3. Select a head coil
To immobilize patients
head make use of pads
Earplugs for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine head
first into scanner
4.
5.
6. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
NOSE
7. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
8. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be
the front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be
at the back of the
image.
The right side of the
image will be the
technologist left
side.
The left side will be
the technologist
EYES
9.
10. • The three membranes called meninges protect the
brain.
11. MS AIDS
MS or Multiple
Sclerosis lesions
AIDS or toxoplasmosis
Infections
Meningitis
14. Epidural hematoma
Subdural hematoma
• Intracranial pressure from
tumors or edema can result in
tissue protruding through the
tentorial notch.
• Skull fractures can result in
blood accumulating in the dura
and the cranium and blood
vessels rupturing in the
subdural space
16. TIA ( Transient Ischemic
Attack, stroke (old and
new) last for less than
24 hours and is milder
Syncope
CVA (Cerebral Vascular
Accident) last for more
than 24 hours and
causes more damage.
AMS (Altered Mental
Status)
29. • Largest part of the brain
• Functions include thought and
action.
• Divided into four lobes
• Gray Matter involves muscle
control, and sensory perception
such as seeing and hearing,
memory, emotions, speech,
decision making, and self-control.
• White Matter is responsible for
relaying and arranging
communication between various
brain areas.
36. Houses these structures:
• Thalamus regulates
sleep and alertness.
• Hypothalamus
regulates body
temperature
• Pituitary Gland is the
“master gland”
because it controls
how other glands
function by means of
its hormones.
• Epithalamus regulates
• Links the nervous
system to the
endocrine system
through the pituitary
gland.
40. Midbrain
Pon
s
Medulla
Spinal
Cord
Midbrain
Located above the pons
Made up of many nerve fibers
whose job is for hearing, vision,
pain relief and movement.
Pons
Responsible for relaying
messages and plays a key role
in sleeping.
Medulla
Relays information from the
brain to the spinal cord.
Needed for breathing, regulating
heart rate or swallowing.
44. • Arteries: aneurysms and
strokes are common in this
vessel as it is weak.
• Veins: have no valves and
blood can flow in any direction
even allowing blood borne
pathogens to come from the
body to the head.
• Capillaries:
• Certain abnormal conditions
disrupt the brain barrier
allowing for contrast to escape
the vessels entering the
tissues.
52. Dural sinuses are large
veins located within the dura
mater and house structures
as:
• Internal jugular veins
• Superior/inferior sagittal
sinus
• Straight sinus
• Transverse sinus
• Sigmoid sinus
• Cavernous sinus
53. • Letter A has an
arrow pointing
toward the missing
transverse sinus.
Letter B shows the
transversus sinus
present.
• Thrombosis or
blood clot is an
indication.
54.
55. Arise from the brain not the spine.
• 1st – smell, coronal best represents
• 2nd- visual sharpness
• 3rd , 4th, 6th – pupil and lip movement
• 5th – corneal reflex, facial sensation
• 7th – facial weakness
• 8th – hearing and balance
• 9th – taste and salivation
• 10th – regulates bodies unconscious
behaviors
• 11th – elevate shoulders and turn head
• 12th – tongue movement
59. Select a spine coil
To immobilize patient make use of table
straps & pads
Earplugs/muffs for ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine head first into scanner
Center lights midline and horizontal light at
the level of the hyoid bone (c-spine), 4th
vertebrae (t-spine) & 3rd lumbar vertebrae.
Cervical &
Thoracic
Landmark
Lumbar
Landmark
60.
61.
62. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
Vertebra
63. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
64. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will be
the technologist
right side.
Vertebra
72. • 33 vertebrae
• Provides stability to the body
by distributing the bodies
weight with the help of the
kyphotic and lordotic curves.
FUNCTIONS:
• Protection
• Point of attachment
• Support
• Flexibility and mobility
• Red blood cell production
and mineral storage
75. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture
• Degenerative disease
• Radiculopathy
• Fusion Post op follow up
• Herniation
• Syrinx
• Arm, finger and shoulder
pain
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• MS or multiple Sclerosis
• Inflammation of disc
79. Without:
• Pain
• Vertebrolasty and/or
fracture no history of
cancer
• Degenerative disease
• Radiculopathy
• Herniation
• Trauma
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass, cancer
• MS
• Syrinx
• Vertebrolasty and/or fracture when
there is a history of cancer
• AVM (arteriovenous malformation)
• Rule out mets
• MS or multiple Sclerosis
• Inflammation of disc
82. Without:
• Pain
• Vertebrolasty and/or
fracture no history of
cancer
• Degenerative disease
• Radiculopathy
• Fusion Post op follow up
• Herniation
• Sciatica
• Trauma
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Rule out
• Syrinx
• Vertebrolasty and/or fracture when
there is a history of cancer
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• MS or multiple Sclerosis
• Inflammation of disc
83.
84. Without:
• Pain
• Vertebrolasty and/or
fracture no history of
cancer
• Degenerative disease
• Radiculopathy
• Fusion Post op follow up
• Herniation
• Sciatica
• Trauma
With:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Rule out
• Syrinx
• Vertebrolasty and/or fracture when
there is a history of cancer
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• MS or multiple Sclerosis
• Inflammation of disc
40-50% of MRI make use of contrast so it is extremely
important to assess each patients potential risk.
85. • Provide mobility because
they connect the
vertebrae to the cranium
• Protect the head and
neck
• In MRI ligaments appear
as thin black stripes or
signal void.
• No specific pulse
sequence is best to use
PSOAS
86. Protected by cerebrospinal fluid
forming the spinal meninges.
3 layers:
• Dura
• Arachnoid
• Pia
3 Groups:
• Superficial
Layer
• Intermediate
Layer
• Deep Layer
87. Nerves
Gray matter contains
the nerves and runs
down the complete
spinal cord
Video link: https://youtu.be/DtFO3DCvcqY
88. • Basically are nerves
• Cervical enlargement comes off of
C3-C7
• Lumbosacral enlargement comes off
the lower thoracic area.
• Function as the motor and sensory
unit of the muscles and skin in the
extremities.
90. • Screening/pain
• Headaches
• Trauma/MVA
• MS
• Not routinely
given for brachial
plexus
No Contrast Contrast :
• Tumor
• Infection
• History of cancer
• Post surgery
• Brachial plexus for
mass/tumor only
MVA is motor vehicle accident
MS is multiple Sclerosis
91. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of
body weight
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and
the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
92.
93.
94. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
95. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
96. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
103. • Carries the weight of your
body while standing.
• Acetabular labrum and
ligaments holds the femur
in place
• The strongest and longest
bone of the body
• Bursae reduce friction in
the areas they are located
• Commonly called SI
Joint
• Comprised of the distal
femur and proximal tibia
and fibula
• Largest joint in the body
104. • Tibia is a large bone that makes up the knee
and ankle
• Provides support for the body
• The fibula is the long, thin and
lateral bone of the lower leg. It runs
parallel to the tibia, or shin bone, and plays
a significant role in stabilizing the ankle and
supporting the muscles of the lower leg
Contains 7 tarsal bones
• Calcaneus
• talus
• cuboid
• navicular
• the medial, middle, and
lateral cuneiforms
• Contains 5 metatarsal bones and
14 phalanges
• Calcaneus is the largest tarsal
bone that distributes weight
throughout the foot
• Femoral=femur
• Popliteal=runs down from
the femoral over the knee
• Tibial artery=tibia
105. Select body coil
To immobilize patients make use of
straps and pads. Point toes toward
one another and use strap to hold
them in position
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine feet first into
scanner
Arm across chest
Center light with cross hairs going
106. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress
Fracture
• AVN or Avascular
Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
110. Select body coil
To immobilize patients make use of
straps and pads. Point toes toward
one another and use strap to hold
them in position
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine feet first into
scanner
Arm across chest
Center light with cross hairs going
111. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
114. Select body coil
To immobilize patients make use of
straps and pads. Point toes
toward one another and use strap
to hold them in position
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine feet first into
scanner
Arm across chest
Center light with cross hairs going
115. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
117. Select body coil
To immobilize patients
make use of straps and
pads.
Earplugs or headphones
for ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine feet first
into scanner
Center light with cross
118. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
121. Select knee or flex coil
To immobilize patients
make use of straps
and pads.
Earplugs or
headphones for ear
protection are
necessary
Patient is supine feet
first into scanner
Center light with cross
hairs going through
122. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
126. Select ankle/foot, knee or flex coil
To immobilize patients make use
of straps and pads.
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine feet first into
scanner
Center light with cross hairs at mid
section of tarsal bone
127. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
131. Select foot/ankle or flex coil
To immobilize patients make use
of straps and pads.
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine feet first into
scanner
Center light with cross hairs going
through the mid section of
metatarsal bones.
132. Without:
• Pain
• Fracture/Stress Fracture
• AVN or Avascular Necrosis
• Arthritis
• Tears in muscles or
ligaments
With & Without:
• Osteomyelitis
• Tumor or mass
• Cancer
• Rule out mets
• Ulcer
• Abscess
• Arthrogram: labral tear,
loose bodies
138. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
139. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
140. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
147. • Responsible for the arm being
connected to the body.
• Made up by the clavicle and
scapula.
• The clavicle and sternum for the
SC or sternoclavicular joint.
• Distal portion of the humerus
flattens to form a portion of the
elbow
• Distal portion of the bicep tendon
attaches here as well.
• Largest bone in the upper portion of
the extremities
• Ball and socket joint within the glenoid
fossa and scapula.
• Biceps tendon attaches here
• Made up by the ulna and radius
bones
• Distal portion of the bicep tendon
attaches here as well.
148. 8 carpal bones make up this
structure.
1. Scaphoid
2. lunate
3. triquetral
4. pisiform
5. trapezium
6. trapezoid
7. capitate
8. hamate
• These control hand movement
possible in various directions.
• Ability to point, lift, hold and grab
items.
• Temporomandibular joint
• Allows movement of the jaw for
eating and speaking.
• Aorta runs down into the lumbar
region and bifurcates into the
common iliac arteries. You have
serval major arteries and veins
that supply blood to the
extremities and if they are cut off
loss of use of that extremity can
149. Select a shoulder or flex
coil
To immobilize patients head
make use of straps and
pads
Earplugs or headphones for
ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine head first
into scanner
Arm down by side
thumb/palm up, if possible
Landmark is noted by the
yellow cross hairs; center
150. Select a shoulder or flex
coil
To immobilize patients
head make use of straps
and pads
Earplugs or headphones
for ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine head first
into scanner
Arm down by side palm
155. Select a flex coil that is placed
length wise with the arm
To immobilize patients make
use of sandbags, straps and
pads
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine head first into
scanner .
Arm down by side
Landmark is noted by the
yellow cross hairs; center point
is the humerus bone.
158. Select a flex coil that is placed
length wise with the arm
To immobilize patients make
use of sandbags, straps and
pads
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine head first into
scanner arm down by side or
swimmers position for those
healthier patients
Landmark is noted by the
yellow cross hairs; center point
is the elbow joint
162. Select a flex coil that is placed
length wise with the arm
To immobilize patients make
use of sandbags, straps and
pads
Earplugs or headphones for ear
protection are necessary
Patient is supine head first into
scanner or swimmers position
for those healthier patients
Arm down by side
Landmark is noted by the
yellow cross hairs; center point
is the mid point of forearm
166. Select a wrist/hand or flex
coil
To immobilize patient make
use of straps and pads
Earplugs or headphones for
ear protection are
necessary
Patient is prone head first
into scanner; yellow cross
hairs should meet at the
mid point of the anatomy
Known as “Superman”
position
173. Select a body or breast coil
To immobilize patients make use of
straps.
Earplugs for ear protection are
necessary.
Chest: Patient is supine head first
into scanner.
Cardiac gating used
Breast: prone head first
174.
175.
176. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
177. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
178. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
179. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
180. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
192. • Responsible for respiration
• Divided into lobes
• Right lung has 3 lobes
• Left lung has 2 lobes
• The hilum is referred to as
the “root of the lung”
because it allows mainstem
bronchi, blood vessels, lymph
vessels and nerves to enter
and exit the lung.
195. • Mediastinum is located
between two pleural cavities
of the lungs midline behind
the manubrium thoracic
cavity.
• Thymus is located behind the
manubrium and responsible
for immunity.
• Lymph nodes normally aren’t
visible unless they are
enlarged.
Thymu
s
Trache
a
Esophagus
210. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of
body weight
212. Standard
Protocol
• 3 plane localizer
• Sagittal T1
• Axial T2 Fat saturation (FS)
• Axial T1
• 3D Ax T1 FS GRE pre
• POST GADOLINIUM
• Dynamic 3D Ax T1 FS GRE
post
213. Purpose
• Evaluation for breast implant
rupture
• Diagnostic tool in the evaluation
of known or suspected breast
cancer
• Imaging of the axillary region in
cases of axillary lymphadenopathy
with unknown primary
• Monitoring response to post-
surgical primary chemotherapy
• Pre-surgical evaluation of residual
disease following neo-adjuvant
216. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of
body weight
Rate of
injection: 2ml/s
with saline flush
219. Standard
Protocol
• 3 plane localizer
• Axial Haste thru heart
• Axial Trufi thru heart
• Axial T1black blood
• Coronal 3D TOF pre
POST GADOLINIUM
• Coronal 3D TOF post
**customize the exam based upon
the indication, age, cardiovascular
status and anatomy.
220. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of
body weight
Rate of
injection: 3ml/s
with saline flush
221. • identify abnormalities, such as aneurysms, in the aorta, both in the
chest and abdomen, or in other arteries.
• detect atherosclerotic (plaque) disease in the carotid artery of the
neck, which may limit blood flow to the brain and cause a stroke.
• identify a small aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (abnormal
communications between blood vessels) inside the brain or other parts
of the body.
• guide interventional radiologists and surgeons making repairs to
diseased blood vessels, such as implanting stents or evaluating a stent
after implantation.
• detect injury to one or more arteries in the neck, chest, abdomen,
pelvis or extremities in patients after trauma.
• evaluate arteries feeding a tumor prior to surgery or other procedures
such as chemoembolization or selective internal radiation therapy.
• identify dissection or splitting in the aorta in the chest or abdomen or
its major branches.
• show the extent and severity of the effects of coronary artery disease
and plan for a surgical operation, such as a coronary bypass and
stenting.
• examine pulmonary arteries in the lungs to detect pulmonary embolism
(blood clots, such as those traveling from leg veins) or pulmonary
arteriovenous malformations.
• look at congenital abnormalities in blood vessels, especially arteries in
children (e.g., malformations in the heart or other blood vessels due to
225. Standard
Protocol
• 3 plane localizer
• Axial haste dark blood localizer
• Sagittal T1
• Axial T2 FSE/TSE
• Axial T1 Pre
• Axial Flair
• Coronal T2
POST GADOLINIUM
• Axial T1 post
• Coronal T1 post
226. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
Ablavar
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of body
weight (amount can
be doubled or tripled
per cardiologist only)
Rate of injection:
3ml/s with saline
flush
227. Imaging planes and scan setup are to the
heart muscles and chambers not the
chest itself.
Views:
1. Short Axis/two chamber=shows both
ventricles
2. Long Axis/two chamber view
3. Three chamber
4. Four chamber/long axis view=shows the left
and right side of heart
Gating methods & triggering:
1. ECG
2. Peripheral gating by use of a pulse oximeter
placed on the finger
3. The heart beat triggers the picture to be
taken.
228. Gating methods:
1. The rate at which the patients
heart beats will determine the
speed of the scan.
2. Slice is determine by the heart
rate.
Safety:
1. Make sure the cables don’t loop or
touch the patient
2. ECG is preferred method of gating
240. Select a body coil
To immobilize patients head
make use of straps
Earplugs or headphones for
ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine head first
into scanner
241.
242.
243. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
244. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
245. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
261. • Divided into the fundus, body and
neck.
• Forces bile into the duodenum.
• Divided into the head, body,
uncinate process, neck, body and
tail.
• The common bile duct and
gastroduodenal artery run through
the head.
• Has a bumpy appearance
• Located on the left side and is highly
vascular.
• Responsible for producing white blood
cells, store iron from red blood cells,
filter abnormal blood cells, initiate an
immune response when needed.
• Arterial phase gives it a varied
appearance
262. • Located above the kidneys
• Triangular and Y shaped
• Responsible for the production of
steroids, hormones, glucose and
minerals.
• Kidneys and ureter are inside the
abdomen.
• Waste is transported and filtered
through various aspects of the
kidney.
• To transport them to the bladder
is the ureters.
• Main function is to remove urine,
filter blood and help maintain
normal body physiology.
• Stores food
• Uses acids an enzymes to break
down food
• Small and large intestines
• Transport waste, nutrients
absorption, and digestion occur
265. • Aorta
• Common iliac artery
• Renal Arteries
• Celiac trunk
• Common hepatic artery
• Superior mesenteric artery
• Inferior mesenteric artery
• Veins
266. MRA Abdomen MRA Renal
Aorta
Left renal
artery
Common
iliac artery
267. Non invasive
test to see
swelling and
irritation,
bleeding and
other small
bowel
conditions.
Crohn’s Disease
268. Select a body coil
To immobilize patients head
make use of straps
Earplugs or headphones for
ear protection are
necessary
Patient is supine head first
into scanner
269.
270.
271. ANTERIOR
SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
POSTERIOR
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
272. SUPERIOR
INFERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
Superior will be
the top of the
image.
Inferior will be the
bottom of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
273. ANTERIOR
RIGHT LEFT
POSTERIOR
Anterior will be the
front of the
anatomy.
Posterior will be at
the back of the
image.
The right side of
the image will be
the technologist
left side.
The left side will
be the
technologist right
side.
281. • Stores urine and the urethra
drains into it.
• Rest on the pelvic floor and is
anchored by ligaments
• Begins at S3 and connects to the
anus
• Various muscles control the
evacuation of waste material out
of the anus.
• Uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes and
vagina.
• Responsible for sex hormones
• Protects embryos and support the
growth and development of embryos.
• The uterus is the main protector of the
baby.
• Formed by the sacrum, coccyx,
ilium, ischium and pubis.
282. • Scrotum, testis, prostate, vas
deferens, epididymis, seminal
vesicle and penis.
• These control leg movement
making walking possible and
moving the leg laterally.
• Pelvic diaphragm muscles support
contents of the pelvis.
• Drain for the lymphatic system
and originate in regions such as
common iliac, internal iliac, sacral
and external iliac.
• Aorta runs down into the lumbar
region and bifurcates into the
common iliac arteries.
295. • Screening
• Trauma
No Contrast Contrast :
• Tumor/mass
• Infection
• Stenosis
• Cancer
• Lesion
296. CONTRAST
Multihanc
e
Magnevist
Omniscan
Prohance
TYPES: CONTRAINDICATIONS:
DOSE
CALCULATION:
No contrast if
patient is on
dialysis*
GFR less than 30
.1mmol/kg of
body weight
Rate of injection
is 2ml/s with
saline flush
Editor's Notes
MRA Brain (COW) and MRA Carotid Neck
Depending on the facility contrast may or may not be used. If contrast is used you will begin the injection and watch the contrast enter the superior sagittal sinus then press START on the scanner.
40-50% of MRI make use of contrast so it is extremely important to assess each patients potential risk.
40-50% of MRI make use of contrast so it is extremely important to assess each patients potential risk.
40-50% of MRI make use of contrast so it is extremely important to assess each patients potential risk.
IVC=Inferior Vena Cava
IVC=Inferior Vena Cava
SVC: Superior Vena Cava
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
IVC=Inferior Vena Cava
IVC=Inferior Vena Cava
*Dialysis patients may receive contrast if a radiologist signs his/her approval and the patient must receive dialysis as soon as possible.
