1. FORCES OF CHANGE 3.5 understand that common physical, biological, and cultural characteristics create regions. 3.6 understand how physical processes shape Earth’s natural landscapes and affect environments. 3.7 understand how physical systems and environments affect human systems. 3.8 understand how human systems modify the physical environment.

2. THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core Solid, rocky Jello-like, magma Liquid, Very Hot Solid, iron and nickel, and the hottest

3. THE CRUST IS BROKEN UP INTO TECTONIC PLATES

4. THESE TECTONIC PLATES HAVE NAMES

5. CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY STATES THAT THESE PLATES MOVE! The continents were once a supercontinent called Pangaea

6. BUT WHY DO THESE PLATES MOVE! CONVECTION IN THE MANTLE! Convection Warm magma rises and cools Cooler magma sinks and heats

7. PLATES MOVE IN 3 GENERAL WAYS Away from each other Towards each other Rubbing against each other

8. THESE PLATE MOVEMENTS CREATE A VARIETY OF LANDFORMS! Volcanoes Islands Mountains

9. ONE REGION HAS MORE PLATE ACTIVITY THEN ANY OTHER PLACE ON EARTH!

10. PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US EARTHQUAKES ARE SUDDEN VIOLENT MOVEMENTS

11. PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US VOLCANOES ARE HOLES IN EARTH’S CRUST WHERE MAGMA ERUPTS OR FLOWS!

12. PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US TSUNAMIS ARE HUGE TIDAL WAVES CAUSED BY UNDERWATER EARTHQUAKES