children should try to solo the Gaelic ball.
 To make this more challenging the children should use their less dominant foot when
completing a solo with the ball.
 The fourth game that can be introduced is going through the course while dribbling
with a soccer ball.
 A key teaching point for this movement is touching the ball with the inside and
outside of the foot.
 To add a challenge to this game, make the children sprint to the last cone instead of
jogging.
 When the children have gone though the course they should jog back to the first cone
and hand over the ball or pass the ball to the next person
 Health & Safety: when passing the ball back to the next person, do so gently and do
not pass ball back with force as it could injure or hurt children.
Key/Legend

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Child
Cone
Direction of
movement.
360 degrees
movement around
each cone.
5 meters

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Throwing & Catching
 This game is a non locomotor movement game as it involves throwing and catching.
 It practices both retentive and propulsive manipulation.
 2 children must stand in front of each other roughly 7-8 meters apart.
 They must throw a volleyball with both hands to each other using the over head and
under arm throw.
 To make this more challenging on the children they should use their dominant and
less dominant hand when throwing. Get children to bounce the ball at the halfway
point between them and their partner.
 Another fun game that can be played is using blankets to move the ball.
 2 groups of 4 should be given an area to stay in. In the middle of these 2 groups place
a bench as the half way point.
 The groups of 4 will have a blanket roughly the size of a double bed blanket. They
must hold the corners of the blanket to stretch it out. They must place the ball in the
middle of the blanket and work together to throw the ball from their side to the
opposition’s side.
 The last game that can be played is head tennis using a soccer ball. Keep the area that
was used for the previous game with the blanket. Keep the groups of 4.
 Using the soccer ball, teams must only head the ball into the air to the opposition’s
half. If the ball goes out of bounds or bounces before it gets to its target, then the team
that headed the ball lose a point.
 This type of action is seen in a soccer match. It is known as propulsive manipulation.
 To make this game more difficult and challenging; teams can not set each other up by
heading the ball to a player on their own team and then heading to the opposite team.
Players must head the ball to the opposite team immediately or they will lose a point.

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7/8 meters
Over head and under arm throwing.
10 meters
12 meters
Ball throwing using a blanket.
Head Tennis

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Striking & Fielding
 This game consists of all students in the class.
 It is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skills in this
game are running, jumping, catching and striking.
 The types of manipulation involved in this game are; receptive manipulation, retentive
manipulation and propulsive manipulation.
 In order to play this game we need four different teams, each wearing different colour
bibs. Kids will be split up by colour.
 This game is played on the basketball court and there are two important parts. The
striking area of the court is where the students will strike the ball with their hand
towards the back of the court. One child from each coloured group will be at the
striking zone.
 The open area known as the field will be where the rest of the students must catch the
ball. In this open are there are 4 cones laid out in a square with a hula hoop in the
middle of the square.
 The objective of the game is for the children who are on the open are of the court to
catch the ball when it is struck. They must then pass the ball, by hand, to others
wearing the same colour bib and throw the ball into the hula hoop in the middle of the
square.
 It is the other teams’ objective to stop the ball from getting into the hula hoop.
Child
Football
Bench
Ball
Volleyball
Blanket
Key/Legend

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 While this is all happening the person who struck the ball must run around the other 3
members until the ball has gotten into the hula hoop.
 To make this game more challenging; instead of striking the ball with your hand, the
children must now strike the ball with their feet. Children must also pass the ball to
each other with their feet. They must then pass it into the square using their feet.
 Health & Safety: When striking the ball with either hand or foot, the others waiting
in line must give the child enough room to swing foot or arm. Always keep your head
up while running with the ball.
Hula hoop
Football
Arrow;
direction
of
movement.
Cones
Child on
green
team.
Child on
black
team.
Child on
orange
team.
Child on
purple
team.
Key/legendStriking Area
5 meters
25 meters
15 meters

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Catching a ball
involved in this game are catching and throwing.
 Get all children into pairs and scatter them throughout the MPC.
 Make sure all children are roughly 10ft apart.
 An important teaching point for this game is: pinkies together for low balls and
thumbs together for medium and high balls.
 Children will be using a soft ball. The 3 tasks they must do are as follows: bounce and
catch the ball. Toss and catch the ball. Toss, let it bounce, and catch the ball.
 This will be done between each pair. They must constantly give each other a turn
when they are finished their 3 tasks.
 To make this game challenging: make the kids do this game on different types of
surfaces, e.g. Grass.
 Health & Safety: toss the ball to the other person lightly and do not throw the ball
with force.
Child
Soft ball
Direction
of soft
ball’s
movement.
10 meters
15 meters
Key/legend

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Bounce the hoop
in this game is striking.
 Gather all children in different line and give each child a small volleyball.
 Roughly 5 meters away from each child is a hula hoop.
 The objective if for the child to get the ball to bounce the ball inside the hoop on the
ground.
 The ball must be struck gently and with the child’s arm directing downwards in order
to hit the ball into the hoop.
 The child must then go to the back of the line.
 The next child must take their turn.
 To make this game more difficult: make the children strike the ball using their non-
dominant hand.
 Health & Safety: only when all the children have struck the ball should every child
go and retrieve their ball at once. This prevents bus lanes. It also prevents children
from being hit with the ball on their way back to the line.
Hula hoop
Cone
Child
Volleyball
Arrow:
direction of
movement
of
volleyball.
Key/legend

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References:
Thomas, K., Lee, A. and Thomas, J. (2000). Physical education for children. Champaign, Ill.: Human
Kinetics.
Pages 113 & 146

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Week 5
Physical literacy Skills Development Session 5
‘Theme, Development of Locomotor and Manipulative
activities’
20/10/2014
 To demonstrate receptive manipulation by receiving objects from the ground.
 To practice non-locomotor movements, for e.g. twisting and turning through games.
 Basketball/football
 Soft ball
 Cone
 Beanbag
 Shuttle cock
 Baton
 Hula hoops

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Warm Up:
Waiter (with a ball)
 For this warm up game it involves locomotor movement; running and skipping.
 Each child must line up behind each other and run in a line from one end of the court
to the other.
 They must do this with a ball behind their back.
 The reason they do this is to improve balance and coordination.
 To make this game more challenging; make children hop or skip when running.
 Health & Safety: Children should have plenty of room between each group. Do not
throw ball back to next student waiting in line.
Kangaroo Jump
 This game is a locomotor movement game. Jumping with two feet is involved in it.
 For this game the children must hold the basketball in their two hands while jumping
with their two feet to the cone in front of them.
 When they reach the cone they must turn around and jump back until they reach the
next person in their group. Then, bounce the ball to the next person when roughly 2
meters away him/her.
 Health & Safety: Bounce the ball to the next person gently. Make sure that children
are bouncing the ball and not throwing it to the next person.
Over Under Left Right
 This game is a non locomotor movement game unlike the other warm up games.
 For this game we need a baton, ball and bean bag.
 6 children will line up behind each other. The objective is to reach the end cone and to
come back to where they started.
 When the child receives either the ball, bean bag or baton they must to the following;
ball must go over their head, baton must go to the left or right, the opposite way to
which it was received (if received from the left you must pass to the right), and bean
bag must be passed under the legs.
 When the person at the back receives an object they must travel to the front of the
group, and then pass the item behind them.
 When the group gets to the cone they must all turn around and repeat the process to
get back to the finish line.
 How to make this game more challenging; when travelling to the front of group
children should jump stop and then pass item behind them.
 Health & Safety: when passing an item to the person behind make sure children do
not throw as this will cause injury.

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Waiter (with
a ball)
Kangaroo Jump
Over Under Left Right
25 meters
25 meters
6 meters

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Main Body
Theme
Running, Jumping, Throwing, Dribbling, Dodging
Child
Cone
Child with ball.
Child holding Beanbag.
Child holding Baton.
Arrow: Direction of movement from
children.
Key/legend

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Ball, Beanbag, Cone Retriever
 This game is a locomotor movement game. It mainly incorporates running.
 This game practices retentive manipulation as the aim of the game is to retrieve
items from the middle of the gym hall.
 For this game there should be 6 groups of 3 students. There should be 3 groups at the
top of the court and 3 groups at the bottom of the court, all in line with each other.
 In the middle of the court there will be roughly 30 items. These items include
footballs, cones, shuttle cocks, soft balls and bean bags.
 The aim is for one member of each group to run from there group and retrieve an item
and run back and place it in a hula hoop at their group. Once this member is back the
next member of the group may run out to the middle of the court and retrieve an item.
 As this is a competition each item has a value. The football is worth 5 points, cone 4
points, shuttle cock 3 points, soft ball 2 points, and bean bag 1 point.
 To make this game more challenging; reverse the value of each item, for e.g. football
– 1 point, cone – 2 points etc. This will be a bigger challenge for the children.
 Health & Safety: keep head up when going down to grab items. Do not jump over
items on floor as children will hit their knee off someone’s head!!
Hula Hoop
Child
Direction of
movement
Football
Shuttle Cock
Bean Bag
Soft Ball
Cone
15 meters
25 meters
Key/Legend

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Jump in, out, left, right
 This game practices locomotor movement skills e.g. jumping.
 It is done from middle-late childhood.
 For this game all children hold hands in a circle.
 The teacher stands on the outside of the circle.
 There are 4 calls the teacher can make – jump in, jump out, jump left and jump right.
 When the teacher calls one of these, the group must jump in the direction in which the
teacher calls whilst all holding hands.
 To make this game challenging; the students must do the opposite to what the teacher
calls out, for e.g. if the teacher says ‘jump left’ the students must jump right.
 Health & Safety: For safety reasons do not grip the person’s hand either side of you
too tight, as a sudden pull on the wrist or arm may cause an injury.
Two children holding hands.
Teacher shouting out movements.
Key/Legend
10 meters
10 meters

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Hot Potato
 This is a non locomotor movement game, e.g. twisting and turning.
 To play this game all children must be standing in a circle.
 It is practiced from early-middle childhood.
 Again with this game we need a teacher to stand on the outside of the circle to call
the movements of the ball.
 We use basketballs to pass around the circle. We can have up to 6 basketballs in a
circle of 16 children at any given time.
 To pass the ball from child to child you must use your two hands while continuously
twisting and turning.
 It is important to always pay attention to the ball that is coming in your direction as
basketballs may be moved very fast.
 To make this game more challenging; teacher may call out ‘change direction’. The
balls must travel in the opposite direction.
 Health & Safety: Do not throw the ball to the next person; pass the ball from hand to
hand. Stand arm-width apart from people so that there is enough room to safely pass
ball to next person.
Child
Teacher
Direction of
ball
movement.
Child
holding ball.
10 meters
10 meters

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Soap Box Soccer
 This game is a locomotor movement game as it has running, jumping and kicking
involved in it.
 To play this game safely we can use roughly 12 children.
 Each child must pair off with another child by holding hands with them.
 There will be a team of 6 children (3 pairs) wearing blue bibs and another 6 children
(3 pairs) wearing red bibs.
 The court will be laid out with 2 goals at either end. A keeper will stand in each goals
during the game.
 To play the game the children must kick the ball into the goal they are shooting into.
 But all the time during the game, the children must always be holding hands in their
pairs. They must run around together and kick the ball together.
 To make this game more challenging; teacher should tell kids to use their less-
dominant foot when kicking.
 Health & Safety: only have 3-4 pairs on each team as indoor soap box soccer does
not allow for more than this amount as the area is small. Always keep head up while
running.
2 children from
blue team.
2 children from
red team.
Cone
Football
Teacher
25 meters
15
meters
Key/Legend

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Pirates Basketball
 This game is a locomotor movement game. It is like the previous game except we
must throw a ball in this game compared to the previous.
 For this game we need 2 teams. 6 people must be on each team. The 6 children must
group into pairs of 2.
 The aim of this game is to use a big bouncing ball to hit the back board of the
basketball net.
 How to achieve this; this game must be played similar to basketball. To move with the
ball you must bounce the ball. To throw the ball you must use your hand. Though it is
important to remember that while this is happening the groups of 2 must always be
holding hands.
 Bibs will be used to distinguish the 2 teams.
 When one team hits the back board, they earn 1 point. The teams must reach a score-
line to win.
 To make this game more challenging; teacher should tell children to use their less-
dominant hand when throwing and dribbling the ball.
 Health & Safety: when dribbling with the ball it is important to always keep your
head up to avoid collision.
Back Board
2 players
from the red
team.
Teacher
Big
Bouncing
Ball
2 players
from the blue
team.
Key/legend
28 meters
15 meters

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Duck, Duck, Goose
 This game is a locomotor movement game. It can involve several types of
movements, for e.g. running, hopping.
 This game is practiced with children from early-middle childhood.
 Gather 20 children and get them to sit in a circle in the middle of the floor with an
arms width space between each child.
 1 child must walk around the circle. This child is ‘On’. Doing this, he must place his
hand onto the next persons head and say ‘Duck’ or ‘Goose’.
 If he says ‘Duck’ he then moves onto the next person.
 However, if he says ‘Goose’, the person sitting on the ground must get up and run
after him before he gets back to his seat.
 The aim of this game is for the person who has been nominated as ‘Goose’ to catch
the person who nominated him before he gets back to his seat. If he does not catch the
person he then becomes ‘On’.
 To make this game more challenging; before nominating anyone, the person who is
‘On’ must call out the type of movement that must be done when nominating the
‘Goose’, for e.g. skipping, running, side-to-side, etc.
 Health & Safety: Do not attempt to run backwards around the circle. The children
who are sitting down when should be aware when children are running around them.
Child in
circle.
Child who is
‘On’.
Direction of
movement.
Key/legend
10 meters
10 meters

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Dodge Ball
involved in this game are throwing, running and dodging.
 It is important to have roughly 12 to 14 soft balls.
 There will be two teams of roughly 15 on each team. They will be separated with one
team at one end of the court and another team at the other end of the court.
 When the game starts children are allowed to move wherever they want within their
half of the court.
 Children are allowed to hit the other team with the ball from the knees down. If they
hit an opponent with the ball from the knees up it doesn’t count.
 If a child is hit by the ball they must join the opposition team. The team who captures
all the opposition players win.
 To make this game more challenging: make children use a specific type of throw:
overhead throw. Allow the children to block opposition shots by using a ball in their
own hand.
 Health & Safety: Children must take care when throwing the ball and try not to hit
other children above the knees.
Child
Soft ball
Arrow:
direction
of where
the ball is
travelling.
15 meters
15 meters
Key/legend

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Hit the hoop
are throwing and running.
 To play this game divide all children into groups of 4 and line them all behind each
other at one base line.
 Place 3 hula hoops, one 5 meters away from the children, the other 10 meters away
and then the last one will be 15 meters away.
 The child at the front of the line must use throw a bean bag in each hoop using an
under arm throw.
 If the child gets it into the first hoop its 1 point, if he gets it into the second hoop its 2
points and the third hoop is 3 points.
 Each child must throw one bean bag at a time, collect it and give it to the next team
member. When they all get a throw on the first hoop they all move onto the next
hoop.
 To make this game more challenging on the kids: ask children to use their non-
dominant hand when throwing.
 Health & Safety: take care when passing the bean bag to the next person. Do not
throw the bean bag. Children must hand the bean bag to the next person.
Hula hoop
Child
Bean bag
Cone
Movement
of bean
bag.
5 meters
10 meters
15 meters
Key/legend

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References:
Little Athletics Leader Manual
(Athletics Ireland development team, 2008)
Pages: 72 & 78

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Week 6
‘Developing agility & Balance’
 To demonstrate agility jumping through ladders with either left or right foot.
 To balance using different parts of the body.
 Ladders
 Cones
 Bench
 Hurdles
 Basketball
 Hula hoop

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Warm up:
Jog & list:
 Unlike usual were David takes the warm ups, he nominated a student to take the warm
up today.
 This exercise is a locomotor movement exercise.
 The key fundamental movement skill is jogging/running.
 For this exercise all children must get into groups of two. They must all line up
behind each other parallel to one of the walls in the court.
 They must start jogging, all together, with the teacher beside them.
 The teacher will call out ‘name your favourite films’ or ‘name out your favourite
foods’.
 Going from front to back of the line, each student must shout out an answer so that all
the other students can hear him/her. Students cannot repeat an answer that was already
said.
 The reason why this game is done as an exercise game is because it makes children
think on their feet. Before they even realise it they will have completed 2/3 laps of the
hall. They children will concentrate more on what they are going to say rather than
concentrate on the jogging.
 To make this game more challenging; the teacher can call out ‘change direction’.
This means all children must turn around and run in the opposite way. Also the
teacher can tell the children to skip instead of jog.
 Health & Safety: children should have 1 meter space between each other so that they
don’t trip up anyone in front of them. They also should make sure that all laces on
shoes are tied before jogging.
Child
Teacher
Movement
of
children.
Movement
of teacher.
15 meters
Key/legend
15 meters

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Main Body
Theme
Agility & Balance
Agility & Coordination:
 This game involves using ladders. It is a game that improves agility and coordination.
 All children should start at a cone 1 meter away from the ladder and when completed
moving through the ladder should jog to a cone in front of the ladder roughly 3 meters
away.
 The way that we should teach children to do this is to put one foot into each square of
the ladder at a time.
 It is important when doing this to keep pumping your knees up and down, try to keep
head up when doing this.
 This game is a locomotor movement game.
 To make this game more challenging; instead of the children putting one foot into the
ladders they now have to put 2 feet into each square of the ladder. Tell children to go
slow at first in order to complete this.
 Health & Safety: When starting, children should move at a slower pace as moving
fast can cause feet to get caught and tangled in the ladders.
Cone
Child
Direction of
movement
from child.
Ladder
Key/legend
10 meters
5 meters

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Balance 1:Basic balance challenge activities.
 This activity is a non locomotor activity.
 The key fundamental movement skills involved in this game are twisting, turning,
bending and sliding.
 All of the children in this game should stay in one half of the court.
 They should all get into groups of 3 and come up ideas of balance activities.
 A balance activity can be balancing on one foot, sitting on a bench with 2 feet up and
2 arms out or even doing the superman plank.
 Each group will demonstrate how to do the activity and then the rest of the class will
practice doing the activity.
 To make this game more challenging; tell the children that they must use a bench to
practice balancing activities.
 Health & Safety: when practicing the balancing activities it is important to have
enough room and tell the children to take their time doing them.
Children
practicing
balancing
activities
on their
own.
Children
practicing
balancing
activities
together.
Children
practicing
balancing
activities
with a
bench.
Child
Key/legend
15 meters
15 meters

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Basketball Drop
 This is a locomotor movement activity and a non locomotor movement activity.
 It practices running, skipping, hopping, jumping and side to side (locomotor
movement).
 It also incorporates balancing activities, for example, balancing on one foot and one
arm, doing the superman plank or using 2 people to balance while holding to each
other (non-locomotor movement).
 To play this game all children start running around in the hall. They must only jog and
always keep their head up while jogging.
 While this is happening one child will be standing at the top of the grid and will have
a basketball in his/hand hand.
 When this child bounces the basketball all children running around must stop and
look at the child who bounces the ball.
 This child will demonstrate a balancing activity. Then all the children standing still
will practice this activity for 15 seconds.
 After this a different child will hold the basketball and do a different balance activity.
 To make this game more challenging tell the children running around to hop, skip,
jump, or move from side to side.
 Health & Safety: It is important that all of the children’s laces are tied while running.
When running always keep head up and look for the child with the basketball.
Child
Child
holding
the
basketball.
Direction
of
movement
by
children.
Key/legend
15 meters
15 meters

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Pair Shapes
 This game is a non locomotor movement game.
 All children are required to get into groups of 2.
 To play this game the teacher will put all children into groups of 2.
 The teacher will also call out letters of the alphabet. These children will have to use
their bodies to make these shapes. They can lie on the ground to make their shapes or
they can do the shapes while standing up.
 To make this game more challenging; the teacher can tell the children they must
balance (stand) on a bench while doing the different shapes.
 Health & Safety: Children cannot climb on top of each other make a shape. They
must stay on the ground at all times. Do not attempt to do letters of the alphabet while
balancing on one leg as this will cause a child to possibly fall over.
Child
Children
holding
hands
practicing
a shape.
Key/legend
5 meters
5 meters

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Twists
 This game is a non locomotor movement game.
 The key fundamental movement skills are bending and twisting.
 To play this game roughly 12 children get into a circle and they must all hold hands
together.
 A hula hoop will be placed on a pair of hands that are together.
 The aim of the game is to get the hula hoop to get around each person of the circle
while continuously holding hands.
 Each child must work together to get the hula hoop through everyone’s body.
 Baring in mind this game is for children in middle/late childhood.
 To make this game more challenging; add in 2 more hula hoops to the circle. This will
make children think faster to get the hula hoop through their body much quicker.
 Health & Safety: It is important that any loose clothing is tucked in so that the hula
hoop doesn’t get caught on it. Make sure that the hula hoop is wide enough to fit
around each child.
Two
children
linking
hands.
Hula hoop
Arrows:
direction
of
movement
of hula
hoop.
Key/legend
4/5 meters
4/5 meters

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Two further activities
Towers
 This game is a non-locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement
skills involved in this game are swaying and bending.
 To play this game put all children scattered throughout the MPC. Make sure children
have pliantly of room.
 Tell children to lean and sway in various directions while they are standing on their
two feet.
 It is important to tell children to stand still and lean in different directions, keeping
their feet firmly planted on the ground.
 To make this game more difficult/challenging: tell children to do this with their eyes
closed. Repeat with one foot on the ground also.
 Health & Safety: children stand no closer than 5ft apart in case any child happens to
fall over.
Child
Swaying to the right
5 foot away
from each other
Key/legend

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Human Ball
 This game is a non-locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement
skill is static balance, moving towards dynamic balance.
 To play this game all children must lie on the ground on their backs, and curl into a
ball.
 When told, they must roll to the left, while still curled up into a ball.
 They must then roll to the right, still curled up into a ball.
 Then the can roll forward and backwards, while maintaining balance at all times.
 A key coaching point for this game is to encourage children to achieve a rhythm
without losing balance.
 To make this game more challenging: tell children to try achieve multi-directional
rolling.
 Health & Safety: make sure children are arranged in an order that each child has
plenty of space.
Child
rolling
to the
right.
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

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Reference:
Pages: 47 & 48

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Week 7
Part A ‘Developing Coordination’
Part B ‘Developing Cooperation’.
 To introduce cooperation through skipping ropes.
 To introduce coordination through play.
 Cones
 Basketballs
 Hula hoops
 Chairs
 Skipping ropes

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Warm up
Relay Activities:
 This exercise is a locomotor movement exercise.
 The key fundamental movement skill is jogging/running.
 For this exercise students will get into groups of 4 along the end line, behind the cone.
 They will jog out to the cone in front of them and then jog back.
 They will have a cone in their hand to pass to the next person who is running. The
reason they will have a cone is to prevent anyone from running too early.
 A good way to make this activity more challenging is to place a set of ladders in each
group. The ladders should be located in centre of the hall. Each child shall put one
foot in each square of the ladder.
 Health & Safety: it is important to make sure all laces are tied. Also make sure that
each group has about 2 meters space between the next group.
Cone
Child
Direction
of
movement.
Ladder
Key / legend
25 meters
15 meters

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Main Body
Hop to the rhythm:
 This game is locomotor movement game.
 The key fundamental movement skills involved in this game are hopping, skipping
and jogging.
 In order to play this game all children must be within the square, laid out by the
cones. Children are free to move in any direction they wish.
 At the side of the square the teacher will be standing with music playing on a stereo
system. The music will have beats to the songs.
 The children must listen for this beat, and then dance to the beat. They must hop on
one foot, both feet or skip to coordinate their feet with the beat of the music.
 At this point they are then essentially ‘hopping to the beat’.
 The music can be turned off for several seconds to give children a rest from hopping.
 To make this game more challenging the teacher can choose a song that has a beat
that is harder to dance to, or the teacher can keep the song on for extra time to make
the children hop for longer.
 Health & Safety: it is important to make sure that all children’s shoe laces are tied.
Telling children to keep their head up while hopping to the beat of the music is
important as keeping their head down will cause them to bump into someone and
cause an injury/accident.
Teacher
Stereo
System
Cone
Children
moving
in a
direction.
Key / legend
10 meters
10 meters

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Bounce a ball to rhythm of music
 This game is a non-locomotor movement game.
 The key fundamental movement skill is bending.
 All children should be given a ball and told to get into a circle.
 The teacher will play music that has a beat to the songs.
 It is important that the teacher tells the children to listen out for the beat in the
background of the song.
 Tell all the children to get down on their knees/crouch to make the game easier for
them. It is easier to bounce the ball very fast when on your knees.
 To make this game more challenging on the children: the teacher should tell the
children to use their less-dominant hand, or play a song that has a faster beat.
 Health & Safety: it is important when children are crouching or kneeling that they
keep their body straight and do not bow their head towards the ground as the ball may
come back up and hit them in the face.
Child
bouncing
ball.
Teacher
Stereo
system
Key/legend
10 meters
10 meters

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Modified Musical Chairs
 This is a locomotor movement activity.
 The key fundamental movement skills are running, jumping, hopping and skipping.
 To start this game off the teacher will be standing beside the stereo system playing
music.
 In the square there will be hula hoops laid out around the court.
 When the music starts playing the children will have to jump to the beat of the music
by running, hopping, skipping or jumping.
 But when the music stops the children must run to the nearest hula hoop and place 1
foot into it.
 As the game goes on it is important that the teacher takes away 1 or 2 hops at a time.
 For this game DO NOT eliminate children if they do not succeed to put their foot in
the hula hoop.
 To make this game more challenging: increase the speed of the music to allow more
beats per minute. Make children hold a ball while doing this exercise, it may cause
them to focus on holding the ball, while making it more challenging or them.
 Health & Safety: for this game tell children NOT to shove people out of the way
when they go to place their foot in the hoop.
Child
Teacher
Stereo
system
Hula hoop
Key/legend
10 meters
8 meters

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Ball Balance
 This activity is a locomotor movement activity.
 The key fundamental movement is walking.
 This game involves all children to get into groups of 2 and to get a basketball between
each group.
 All children will be lined up behind cones.
 They must balance the ball, by using their two bodies, and walk up to the cone in
front of them and walk back while still balancing the ball using their bodies.
 Children cannot use their hands to hold the ball up.
 An example of how to do this is by two children standing back to back and putting the
ball between them. They must walk up to the cone and then walk back without letting
the ball drop on the ground.
 To make this game more challenging: the teacher can introduce a ball that is much
smaller than a basketball which will be harder to balance between two children.
 Health & Safety: I would advise all children to remove loose clothing, i.e. an open
zipped jumper. Always be aware if there is anyone behind you on the way back.
Child
Cone
Two
children
balancing
ball
between
their
bodies.
Arrow:
direction
of child’s
movement.
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

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Over, Under, Left, Right
 This game is a non-locomotor movement game.
 The key fundamental movement skills are twisting, turning, bending and stretching.
 All children should be yet again in pairs. They will use a ball for this exercise again,
or a bean bag, whichever suits.
 They will all stand back to back with each other.
 The ball or bean bag must start off by being passed over the head. It then goes back
under the legs, to the child who started. Then it goes to the left, around the child’s
body, in which he will then pass it to the right.
 The cycle is then completed. It must be continuously repeated.
 To make this game more challenging: Tell the children that they must do the cycle in
the opposite direction; start with right, then left, then under and then over.
 Health & Safety: Make sure that children are communicating and don’t turn around
in the same direction and bump heads off each other.
Two children passing over a
beanbag.
Beanbag
Over Under
RightLeft
Key/legend

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Remote Controlled Cars
 The only key fundamental movement skills involved in this game are walking and
turning.
 To start this game off pair all children in groups of 2. Label each child either A or B.
 There is going to be square marked out by cones. All the people labelled as B must
stay outside of this square at all times.
 All the children labelled as A must stay inside the square.
 All the children labelled as B must stay outside of this square.
 The children inside the square must close their eyes and place there hands forward, in
front of them, parallel to the ground.
 But the children labelled as B have a job to do. They must control the movements of
their pair. They must communicate by talking to them from outside the square.
 The types of calls they would use are, ‘walk forward, left or right, move slowly’ etc.
 To add a progression to this game: the child labelled as A, they must stay on the
marked lines on the ground of the MPC. These lines are here for a basketball court,
tennis and volley ball court. But in this scenario the child labelled as B must walk
beside them and make sure that they stay on the marked lines of the MPC.
 Health & Safety: It is very important that children inside the square do not run, or
move quickly as this can cause an accident. The children outside the square must keep
telling the children to keep their hands up and must shout load enough so that their
pair can hear them.
Child A
Child B
Commun-
Iation
between
child B to
child A.
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

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Skipping
 This game involves the fundamental movement skill: jumping.
 It is a locomotor movement skill.
 First for this game it is important to split the group up into groups of 3/4 and practice
skipping in smaller numbers.
 Then it is important to split the group into half and then try and get then to practice
skipping with a rope big enough for them.
 It is important that when moving into the skipping that involves the whole group of 20
children that they all have gotten to understand their timing of jumping.
 It is also important that the key teaching points for this are known:
 Telling children to get into a rhythm is important.
 As a teacher it is important in my opinion to put the better jumpers on the outside of
the group.
 The 2 people who are swinging the rope should call out when to jump, so that the
children jump in unicen.
 To make this game more challenging: teacher can tell the group to change the
direction with the rope. Only change direction when the group are after being
unsuccessful in their previous jump.
 Health & Safety: When all children are jumping make sure that children are not on
top of each other and have enough room as children can push each other or trip up
each other.
Child underneath the rope.
Child standing on a chair swinging
the rope.
Rope
Key/legend
20 meters

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Air Planes
 The key fundamental movement skills for this game are bending, and walking.
 Therefore this game is both a locomotor and a non-locomotor movement skills
game.
 This game should be played with children in 6th class only.
 Get all children into groups of 5 and place them in a row behind cones.
 4 children must pick the 5th child. 2 children pick up the child from the arms, they
must place one of their hands in his/her armpit and another hand on this arm to hold
him up.
 The 2 other children must pick up the child from the legs.
 The must all walk up to the cone in front of them, go around the cone and then come
back.
 It can be made into a relay race also, by placing 2 groups of 5 at each cone, when the
first group comes back the second group must go. First team with 2 groups back wins.
 To make this game more challenging: Put a blindfold on the 2 children holding the 5th
child at the FRONT. Therefore the 2 children at the back must direct the 2 children at
the front by telling them to stop and turn. This makes children cooperate and
coordinate.
 Health & Safety: When placing the child down make sure to place him down gently
(DO NOT drop the child on the ground) so that he/she can put his hands on the
ground and be able to get up easily.
Cone
Arrow:
Driection of
movement of
the group of
5.
5th child
The group of
5 working
together.
10 meters
10 meters

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Two additional activities:
Snake Relay
 This game is both non-locomotor movement and a locomotor movement game.
 The key fundamental movement skills in this game are bending and running.
 To play this game all children should be divided into groups of 5.
 All groups will start at one end of the MPC. The person at the front of the group will
start with a light football.
 This person will pass the ball with their hands under their legs to the person behind
them.
 The person behind them will use their two hands and grab the ball while bending
down. They will then do the same as the first person.
 When the ball gets the person at the back of the group this person will run with the
ball in their hands to the front of the group. They will become the front person and
pass the ball through their legs to the next person.
 The first team to the top of the gym wins.
 To make this game more challenging on the children, tell the children to vary their
type of passes; overhead, rotate upper body to the left/right. Also if the ball is dropped
the whole team must start at the beginning again.
 Health & Safety: when bending down to give ball to the person behind you, ensure
there is enough room to do so and not end up bumping your head off the person in
front of you.
Cone
Child
Light
football
Movement
of child.
Movement
of group.
Key/legend

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Pass through ladders
in this game throwing catching and coordination.
 To set this game up place two ladders on the ground parallel to each other about five
meters apart. Divide all children in groups behind the ladders.
 The children must move sideward through the ladders while throwing the ball to one
another.
 The important teaching points in this game are: use two handed push throw and
move one step at a time and when throwing the ball stand still.
 To make this game more challenging increase the distance between the ladders. Hop
on one foot through the ladders.
 Health & Safety: make sure that the ladders are secured properly on the floor of the
MPC. Also, take care when throwing the ball.
Cone
Child
Light
football
Movement
of
ball/child.
Ladder
Key/legend

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References:
Pages: 75 & 83

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Week 8
‘Developing a championship obstacle course’
Learning outcomes:
 To demonstrate balancing by walking on a bench with a bean bag on your head.
 To use agility to hop over 3 hurdles.
 To be able to use hand eye coordination to catch a hula hoop.
Equipment needed for this Session:
 Cones
 Bean bags
 Ladders
 Bench
 Hurdles
 Hula hoops (different sizes)
 Balls
 Tunnel
Main Body

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Theme
Running, Jumping, Throwing, Dribbling, Dodging
The aim if today’s session was to create an obstacle course that had the following in it:
 Locomotor movement
 Agility
 Balance
 Coordination
 Propulsive manipulation
From these instructions we had to create a course that was suitable for 6 year olds.
My obstacle course:
 This obstacle course is a locomotor movement course that consists of many key
fundamental movement skills,for example; running crawling, hopping, jumping and
crouching.
 My obstacle course consisted of 8 different segments. The different sections of the course
started with the easiest things a 6 year old could perform.
 It then moved from easy to hard. The last few sections were the toughest to complete for a 6
year old.
 It started off with jogging from cone to cone, the moving to the ladders (one foot in each),
then to jogging across a bench,then hopping over 3 hurdles (using 2 feet),then to doing the
ladders sideward’s, then to putting the hula hoops over your body, then to balancing a bean
bag on your head while walking over a bench and finally to hopping into hoops while
throwing a ball at the same time.
 This can be made more challenging:tell children not to look down when doing the ladders.
 To make it easier:allow children to look down while going through the ladders.
 Health & Safety: Make sure that the hurdles are facing in the correct position.
Agility
Coordination
Obstacle course no. 1

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In the session there was another obstacle course that was created.
 This obstacle course was a locomotor movement course.The key fundamental movement
skills involved in this course was hopping, running, jumping, throwing and crawling.
 This course had 5 different stations.
 The first station was a ladder. Students had to place 1 foot in each ladder.
 The second station was a bench. Students had to run on the bench, maintain their balance.
 The third station was hula hoops. Students had to place two feet into each hoop while
jumping.
 The fourth station was throwing. Students had to throw bean bags into a hula hoop;
demonstrating propulsive manipulation.
 The last station was a tunnel. Students had to crawlthrough this station.
 A simple way to make this game more challenging on the children is to make them roll a ball
through the tunnel and then crawlthrough the tunnel after it, finally collecting the ball when
they have come out of the tunnel.
 Health & Safety: When running over the bench take care. Do not attempt to sprint when on
the bench.
Bench
Different size hula hoops
Hurdle
Cone
Ladder
Arrow: child’s direction of movement.
Bean bags
Child
Key/legend
Obstacle course no. 2

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Child
Arrow: movement of
child/beanbag.
Hula hoop
Cone
Bench
Tunnel
Bean bag
Ladder
In this session there was a third, and final obstacle course that was created.
 This course was a locomotor movement course.The key fundamental movement skills
were,running, hopping, throwing and crawling.
 The first part of this course was running from come to cone in a sideward’s motion. This
worked on student’s agility.
 The second part of the course was running over a bench. This worked on balance.
 The third part of the course was running though a ladder. This demonstrated student’s
coordination skills.
 The fourth part was jumping with two feet through hula hoops. This is an agility exercise.
 The fifth stage was throwing a bean bag from one cone to another cone. This is practicing
propulsive manipulation.
 The last part was simply rolling a ball through a tunnel and the student had to run around the
tunnel and collect the ball on the other side.
 To make this obstacle course more challenging the course could have been set out in a
different order. It should have been set out in a ‘slope the rope’ formation. For example the
ladder and throwing the bean bag could have been towards the start of the course.
 Health & Safety: when jumping on and off the bench take care. Keep concentrated.Obstacle course no.3
Key/legend

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Child
Hula hoop
from child/bean bag/ball
Bench
Cone
Soft ball
Tunnel
Bean bags
Ladder
Key/legend

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One additional obstacle course
 This additional obstacle course is a locomotor movement course.
 They key fundamental movement skills in this course are skipping, jumping, galloping
hopping and sliding.
 The first thing to do with this course is demonstrate the course. It is important to tell the
children where they will be jumping, skipping, galloping and sliding.
 Have the children begin the course at safe intervals so that all children are rotating through it.
Make sure there are no bus queues.
 The first stage starts off with the children skipping between 5 cones.
 The second stage has the children jumping through hula hoops.
 The third stage has the children galloping in a straight line.
 Then the fourth part of the course will see the children hop over 4 hurdles.
 Finally the children will end with sliding from one line to the other.
 To make this game more challenging; add a variation, make the children slide at the point
where they were galloping and vice versa.
 Health & Safety: when the children are sliding at the end make sure there are no walls near
this area. This is just a precaution, in case a child slides too far and hits a wall.
Jump
Skip
Gallop
Hop
Slide

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Arrows: direction of
movement of children.
Cone
Hula hoop
Hurdle
References:
Thomas, K, Lee,A. and Thomas, J. (2000). Physical education for children. Champaign, Ill.: Human
Kinetics.
Page:162 & 163
Key/legend

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Logbook week 9
Practical Exams
1/12/2014
Group 1 – Vasyl, Barry.L, Eoghan - Locomotor movements
Group 2 – Alicia, Allanah, Ryan.C – Dribbling
Group 3 – Patrick, Colin, Sophie –Agility & Balance
Equipment needed for these sessions:
 Cones
 Bibs
 Bean bags
 Hula hoops
In this logbook I will use the term ‘children’ instead of ‘students’. The term children will
represent the students who took park in the session.
I used the term ‘students’ for the people who were running the sessions.

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Group 1
 The topic that this group were working on was locomotor movements.
 The key fundamental movement skills in their activities were running, hopping and
skipping.
Warm up
 The warm up consisted of two laps of the MPC. All students were grouped into pairs
and had to run around the hall.
 After this they did 1 minute of stretches.
 One of the students who were taking this session ran around with the students to
dictate their pace in the warm up.
Child
Direction
of
movement
from
child.
 To make this game more challenging: the students running the session could of added
several calls into the warm up. They could have told the students to change direction.
They could have made them shout of their favourite food.
 Health & Safety: I noticed in the video that there were goal posts in the corner of the
hall that students had to run around. This is a health and safety hazard.
Key/legend
25 meters
15 meters

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Main Body
Ship Sea Shore
 This is a locomotor movement activity. The key fundamental movement skill in
this game is running.
 The students set out different lines of cones; a red, white and yellow line.
 The white line was called ‘Ship’.
 The yellow line was called ’Sea’.
 The red line was called ‘Shore’.
 All children started on the line called ‘Ship’.
 The student’s task was to call out ship, sea or shore.
 The children then had to run to whatever the student called out.
 The student’s added a variation to this game. Instead of ship sea and shore they used
bananas oranges and apples. This made the game more challenging for the children.
 Health & Safety: Students should make sure that there are no spillages on the ground
during this activity.
Child
Cone
Movement
of child.
8 meters
8 meters
Ship Sea Shore
Key/legend

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Flush the toilet
 The key fundamental movement skills in this game are running and hopping.
 To start this game two children were on. They were given a bib to put on.
 All the other children had to avoid being tagged by the two children who were on.
 If a child got tagged they must keel on two knees and raise their right hand parallel to
the ground.
 The only way to be released from this position is if another child came up to them and
pushed their right hand down towards the ground.
 In this case the child can get up and be free to run around again.
 The students made a variation to the game. They increased the size of the area to
make it more of a challenge on the two children who was on.
 Health & Safety: When tagging a child do not push or shove them. It is important to
just place your hand on the child when tagging them.
Child who is NOT
on.
Child who is ON.
Movement from
the children who
are ON.
Childonthe ground
beingreleased.
Key/legend

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Bean bag retriever
 The key fundamental movement skills in this game are running and speed.
 All children are split up into 4 different groups/teams. Each group is set up within a
square.
 Each team stands behind an empty hula hoop.
 Each group has their own hula hoop in the centre of the floor. Children from each
group must run up, one at a time, to retrieve ONE bean bag from the hula hoop.
 They must place this bean bag in their own hula hoop.
 When this child gets back to their group then the next child must go and do the same.
 Each child can only take ONE bean bag at a time.
 When all the bags are gone in the centre of the square members from each group can
take bean bags from the group ONLY on their right hand side.
 The same rules apply again; only one child can go at a time and only one bean bag
can be retrieved at a time.
 The team with the most bean bags at the end of the designated time wins!
 To make this game more challenging on the children students should allow the
children to run to their right or left to retrieve a bean bag. This makes children more
aware of which team has the most bean bags.
 Health & Safety: From my own experience, take care when running into the centre of
the square. Even though each group has their own hula hoop in this game, it is
important to make sure that no children are sprinting into the centre of the square as
children can bump heads off each other if they are not keeping their head up.
Child
Bean bag
Hula hoop
Direction
of
movement
from
teams.
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

of 119
Relay activities
 This is a locomotor movement activity. The one key fundamental movement skill
is running.
 To play this game all the children were split up into 2 groups. Each group was
standing across from each other.
 To first child has to stand up to the second cone in front of him and run up to the line
in front of him.
 He then turns and runs to the baseline. Then he turns back and runs towards the child
in front of him who has stepped out to the second cone.
 The bean bag is passed to the child and then the child who has received the bean bag
does exactly what the first child done.
 The child who has just done the activity sits down.
 The team with all the children sitting down first wins!
 A variation on this game is to make the area bigger.
 Health & Safety: When passing the bean bag over make sure that the person waiting
had their hand behind then with their palm facing towards the ceiling. Do not throw
the bean bag at the person in front.
Child
Cone
Bean bag
Direction
of
movement
from
children.
8 meters
10 meters
meters
Key/legend

of 119
Group 2
 The topic that this group were given was dribbling.
 The key fundamental movement skills that were involved in their activities were
running, dribbling and bending.
Dribbling with a soft ball
 This is a locomotor movement game. The key fundamental movement skill that is
 To play this game all children were split up into 3 different groups and each group
had 1 ball between them.
 Children had to dribble using their dominant foot up to the cone and come back and
pass the ball to the next person.
 The students added variations to this game.
 They added cones to the line we were dribbling on. We then had to start dribbling in
and out of each cone (on the way up and back) and pass the ball to the next person.
 A key teaching point for this game is to tell the children to use the inside and outside
of their foot.
 To make this game challenging we had to use our less-dominant foot.
 Health & Safety: Ensure that the cones are separated evenly as children may trip up
if the cones are too clustered.
Child
Soft ball
Cone
Movement
of child &
ball.
7 meters
5 meters
Key/legend

of 119
Bum Ball
 The two key fundamental movement skills involved in this game are running and
bending.
 To play this game all children are given a ball. They must dribble a ball around the
square until they hear a call.
 The types of calls that were given were; right hand, left hand, head ball, and bum ball.
 If any of these calls were given then the children must put this part of their body on
the ball.
 If they shouted right hand then the child has to bend over and place their right hand on
the ball.
 If they call bum ball then the children must sit of the ball.
 A variation that was added to this game was ear ball.
 To make this game more challenging they could have said opposites. So if the student
shouted right hand then the child had to place his left hand on the ball.
 Health & Safety: Use a soft ball for this game as using a hard ball may result in a
child hurting themselves.
Child
Soft ball
Cone
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

of 119
King of the ring
involved in this game is dribbling.
 To play this game all children were given a soft ball.
 The aim of the game was to keep your ball within the square.
 Children had to protect their ball while trying to knock other children’s ball out of the
square.
 The child who was in the square last won the game.
 There was no variation used for this game, but a challenge that I would have added
would have been to use your non-dominant foot when kicking other children’s ball
out of the grid.
 Health & Safety: When protecting your ball do not place hands on other children,
just use your body to protect you. This is important because using your hands could
end up with a child hitting another child in the face leading to an eye injury for
example.















Child
protecting
their ball.
Soft ball.
Cone
10 meters
10 meters
Key/legend

of 119
Group 3
 The topic that this group were given was Agility and Balance.
 The key fundamental movement skills that were in this session were running,
hopping, skipping and walking.
Bunny Hopping
 The key fundamental movement skills in this game were running and hopping.
 All children were split up into 2 groups.
 Each group was lined up behind a cone.
 Each child had to run out and hop through the ladder firstly, with two feet together.
 After a short time a variation that was added was that children had to hop with 1 foot
through the ladder. Then on their next time around they had to change foot.
 The next child could go when the first child came back and tagged them on the hand.
 A challenge that this group set for the children was to try their best to keep their head
up when moving through the ladders.
 So one of the students held up their hand and each child had to see how many fingers
were being held up. This was an incentive to see how many children could keep their
head up when hopping through the ladders.
 Health & Safety: Tell each child to move as slowly as they want when going through
the ladders as moving too fast can cause the child to trip over themselves.
Cone
Child
Ladder
Movement
of
children.
10 meters
5 meters
Key/legend

of 119
Bean bag balance
 This is a locomotor movement activity. The key fundamental movement skill in
this game is walking.
 The ain of this game is to balance a bean bag on your head.
 All children are given a bean bag that they must place on their head. This will make
children keep their head up as if they drop their head the bean bag will drop to the
floor.
 The students call out a colour line to walk on, for example the colour lines that one
student was calling was the white and black lines. All children must walk slowly on
this line while balancing a bean bag on their head.
 A variation that was added to this game was for children to stop where they were and
then balance on one leg.
 The types of challenges that were added to this game were walking backwards,
squatting and doing a flamingo pose.
 Health & Safety: Have students spread out over a big distance and not cramped
together and children may walk into each other, especially when walking backwards.
Child
balancing
bean bag
on his
head.
Blue line
Green
line.
Black
line.
Key/legend

of 119
Relay
 This relay is a locomotor movement relay.
 The key fundamental movement skills in this relay are running, walking, hopping
and skipping.
 This relay activity is focusing on agility and balance.
 It starts off with slalom running, using two feet run from cone to cone.
 Then the children must bunny hop using two feet through the ladders.
 Then each child must pick up a bean bag and walk 3 meters with the bean bag on their
head and then place the bean bag on the ground.
 Finally the children must skip back to their starting position.
 A variation that was used during the relay was to put 1 foot in each ladder, instead of
bunny hopping.
 A challenge that I would have used in this game would have been to practice other
balancing activities instead of skipping on the way back as there was only one
balancing activity in the relay.
 Health & Safety: It is important to move through the ladders carefully as attempting
to move as fast as possible will result in a child tripping over the ladders. It isn’t about
speed it is about technique.
Cone
Child
Bean bag
Ladder
Skip
Ladder
Balance
Slalom
run
Key/legend

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