Noli Me Tangere - English Summary

Some background on Dr. Jose
Rizal and Noli Me Tangere

Family
Full name- Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Y
Alonzo Realonda
Birthplace- Calamba, Laguna
Birthday- June 19, 1861
Mother- Teodora Morales Alonzo Realonda Y Quintos
Father- Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado Y Alejandro
Grandparents- Domingo Ram Co, Ines De Rosa
Jose Rizal is the 7th child amongst 11 children

Education
Donya Teodora- First teacher
Binyan, Laguna
G. Justiniano Cruz- first teacher in formal
education
Dalubwika- proficient and fluent in many
languages (220)
Ateneo Municipal de Manila- Jose Rizal’s school
when he transferred to Manila
Sobrel Saliente- highest academic standing,
equivalent to excellent
Unibersidad ng Sto. Tomas
Madrid, Espanya- to study medicine

What he did
Noli Me Tangere- helped open ﬁlipinos to the doings of the spanish
La Liga Filipina- ilustrado
Hunyo 26, 1889- jose rizal came back to the philippines, he got death threats and stuff
Hulyo 15, 1892- Date of Arrest
Rebelyon- incited rebellion with his book noli me tangere
Disyembre 30, 1896- date of execution
John 20:17 “Huwag mo akong salingin”- base of the title of Noli Me Tangere

Noli me tangere
N- Rizal wrote his ﬁrst novel Noli me tangere at the age of 24
O- Noli me tangere is considered a masterpiece in philippine literature
L- Rizal was enlightened at a young age about his environment the cruelty of the
spaniards and how pathetic they made our country look.
I- Rizal wanted a way to let his fellow countrymen know what was going on and have a
big change and have better education.

Noli me tangere
M- Madrid, Spain 1884, Inspired by the books “Uncle tom’s Cabin” and “the wandering
jew” he started writing Noli me tangere finishing the first half. In Paris, France 1885 he
continued writing a quarter of it. In Germany February 21, 1887, he finished writing the
novel.
E- During the time he was writing the novel, Rizal was very thrifty in order to save money
for the printing of Noli Me tangere.

Noli me tangere
T- Rizal’s friend Maximo Viola lent him some money so that the novel would be printed
and published.
A- 2,000 copies of Noli Me Tangere were printed in the Imprenta Lette Berlin, Germany on
March 29, 1887.
N- The Spaniards and some of Rizal’s enemies were mad at him for writing this novel,
which was why his family and friends were very worried.

Noli me tangere
G- Rizal had 3 reasons why he wanted to come back to the Philippines,
1. His mother needed eye surgery.
2. He wanted to know why Leonora Rivera wasn’t replying his letters anymore.
3. He wanted to see the reactions of his fellow countrymen to the Noli Me Tangere.
E- The critics who were rizal’s enemies evaluated the novel were paid to “carefully analyze
it”.

Noli me tangere
R- The results of the analyzation of the novel made the novel illegal to read. Rizal was forced
to leave to protect himself, for awhile he stayed under the care of lieutenant jose taviel de
Andrade under the orders of governor-general terrero. But in the end he had to leave the
country again for the sake of his safety because his family and friends were very worried.
E- He visited many countries including United States (San Francisco and New York) Hong
Kong, Japan and London in the United Kingdom. While he was in these countries he was
responding to his enemies and critics.

Tauhan ng Noli Me Tangere
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters
Main characters

CRisostomo Ibarra
Ibarra is one of the main characters in the novel. He is the only child and heir of Don Rafael
Ibarra. Since he came from a wealthy family, he had the opportunity to study in Europe. After his
stay in Europe, he decided to go home. He has long dreamed of building a school to improve the
future of the children in their town. He was considered incarcerated after he attempted to stab the
Franciscan friar Padre Damaso. Although he was smuggled for the ﬁrst time, he was involved in an
uprising so the authorities continued to pursue him.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/juan-crisostomo-ibarra-y-magsalin-ibarra

Maria Clara
Maria Clara is Ibarra's most beloved woman. She is considered the most beautiful in the whole
town. The girl is also known for her beauty. In the ﬁrst chapters, it is shown that Maria Clara is
the only child of Captain Tiago and Donya Pia Alba. But later, he revealed to Ibarra that he was
the son of Padre Damaso.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/maria-clara

Elias
Elias is the farmer who showed Ibarra the real situation in their town. Although he belonged to
the Ibarra clan, he sacriﬁced his life to save Chrysostom when they tried to ﬂee out of the lake.
When he reached the Ibarra forest and was dying, he said he did not even.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/elias

Kapitan Tiyago
Don Santiago de los Santos or kaptain Tiyago is a well-known Filipino elitist. Due to his high
social status, he was close to the Franciscan friars Padre Salvi and Padre Damaso.
He wanted nothing more for his only daughter Maria Clara than to marry a rich and inﬂuential
young man. So he quickly renounced Maria Clara's agreed marriage to Ibarra after the church
expelled him.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/captain-tiago-don-santiago-de-los-santos

Padre Salvi
Padre Salvi was one of the Franciscan friars who ruled San Diego. He was known as a deceitful
priest who used his position in society to strengthen his inﬂuence throughout the town. He had a
secret view of Maria Clara so he devised a way to tarnish Ibarra's reputation. Padre Salvi
organized a rebellion against the Civil Guards and convinced the authorities that Ibarra was
behind it.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/father-salvi

Padre Damaso
Padre Damaso is known as an arrogant and cruel priest who does not speak Filipino even though
he has lived and listened to the confessions of the people of San Diego for a long time. Whenever
someone opposes him, he uses his high position in the church to impose punishment just like
excommunication. He is the real father of Maria Clara after Donya Pia Alba was raped by him.
Ibarra's father Don Rafael fought him. As a result, Don Rafael was imprisoned and died while in
prison. He became Ibarra's mortal protagonist throughout the novel.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/father-damaso

Philosopher Tasyo
Tandang Tasyo or Don Anastasio is one of the characters who side with Ibarra. He is known for his
unique worldview. He symbolizes people who do not care what others think. Unfortunately, because
he preferred to be alone, he died alone.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/old-tasio-don-anastasio

Crispin
Crispin was the son of Sisa, a sacristan in the San Diego church. Together with his older brother
Basilio, he works to give money to their mother Sisa. Unfortunately, he was accused of stealing
money from the church so he was forced to work to pay off his debt.
One night, the two brothers planned to visit their mother, but the sacristan chief teacher stopped
them. When Crispin answered the master maestro, he beat her repeatedly. No one saw the young
man after the church mistreated him.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/crispin

Basilio
He was Crispin's older brother. Like his brother, he also trains to be a sacristan. He tried to ﬁnd
his brother after being dragged away by the sacristan master teacher.
Unfortunately, he never found it again. He just ran away and went to his mother's house. He said
goodbye to working with Crisostomo Ibarra.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/basilio

Don Tiburcio
Doctor Tiburcio de Espadaña is a Spaniard who treats people even though he is not a real doctor.
Although he does not have enough medical knowledge, he charges his patients a very high fee.
Many people think he is a real doctor because of his high charges.
Eventually, people found out that he was a fake doctor, so he was forced to look for another
livelihood.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/doctor-tiburcio-de-espadana

Donya Victorina
Donya Victorina is a Filipino woman who married a Spaniard named Don Tiburcio.
There is nothing else that Donya Victorina appreciates but to preserve her image as an elitist. He
suggested that Maria Clara marry his niece Linares.
litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/la-doctora-victorina-de-los-reyes-de-espadana

Lieutenant Guevarra
He was an elderly Civil Guard who had great respect for the Ibarra family. He revealed to
Chrysostom how his father Don Rafael was imprisoned because he was classiﬁed as a heretic and a
pilibustero.
He detailed how the remains of Don Rafael were exhumed and transferred to the grave of the
Chinese by his opponent Padre Damaso.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/senor-guevara

Linares
He agreed to marry Maria Clara after the church rejected Ibarra. Linares was the nephew of Don
Tiburcio. He graduated in law in Spain and is considered the smartest in the de Espadaña clan.
Padre Damaso agreed to marry Linares to his daughter Maria Clara so that the girl could not stay
with her opponent Crisostomo Ibarra.
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/characters/linares

Noli Me Tangere
By Dr. Jose Rizal

Kabanata 1 (chapter 1)
“Ang Pagtitipon (A social gathering)“
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-1-a-gathering
Link if you wanna read further ^^
summary
Kapitan Tiyago had a party/banquet in his house and many people were there including
some foreigners, padre sibyla, padre damaso, and the tenyente of the civil guards. When
they started talking about the monopoly business and tobacco, padre damaso showed his
insulting attitude.

Chapter 1: Narration
The news about the big gathering/party/ banquet in kapitan tiyago’s house
was spread. Kapitan tiyago was known as a very giving gentleman, he is the
owner of the house where the party is going to be held. Many people attended
this party, rich or poor, those who were invited and those who weren’t
invited. The hall was pretty full already, seated together were padre sibyla,
padre damaso, one countryman, and one soldier.

Chapter 1: Dialogue narration
This shows that Padre Damaso is showing rough temper which is the opposite to
the usual image of humble priests. After the general replied Padre Damaso they
both got a bit heated at each other and Padre Sibyla had to interfere before a
ﬁght breaks out. tenyente Guevarra then clariﬁed the reason why Padre
Damaso was transferred to a different area was because Padre Damaso had a
coffin of the deceased transferred.

Chapter 1: Dialogue
Padre Damaso: I have recently left the country of san diego, after
20 years of tenure. There are 6,000 citizens there and I know each
of their secrets, and when I was leaving who escorted me? Just a
few old ladies and some “Hermano tercero” who I lived with for
like 20 years.
Tenyente: That is the truth, nothing can exceed the ignorance and
ingratitude of the ﬁlipinos.

“Si Crisostomo Ibarra ( Crisostomo Ibarra)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-2-crisostomo-ibarra
Summary
We basically meet Crisostomo ibarra, this chapter is pretty short.

Kapitan Tiyago was with a young man dressed in full mourning clothes,
who he introduced as Crisostomo Ibarra. Crisostomo Ibarra is the only child
of the late Don Rafael Ibarra, he went to europe to study for 7 years and just
returned to the Philippines this year. When he was introduced to Padre
Damaso, Padre Damaso denied him. In the party, Crisostomo Ibarra also saw
Tenyente Guevarra and greeted him.

Chapter 2: Dialogue
Padre Damaso: You are not wrong, but I don’t need to be
close friends with your dad.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Tenyente Guevarra: Are you the child of Don ibarra? Thank
god you were able to arrive without any disasters, I knew
your father, he was very noble.

“Ang Hapunan (The Dinner)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-3-dinner
summary
This chapter talks about the dinner Ibarra attended, It is visible that padre sibyla is very
delighted to have Ibarra eating dinner with them while Padre Damaso’s face shows visible
irritation.

Padre Damaso and Padre Sibyla argued over the kabisera of the table. Kapitan tiyago
divided the tinola among everyone and the portion Padre Damaso received was the neck
and a wing, he drank the soup and dropped the utensils and shoved the plate away. He
was very very mad that his portion mostly contained just vegetables and neck portion.
Ibarra then told everyone about what he experienced abroad and how lonely he felt that
no one told him how his father died. Padre Damaso then began to say all sorts of bad
things about Ibarra’s dad, he also belittled ibarra’s experiences.

Kabisera- Head seat of the table

“Erehe at Pilibustero (Heretic and Filibuster)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-4-heretic-and-subversive
summary
As Crisostomo Ibarra was walking around, he noticed not much has changed since before
he left for europe. Tenyente Guevarra also narrated to him what actually happened to his
father.

Chapter 4: Some terms and narration
Erehe- person considered an opponent of the church
Ex. Don Rafael was considered as a heretic.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ibarra walked slowly with no deﬁnite destination, he reached as far as Mount Plains. When he suddenly felt
the gentle touch of a hand on his shoulder. *Dialogue* it is not fair what happened to ibarra's father. After
their conversation, the General entered the barracks and Ibarra boarded the kalesa and went to Fonda de
Lala.

Chapter 4: Dialogue
Tenyente: Young man you must be careful, what happened to your
father must not happen again! I thought you already knew what
happened to you father but do not worry, here you have to be
imprisoned to be honorable.
Crisostomo: I know you do not mean to hurt me, but you need to tell
me why he was imprisoned.
Tenyente: Padre Damaso accused your father of not confessing his sin
to the confession box. For your father believed that you could be
forgiven without the need to beg to the priest.

Chapter 4: Dialogue
Tenyente: At that time there was this soldier that was removed from
military service due to bad attitude. He was made a tax collector of
vehicles. the former soldier was known for his cruelty and ignorance.
He ﬁxes guns or ﬁres cannons. So one day the soldier was bullied by
the children by saying ba be bi bo bu because he was illiterate So he
chased the children got his cane and hit one of the children in the
head and the child head was bleeding then when Don Rafael Ibarra saw
it he got really mad and hit the soldier then the soldier died. your
father was imprisoned. he was accused of being a pilibustero and a
heretic.

Chapter 4: Dialogue
Tenyente: He was accused of being read by el correo de
ultramar and by newspapers in madrid and also
because he was photographed and lettered by a hanged
priest. He was supposed to be set free but because there
were evidences that he killed the soldier and because
he was also accused that he conspired with robbers
because he was depressed he died since then.

“Isang Tala sa Gabing Madilim (A star in a dark night)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-5-a-star-in-the-dark-night
summary
crisostomo ibarra meditated and he formed sensational images in his mind but he
remembered the star in his darkness -- Maria Clara

When Ibarra arrived at Fonda de Lala he immediately went to his room and very anxiously sat
down staring at the galaxy outside. from the open window of his room overlooking the house
shining across, Ibarra heard the melody of the violin music. he would have been persuaded to
watch the festival and he would have seen the beautiful vision of a very beautiful delicate
beauty dressed in the Baro't saya. Only one girl is always in ibarra's mind, this is maria clara
who just arrived from the beateryo. on the other two visions Ibarra see, ﬁrst is his father and
the second is a happy young man overseas who is none other than himself.

“Si Kapitan Tiyago (Captain Tiyago)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-6-captain-tiago
summary
Captain Tiyago is the only child of a sugar trader in the town of Malabon. a typical
Filipino when describing the appearance of captain tiyago, his body shape and even his
entire physical characteristics are undeniable that he is indeed an indio.

Chapter 6: Kapitan Tiyago
> Kapitan Tiyago is a short obese man, with a round face and a skintone that isn’t white. He looks
younger than his actual age and always has a cigarette. He is the representation of a true ﬁlipino.
> He is considered as the richest man on the mountain, a wealthy opium merchant and a Chinese
partner. Because of his wealth he has many connections to the church and government.
> In his house he has a lot of statues of saints, a sign of his religiosity.
> He ﬁrmly believes that he isn’t an “Indio” because he is ashamed of his race.

Chapter 6: Pia Alba
> Pia Alba is the wife of Kapitan Tiyago
> They have been waiting to have a child for a very long time already, and she ﬁnally got
pregnant with Maria Clara.
> She died after giving birth to Maria Clara.

“Suyuan sa Asotea (An Idyl on an Azotea)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-7-idyll-on-a-terrace
summary
Maria clara and ibarra met again after Ibarra spent seven years studying in europe. they
were talking about their happy memories when they were young, and only stopped when
ibarra remembered his late father.

Maria Clara looks pale because she is going to see Crisostomo Ibarra again for the ﬁrst time in
seven years. Maria Clara and Crisostomo Ibarra talked in the terrace and exchanged memories.
> Sage leaves and old letters (dahon ng sambong at ang lumang liham)

Chapter 7: Dialogue
Crisostomo Ibarra: your memory is with me at all times
and is the only consolation of my sad soul when I was in
another country. you are the embodiment of my
homeland- majestic, honest, modest, and child of the
philippines, the land that inherited great manners from
spain and still possesses the distinctive character of a new
town.

“Mga Alaala (Recollections)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-8-memories
summary
Rizal tells us how discrimination was evident especially how the Filipinos were treated at
the same time the reason why the Filipinos did progress it’s because the Spaniards took
most the opportunities from the Filipinos.

While riding in his carriage, Ibarra crossed Manila. he was depressed and saddened by what he
saw. almost nothing changed and the escolta became even more ugly after seven years he left
it. , Ibarra notices change in streets that used to be unpaved and full of potholes, which
prisoners used to ﬁll while receiving lashes from a whip as people rushed by in coaches without
noticing. He also sees Padre Damaso on a very fancy coach.

“Mga Suliranin Tungkol sa Bayan (Local Affairs)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-9-national-affairs
summary
Padre damaso saw Maria Clara and her aunt leaving to the beateryo where Maria Clara grew up to
get her things because she was supposed to get married with Ibarra but then Padre Damaso disagreed
because of their rivalry with Ibarra’s father so he went inside to Kapitan Tiyago to talk about it
then after the conversation with Kapitan Tiyago and Padre damaso Kapitan Tiago felt uneasy
about the situation because he didn’t knew what to follow.

Padre damaso saw Maria Clara and her aunt leaving to the beateryo where Maria Clara grew up
to get her things because she was supposed to get married with Ibarra but then Padre Damaso
disagreed because of their rivalry with Ibarra’s father so he went inside to Kapitan Tiyago to
talk about it then after the conversation with Kapitan Tiyago and Padre damaso Kapitan Tiago
felt uneasy about the situation because he didn’t knew what to follow.
*read the link its in english and has more details.

Father Dámaso runs into María Clara and Isabel as they’re about to leave for the convent to get
María Clara’s things, intending to meet in private with Captain Tiago. Meanwhile, Father Sibyla
meets with an elderly, dying priest, telling him about the disagreement between Father Dámaso
and Crisóstomo Ibarra and Ibarra’s plans to marry María Clara. Father Sibyla feels that the
church has little to worry about from Ibarra, since he is wealthy and will be happy with María
Clara, making him reluctant to risk putting his happiness in danger, but the elder priest says
that it’s just as well if Ibarra does create an open conﬂict with the church, since that can expose
where the church is weak and allow them to weed out these weaknesses.

“Ang San Diego (San Diego)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-10-the-village
summary
ABout the city of San Diego and the backstory of the Ibarra Family.

San Diego is a town near the shores of a lake and is surrounded by vast farms and rice ﬁelds. Because of
the folly of the people living here their crops are sold at low prices. Ibarra’s family history is
intertwined with the village of San Diego. Legends circulate throughout the town about the resting
place of his great-grandfather, an old Spanish man who came to San Diego years ago, bought the forest
from people who falsely claimed to own it, retreated into the woods, and hung himself from a banana
tree. Not long afterward, Ibarra’s grandfather appeared and built a wall around the grave, married a
woman from Manila, and fathered Don Rafael. Don Rafael inherited his father’s farm and quickly
gained respect from his workers as the town of San Diego grew into what it is today.

“ Ang mga Makapangyarihan (The Rulers)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-11-sovereignty
summary
People who have authority.

Chapter 11: Don Rafael Ibarra
> One of the richest dude San Diego
> very humble and kind that's why he earned the trust of the people in San Diego, and
when he helps others he doesn’t ask for something in return.
> He does not rule San Diego.

Chapter 11: Kapitan Tiyago
>A pure ﬁlipino that is super rich and sells illegal drugs.
>Wherever he goes, there’s an orchestra to welcome him, and the people from the
places he visits always give him food.
>He does not rule San Diego

Chapter 11: Padre Salvi
> He easily gets sick
> he’s a quiet person
> young priest
> mortal enemy is alperes
> has authority to rule.

Chapter 11: Alperez
> Husband of Donya Consolacion
> always drunk
> wife beater, and argues with his wife in public
> mortal of padre salvi because they hold the same authority.

Chapter 11: Gobernadorcillo
> He’s a governor higher rank than Alperes
> does not rule san diego but give ideas to alperes.

“Araw ng mga Patay (All Saints day)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-12-all-saints
summary
Its very short so It basically the narration

> The San Diego Cemetery was considered messy and unorderly
> There were 2 gravediggers digging up bodies to transfer to the chinese graves.
> One of them mentions that one of the bodies they were digging up was ordered by
priest (the body of Don Rafael Ibarra and the priest is Padre Damaso)
> Many people were looking for the graves of their loved ones

“Mga Babala ng Bagyo (Signs of Storm)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-13-the-storm-brews
summary
Ibarra went to ﬁnd his dad’s body, found out that the body was thrown into a lake, then
he got mad at the wrong person and left.

Crisostomo Ibarra went to the cemetery because it was in all saints day to ﬁnd for
Don Rafael Ibarra's dead body but the gravedigger told him that the head priest ordered
him to burn it and have it transferred to a chinese cemetery, but instead he threw the
body in the lake. Ibarra was enraged by this and when he met Padre Salvi He got mad at
him because Padre Salvi was the head priest at that time. Padre Salvi then told him that
it was actually Padre Damaso (the former head priest) who ordered it.
*at that time being buried in a chinese cemetery was considered dishonorable.

“Si Tasyo, ang Baliw o ang Pilosopo (Tasyo: Lunatic or Sage)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-14-tasio-madman-or-philosopher
summary
It is pretty short, check the link if you want to like read more.

It was All Saints day and Pilosopong Tasyo was looking for the skull of his wife, but He wasn’t
able to find the body so Pilosopong Tasyo got mad and went away. It was raining after
Pilosopong Tasyo left the cemetery, He was treated like a madman by the citizens. He went to a
couple’s house to tell them how Don Rafael Ibarra’s grave was being mistreated because of the
jealousy of Padre Damaso.
*before if you were smart and liked studying or being logical and you were in an argument
with someone people would go like “cge na your right”or “fine fine you win na”

“Ang mga Sakristan (The Sacristans)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-15-the-sextons
summary
In this Chapter, We meet Basilio, his younger brother Crispin, and how they work as
apprentice sextons to help earn money.

Basilio and his younger brother Crispin are sacristans, Basilio was ringing the bell while
Crispin was telling him how he was accused of stealing. Their home is outside of the city of san
Diego so they rarely see their mother, Sisa. While they were talking and wishing that they were
home with their mother eating dinner, a priest came and scolded Basilio for ringing the bell
in the wrong rhythm, and he demanded Crispin to stay till he can pay back what he stole, even
if Crispin denies stealing anything. The priest then told them that they can leave at 10pm, even
tho the curfew was 9pm. Later on, the priest takes Crispin away, and Basilio sneaked out of the
church and went home.

Chapter 15: More stuff to know about this chapter
The bell tower / belfry comes from the Spanish word campanario (bell
tower / belfry). It is usually sounded or used in the church before Mass
begins or whenever the church calls the people's attention.
Sakristan - Sexton/ assistant priest during a mass.

Chapter 15: Child Abuse
In the broadest sense, child abuse can be considered work or non-work that can harm or impair
the physical or psychological health of those aged eighteen and under. Such a deﬁnition is in
line with community standards and experts.
Types of Abuse:
1. Physical
2. Sexual
3. Neglect : psychological

“Si Sisa (Sisa)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-16-sisa
summary
In this Chapter, We meet Sisa and her abusive husband.

Sisa is the mother of Basilio and Crispin and is married to a gambling addict who is abusive.
Tonight, she prepared a decadent feast for her children but unfortunately her husband ate
majority of it. Even if Sisa isn’t rich, she still tries her best to give her kids the best food even
if she has to beg from her neighbors for food. Sisa’s husband doesn’t contribute anything to the
household, he even tells sisa to save some money for him when the boys get home. as it gets
later, Sisa begins to worry about her kids, suddenly Basilio comes home.

Chapter 16: Sisa
Sisa's life is a reﬂection of the oppression experienced by women at the hands of
men. This can be seen in the mistreatment of his wife and the treatment of her
as a domestic slave whose only purpose is to make her husband happy and to take
care of the child. Here Rizal shows the rights of women trampled on by men
because of the idealism instilled by the Spaniards (Fernandez, 1990)

“Si Basilio (Basilio)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-17-basilio
summary
Basilio got home and told Sisa what happened, and decided that he didn’t want to be a
sacristan anymore

While Sisa was waiting for her kids, she was singing and threw a rock at a dog because she
thought it was gonna attack her and when Basilio got home, he told his mom everything's
that's been happening and what happened to Crispin. That night Basilio had a dream about
ﬂower girls and children, later on he decided that he didn’t want to be a sacristan
anymore. Basili planned to work for C. Ibarra and Pilosopong Tasyo will teach his brother
Crispin.

“Mga Kaluluwang Naghihirap (Souls in torment)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-18-souls-in-torment
summary
Sisa went to the church to go ﬁnd her son, Crispin.

> When Padre Salvi ﬁnished Mass, everyone noticed that he was lethargic and thought he was sick. he
quietly went up to the convent. he went through some manna and manang who were trying to kiss his
hand but he asked to ignore them but showed annoyance
> People boast about their indulgences
> Sisa came with fresh vegetables and fruits to give to Padre Salvi and to send her son Crispin home.
Sisa nervously looked for Padre Salvi while listening closely to see if she can ﬁnd her son.
> Sisa wasn’t shown the slightest respect because of the allegations about their family

Chapter 18: More stuff to know about this chapter
Indulgence - in the catholic church, prayer or sacriﬁce reduces the
punishment imposed on the offender.
purgatory- it is believed that this is where the souls of the dead go.

Chapter 18: Dialogue
Sisa: May I speak with Padre Salvi?
Nun: its true that Crispin was left here but unfortunately
he escaped. So, the head priest ordered me to tell the civil
guards and go straightly to your house to look for your
two sons. you are a good wife and your son is as bad as
their father. the little one will be worse than the father.

Chapter 18: Moral
may mga taong mayroon ngang kaalaman ngunit walang pagpapahalaga sa
damdamin ng iba na para bang hindi sila nakadarama ng kaunting awa sa
kanilang kapuwa
there are people who have knowledge but do not value the feelings of others as if
they do not feel any bit of pity for their neighbors.

“Mga Suliranin ng Isang Guro (A schoolmaster’s difficulties)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-19-adventures-of-a-schoolmaster
summary
ibarra converses with a schoolmaster who was helped by his father. The schoolmaster
narrates the obstacles that he encountered in teaching the children. He informs Ibarra
that the town lacks facilities such as a school building and necessary equipment. His work
is also hindered by the stubbornness of the former town Curate, Padre Damaso.

Ibarra meets with a young man by the lake where his father’s body was dumped. The other man explains
that the elder Ibarra helped him in his work as a schoolmaster. Ibarra tells him that he’s realized that
“the realization of my father’s ideas matters more than my crying over him, and more than my
vengeance,” and says that he wants to help the schoolmaster. The schoolmaster explains that school has
little practical purpose because of the lack of opportunities for students. Additionally, he is subject to
the authority of the priest, whose parish house he teaches in, and is not respected by his students. Father
Dámaso demands that he only teach in Tagalog, not Spanish, despite its prominence in the colonial
Philippines, and orders him to beat the children, which makes them resent him.

Chapter 19: Problems of Teachers
1. They don’t have funds
- The schools lack libraries, chairs, books, tables, and most importantly
teachers.
2. Students have no motivation
3. Parents give no support
4. Their system/administration is wrong
- They whip students if they make mistakes

“Ang Pulong sa Tribunal (The meeting in the town hall)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-20-the-meeting-at-city-hall
Summary
the town officials meet in the town hall to discuss the ﬁesta celebration. The council approves
the proposal of Don Filipo, but the Gobernadorcillo tells them that the curate’s alternate proposal
must be followed instead. Although the council objects to the Curate’s proposal, they are powerless
to stop implementation of the plan. Don Filipo and Tasio the sage go home dejected.

Ibarra attends a meeting at the city hall, hoping to bring up the schoolmaster’s concerns.
At the meeting, an upcoming festival is discussed. The liberals, represented by younger men
such as the deputy mayor, Don Filipo, generally oppose such events, seeing them as wasteful
expenses encouraged by the church, while the conservatives—the mayor and other older
men—support them. Don Filipo says that Tasio told him to suggest spending a large amount
of money on the festival because the conservatives will oppose anything he says, tricking
them into advocating for his actual position.

The plan works, but the mayor says the proposal won’t be put into effect because the priest
(Padre damaso) opposes it in favor of a series of religious services and performances, which
angers the crowd. “Is the priest paying for the festival or are we?” asks Tasio, but the mayor
says the matter has already been settled, and the liberals’ contributions to the event have
already been collected. Tasio and Don Filipo leave together unhappily, complaining that the
mayor is a slave to the priest.

“ Mga Pagdurusa ni Sisa (The story of a mother)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-21-a-mother-s-tale
Summary
Sisa was taken and imprisoned by 2 guards because she couldn’t provide the money that “crispin
stole”. After being imprisoned for 2 hours the alperes let her go because he found the accusation of
the priest insigniﬁcant. Later on, as Sisa tries to ﬁnd her kids she starts talking to rocks and
trees and has basically gone crazy after being imprisoned. (it is rumored that she was raped in
prison which is what triggered her to go crazy)

Sisa was rushing home to ﬁnd her sons, but when she got home instead of seeing her 2 sons she was
confronted by 2 civil guards. The guards wanted to know where the money that “Crispin stole” was
kept but sisa kept pushing that her sons were innocent and stole nothing. The guards asked sisa to
pay for the money stolen instead, but when sisa didn’t give them any money they decided to take
sisa back as prisoner because they were unable to bring crispin or basilio or the money. Sisa was like
super embarrassed so she cover her face with cloth, she was walking in between the 2 guards and
unluckily it was after mass so many of sisa’s neighbors saw her but none of them defended her.
Instead of helping sisa, her neighbors just stared, others gossiped in front of her, they didn’t care,
nobody had any sympathy.

Sisa was locked up in a prison cell and she was in a crouched position, later on the alperes came and
saw sisa, his first thought was how insignificant the accusations of the priest was. So he let sisa go
and sisa went to her home, but since she’s clueless what’s going around her, like her only focus is
finding her sons. She spends the rest of the day as well as the next day wandering aimlessly while
looking for her children and talking to stuff like rocks or trees.
So here, we can see that she has already gone crazy, some scholars who studied noli me
tangere say that inside the prison sisa was raped and that kinda triggered her to go crazy.
*Remember that Alperes and padre salvi are like enemies

“ Liwanag at Dilim (Lights and shadows)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-22-light-and-shadow
Summary
Crisostomo ibarra planned a picnic inviting friends and he disregarded maria clara’s request to
not invite padre salvi. And on his way home he met pedro (sisa’s husband) who was seeking help.

When Crisostomo ibarra went to visit maria clara, he saw that padre salvi had also gone to
visit maria clara. Ibarra had planned a picnic/outing with friends but maria clara had a
special request to not invite padre salvi because she felt uncomfortable around him and felt
a bit weirded/creeped out by him. However, Crisostomo ibarra didn’t agree to her request
because to him it is like tradition or like to pay respect to invite Padre Salvi. He then invited
Padre Salvi to which Padre salvi agreed to come.

On Crisostomo Ibarra’s way home he was approached by a man who was seeking help because his
children were missing and his wife was crazy. This person just so happened to be Pedro (sisa’s
husband). The reason why he approached crisostomo ibarra instead of local authorities or
friends is because he has bad reputation already and no one wanted to help him, in the
previous chapters he was described as an neglectful father.

“ Ang Pangingisda (Fishing)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-23-a-ﬁshing-expedition
Summary
Maria clara, ibarra, and their friends went for a picnic and unexpectedly encounter a
crocodile but in the end was saved by elias (boat man) and ibarra.

Maria clara, Crisostomo ibarra and their friends went to the forest for the picnic, the guys and
girls walked separately because during that time (time of spaniards) guys and girls couldn’t
walk/be together. They all got on a boat and the person who was steering the boat was Elias. They
needed to cross the lake to get to their picnic area and they were also cooking on the boat. They
were using a net to catch some ﬁsh but instead of catching a ﬁsh they ended up catching a
crocodile. So when the people saw the crocodile, of course they were shocked, and they were more
shocked when elias jumped into the water, crisostomo ibarra also jumped into the water with a
knife and later on they can see that the crocodile was dead.

Chapter 23: Symbolism
Crocodile- Metaphorically, the crocodile symbolized greed. Like how politicians were greedy
for money and power.
Elias and Ibarra killing the crocodile- beginning of their partnership, because in future
chapters we will see their journey together in ﬁghting politicians and etc.

“ Sa Kagubatan (In the forest)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-24-in-the-forest
Summary
Basically, padre salvi is a creep ; sisa crazy ; Elias is a rebel

Padre Salvi ﬁnished his mass quickly that day to join the group in the forest. On his way to ﬁnd
the group he sees maria clara with some girls and instead greeting them, he hid behind a tree
and just watched them (like a stalker). He followed them till they reached the group, then when he
got to the area where the group was, he saw that Alperes, koadhutor, kapitan, tenyente mayor,
basilio, and guro were also there. They were surprised to see him because he looked very pale, was
sweating, and his clothes were kinda dirty/ messy. Suddenly, they saw sisa, and Ibarra explained
who sisa was to the rest of the group. Later on, a couple of guards arrived looking for Elias,
because apparently, Elias is one of the rebels and everyone was shocked by this information.

Kabanata 24.5 (chapter 24.5)
“ Si Elias at salome”
http://thelifeandworksofrizal.blogspot.com/2012/01/missing-chapter-elias-and-salome.html
Summary
A backstory of Elias’ love life
“Elias and Salome” was originally the twenty-fifth chapter of the Noli. However, Rizal removed it during the
actual printing of the book due to financial constraints. ... The reason Rizal deleted this chapter, according to
historians, is to save on the cost of printing,without disturbing the flow of events in the story.

Chapter 24.5: Narration
> ELias left the place where he brought ibarra
> He went to the home of his beloved, salome
> Salome is a simple woman who doesn’t wear
any jewelry except the black rosary on her neck.
> That afternoon, she was happy that elias
arrived
> Even if they call each other “just friends”,
deep inside they both know they’re both not
“just friends”
> Elias noticed that salome was crying because
she had to leave to go live with her relatives in
mindoro
> so elias adviced salome to go to mindoro to
ﬁnd another person to be her husband

“ Sa Tahanan ng Pilosopo (In the house of the sage)”
Noli Me Tangere Chapter 25: At the Philosopher's House Summary & Analysis
Summary
Crisostomo Ibarra went to Pilosopo tasio’s house to seek some advice on his plans to build
a school, and as much as he doesn’t want to be a kissass he decides to suck up his pride and
follow tasio’s advice.

When Ibarra got to Pilosopo Tasio’s house he saw that the sage was writing in hieroglyphs.
He then asked why the man was writing in hieroglyphs and the reason was because tasio
didn’t want anyone to understand his ideas. Ibarra wanted to build a school (his father
also planned to do build a school) and went to tasio for some advice. Pilosopong tasio
then gave him 2 important pieces of advice, the ﬁrst one was to not go near crazy people
because many people view tasio as a crazy person and if they were to ﬁnd out that ibarra
consulted tasio, then they would believe that ibarra is also crazy.

The second one was to go near a priest and ask advice from them instead, he said that
the citizens and priests need to know ibarra’s plan for the school so that things would go
smoothly. He said that people would give ibarra bad advice but he had to pretend that he
was going to consider them. He said that the people would give Ibarra plans scorn unless
he got the approval of the church and government, all this is doing is to show that that
Ibarra means no harm and has clean intentions. However Ibarra didn’t want to do as
tasio said because he thought that he could succeed on his own, but tasio insisted that he
had to “kiss the hand” in order to continue his plans to build a school for san diego.

Chapter 25: narration and terms
As much as Ibarra was disgusted by the fact that he had to do that because those same people
who hold the power killed his father, in the end he decided to bear with it and do as tasio
advised.
*Ibarra had multiple reasons why he wanted to build a school, Maria clara was on of them
Pantas - Intelligent person
Heroglipiko- ancient writing system in egypt

“ Ang Bisperas ng Pista (The eve of the ﬁesta)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-26-festival-eve
Summary
Ibarra starts the construction of his school while other people prepare for the ﬁesta

Chapter 26: what is fiesta?
>Festivals are really a symbol of our culture and as Filipinos. The festivals show the
creativity of Filipinos in the fields of food, dance, music and art. even if the festival is
about religion or culture, we give everything to complete the experience of a festival.
Happiness and gratitude are the main reason for our festival and culture as Filipinos.
Without festivals our culture would be lacking. Usually celebrated by catholics
> A fiesta is like a ritual where you thank for all the blessing you recieved
>Fiesta’s started after the spaniards came

During the eve of the ﬁesta everyone was preparing for it, both rich and poor people.
There were bands playing music, the famous people like kapitan tiago, alperes, padre
damaso and kapitan joaquin came to gamble. Meanwhile Crisostomo Ibarra had begun
the construction of his school, he followed tasio’s advice and things did turn out
smoothly. Nyor Juan was the foreman for building Ibarra’s school, there were some people
nearby who were very intrigued by what was being built.

Flashback to ibarra’s conversation with tasio, tasio warned ibarra because tasio already knew
the ways of the people while ibarra didn’t since he had just returned from europe.
quoted from the story ﬂorante at laura
“ Kung ang isalubong sa iyong pagdating ay masayang mukha't may pakitang giliw, lalong
pag-ingata't kaaway na lihim”
(If you are greeted with a happy face and a friendly face, be more careful and secret enemies)

Things that the people from San Diego prepared for the ﬁesta:
1. Food, ex. Lechon
2. Decorations
3. Gambling

“Sa Pagtatakipsilim (In the twilight)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-27-at-nightfall
Summary
Captian Tiago got some stuff from europe, he gave a gold locket to maria clara. Maria
clara went for a walk, gave the locket to a leper, then had it stolen by sisa.

Many goods from europe came to captian tiyago’s home, some were food, drinks, mirrors,
and a large piano for Maria Clara. HE also got this gold locket for Maria Clara. Later On,
Maria Clara, Ibarra, and their friends went on a walk and found a leper. Out of Pity,
Maria clara gave her locket to the leper even when her friends advised against it.
Suddenly, Sisa came and took the locket from the leper and guards came to take sisa
away. Nobody noticed that sisa had the locket as she was taken away.
Magarbo = extravagant

“Ilang mga Sulat (Some Letters)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-28-correspondences
Summary
This chapter is just an exchange of letters between some people in the story

A popular newspaper in manila published about the festival of san diego. this is the most
up-to-date news in the newspaper.
“ Nothing compares to the grandeur of the feast of san diego, which is governed by the
Franciscan traditions. added the presence of padre hernando de la sibyla, the wealthy
Spaniards living in the province, and the well-known and prominent gentlemen in
manila”

Chapter 28: First Letter
- Introduced the powerful person who attended and was busy celebrating the festival
- showing a fancy way of celebrating
- Three of Captain Tiago's many guests are Padre Damaso, Padre Salvi, and Padre Sibyla.
- padre damaso lost and ran out of money for the binyan and santa cruz festival
- people enjoyed maria clara playing the piano
"women are ignored because of patriarchal society"
- The correspondent also noticed that ibarra was missing from the party
"ibarra faked being ill so that he and padre damaso didn’t need to meet at captain tiago’s house"

Chapter 28: Second and third Letter
2nd letter
-This is an exchange between G. Martin
Aristorenas and Luis Chiquito’y
- It’s about G. Martin’s gambling experience
with kapitan tiago and padre damaso
- PAdre Damaso broke a lamp out of
frustration because he lost the gamble.
3rd Letter
-This is An Exchange between Maria Clara
and Ibarra
- It’s about how Maria Clara is worried for
Ibarra because he didn’t attend the
celebrations because he was feeling ill

“Ang Fiesta (The Fiesta)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-29-morning
Summary
It was the day of the festival

It is the day of the fiesta so everyone was super excited, they wore jewelry and nice outfits.
However, while everyone was wearing fancy outfits, pilosopong tasio didn’t change his
clothes. Don Filipo then talked with pilosopong tasio. Later on, the Float/Chariot of San
diego passed through followed by the Float of San francisco With padre salvi for san diego
and Padre sibyla for San francisco. The float/chariot stopped outside captian tiago’s
house where the mayor, captian tiago, maria clara, ibarra, and some spaniards were
looking out. Padre salvi did not look at anyone aside from maria clara.

Don Filipo: Shouldn’t you brighten up today and wear something more nice, after all it is the day of the ﬁesta.
Tasio: Indeed it is, But you can celebrate all the same without wasting so much money. How are you going to
stop poverty when the poor are still spending on this day.
Don Filipo: that is beyond my power for I am neither priest nor government.
Tasio: then you should resign instead if you cannot do anything
Don Filipo: Resign? If only this job was a privilege instead of a burden.

“Sa Simbahan (In the Church)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-30-in-the-church
Summary
In this chapter we see how masses in San Diego are like.

When people go attend mass, it is super crowded and everyone washes their hands in this
basin of holy water. It is hot and people pay P250.00 to listen to the sermon. The more
respected and rich people sit in the reserved seats in the front, while the ordinary people
sit at the back. The mass hadn’t started because they were waiting for someone, Then the
mayor arrived wearing all of his badges and medals (to show off). Padre Damaso was
leading the mass, he went up the pulpit and made eye contact with ibarra and gave him a
like arrogant face. He also made this expression that he was gonna do a better sermon
than the one Padre martin did yesterday.

“Ang Sermon (The sermon)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-31-the-sermon
Summary

- Salute the patriotism of San Diego
- Padre Martin And Padre Damaso Admired his introduction
- The Alperes was yawning so they closed the church doors
- They started speaking spanish so the “indiyos” wouldn’t understand
- PAdre Damaso started speaking tagalog
- People started getting sleepy and did not pay attention to sermon because it was
talking about people not confessing (don Rafael Ibarra)
- These were speciﬁcally directed to Ibarra but he just ignored them.

“Ang Paghuhugos (The Paghuhugos)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-32-the-crane
Summary

Paghuhugos = item used to carry heavy objects
Padre Salvi was the one leading the ceremony
> Nol Juan- person in charge of the construction of the school
> students and teachers are busy preparing meals for the celebration
> while everyone was busy, elias did not take his eyes off the yellow man
> The yellow man died because he was crushed in the pit by the giant rock. (picture in the next slide)

“Malayang Kaisipan (Freedom of thoughts)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-33-freedom-of-thought
Summary
In this chapter Elias and Ibarra are having a conversation about the events that happened
the previous day.

- Elias went to visit Ibarra, he told Ibarra that he didn’t want to be involved
anymore.
- Ibarra said that it was okay and that he wouldn’t arrest Elias even if he is a wanted
man
- Elias tells Ibarra that he has enemies everywhere (which took Ibarra by surprise because
Ibarra didn’t think he’d have enemies)

- One of the enemies was the yellow man who died, Elias overheard the Yellow man’s
plotting.
- apparently elias saved Ibarra because it was supposed to be Ibarra who died and not
the Yellow man.
- Elias is a strong believer of God and believes that only God has the right to control
events and not men. He doesn’t believe in men and has some sort of hatred for the
country.
- This chapter showed their ﬁrst long-ish conversation.

“Ang Pananghalian (The banquet)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-34-the-banquet
Summary
At the lunch where they were supposed to celebrate Ibarra’s opening of a school, Padre
damaso comes and insults Ibarra which makes Ibarra lose self-control and nearly commit
a crime

Chapter 34: Talasalitaan
1. Barbaro- taong may masamang ugali
2. Kondenado- pinag-uusig
3. Namulpol- namitas
4. Punyal- kutsilyo
5. Sagrado- banal
> Person with a bad attitude
>Condemning; Prosecute
> Pick (as in pick an apple or pick on to bully)
> Knife
> Sacred; Holy

- All the rich and important people were having lunch together to celebrate the opening of
Ibarra’s school, only Padre Damaso was not invited.
- Kapitan Tiago gets a telegram about the general coming to stay at his house, then he leaves,
after a while, the alperez, alkalde, and kapita’y also get telegrams about the general’s
arrival.
- Soon, Padre Damaso shows up (with a arrogant aura) and He greeted everyone except Ibarra,
Padre Damaso then starts insulting ibarra by ﬂexing how he made so many churches and
belittling Ibarra etc.

- Ibarra tries to ignore Padre Damaso’s comments and focuses on talking with Maria
Clara
- Padre Damaso then goes overboard with the comments by mentioning Ibarra’s father
and Ibarra ends up losing self-control and charging at him.
- Ibarra starts talking about what Padre Damaso did to his father and he also grabs a
knife
- Maria Clara was able to calm Ibarra down and prevented him from commiting a crime.

“Ang mga Bali-Balita (Gossip)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-35-comments
Summary
After the incident where Ibarra punched Padre Damaso there was gossip about it.

After the incident, all sorts of fake news started spreading, rumors said that padre damaso’s
face was bloody, some said that padre damaso couldn’t breathe and the worst rumor was that
padre damaso was dead! While some people were happy that ibarra defended his father’s honor
others weren’t.
kapitana maria- She was delighted that ibarra decided to defend his father’s honor.
kapitana tinay- She’s worried that her son won’t become a doctor anymore.
sister rufa- Ibarra had lost his honor and reputation.

“Unang mga epekto (The ﬁrst effect)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-36-the-ﬁrst-cloud
Summary
Maria Clara is sad that she can’t get married/see ibarra anymore.

1. ekskomunyon- pagkakatiwalag sa simbahan
2. dalisay- puro/tapat
3. mag-abuloy- magbigay
4. mapatahan- mapatigil sap ag-iyak
5. magdalang tao- mabuntis
> excommunicate
> Pure/honest
> to give/ donate
> To stop crying
>pregnant

Chapter 36: EKSKOMUNIKADO (excommunicate)
kalagayan kung saan itiniwalag o itinatakwil mula sa kinabibilangang relihiyon.
it is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend or limit
membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it.

- The marriage of Ibarra and Maria clara was postponed by Padre damaso, because if the
wedding wasn’t postponed kapitan tiago would be punished by the heavens and earths.
- Kapitan tiago was worried because he thinks he owes ibarra 50,000
- Maria clara was crying and kapitan tiago told her to not be sad because padre damaso
has some relative that will come and be Maria clara’s boyfriend.
- The town was a mess when the kapitan heneral came.
- Maria clara doesn’t care who arrived, she is crying because she can’t talk to Ibarra
because of the ekskomunyon.

“Ang Kapitan Heneral (The captain general)”
litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-37-his-excellency
Summary
The captain general is here and he plans to help ibarra with his plans, like he supports
ibarra’s decisions and doesn’t mind the excommunication and hopes to get rid of it.
P.s. he insulted padre damaso >:D

Chapter 37: the gobernador heneral
the governor-general is the governor who is generally high-ranking, or the principal
governor who is higher-ranking than the "ordinary" governor. he is the leader of the
personnel under him.
- enforcer of royal decrees and laws from spain
- Appointment and removal of officers and staff other than those appointed by the kings
- administrator of all government offices and tax collection

Chapter 37: the gobernador heneral
- declaration of war or peace with other countries in the east
- ambassador and receiver of ambassadors from various countries in the east
- manager of the paciﬁc islands that were then part of the philippines
- commander-in-chief of the armed forces

Everyone (the priests, important ppl, etc.) were waiting outside the hall to pay their
respects to the captain general. padre sibyla entered ﬁrst followed by padre salvi, padre
martin, and other friars, then later on maria clara and kapitan tiago. When the captain
general asked for padre damaso, the other priests said that he was sick so he wasn’t there.
After the captain general insults padre damaso, he tells the others to leave so he can have
a conversation with ibarra. When the priests saw ibarra they looked at him coldly and
didn’t say anything. Ibarra also saw kapitan tiago and maria clara but they just stared
at each other.

the captain general commended ibarra for his efforts to help the town like building a
school, he also tells ibarra that he will talk to the archbishop to have the
excommunication rescinded. he then talks to the mayor telling him to help ibarra with
his plans and to make something like this won’t happen again. (the excommunication).
After the conversation the captain general tells the mayor that he wants to go on a tour
around the city. ibarra went to maria clara’s room but she didn’t respond, later on her
friends tell him to meet her at the theater later night.

“Ang prusisyon (The procession)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-38-the-procession
Summary
There was a procession; ibarra dislikes how the guards abuse their power; maria clara was
singing a sad song because she is still heartbroken over ibarra

1. debosyon- pananalig
2. karosa - mga karwahe o sasakyang pinaglalagyan ng rebulto
3. malamyos- malambing
4. balisa- lito; naguguluhan
5. nakasupalpal- nakalagay sa bibig
> devotion/faith
> Float (the one u see at parades)
> gentle/ sweet
> Anxious/ confused
> i am not sure what this is but i think
it’s something you put in the mouth

Chapter 38: Prusisyon (procession)
ang prusisyon ay isang mahalagang bahagi ng pagsamba ng mga katoliko. sa prusisyon,
inililibot ang mga inukit na larawan ng mga santo at santa na gagayakan (lalagyan
ng dekorasyon) nang maganda.
the procession was an integral part of Catholic worship. in the procession, carved images
of saints and saints are adorned beautifully.

during the night they brought their ﬂoats that had images of many different saints.
Starting with san juan bautista, then san francisco, santa maria magdalena then
ending with San diego’s. (processions are practiced in the philippines till present day)
In the procession you have to fall in line and there were guards who were keeping things
in line, however ibarra noticed that even if everyone was in line following the order,
the guards would still hit people (they basically abused their power as guards) and this
bothered him a lot so he talked to the alkalde about it.

When the procession had reached towards capitan tiago’s house they could hear someone
singing a sad song called "ave maria" by gounod with the accompaniment of the piano.
maria clara was singing this song because she was still very heartbroken. Since Ibarra is
an excommunicate he isn’t supposed to be allowed in the procession but because the
captain general supports him, he was not only allowed to attend, no one else can like
touch him or do anything about it.

“Si Donya Consolacion (Donya consolacion)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-39-dona-consolacion
Summary
In this chapter we meet donya consolacion, the wife of the alperes

Chapter 39: facts about Donya consolacion
> she likes to wear thick/heavy make-up (mostly lipstick)
> She speaks spanish so people won’t know that she is a filipino. (she looks down on filipinos)
> She was a former laundress (labandera)
> She is the wife of the alperes
> She and the alperes are always fighting
> They don’t care if they fight in public and hurt each other

To be honest, the alperes didn't love donya consolacion but she faked a pregnancy
claiming that the alperes was the father so in the end he married her even if he didn't
want to.
since donya consolacion used to be a labandera, she wasn't super pretty or anything so
the alperes kept her in the house, and since she was bored she called a guard to bring sisa
in and spoke to the guard in spanish and have him translate it into tagalog for sisa to
understand.

She had sis be her entertainer by singing and dancing. Sisa sang a song called
"Kundiman ng Gabi" and after donya consolacion listened to it she was super touched
and this action ended up revealing that she could actually speak and understand
tagalog. Sisa stopped singing and the guard was shocked because they thought donya
consolacion was a true spaniard. So donya consolacion was super embarrassed about this
and sent the guard away, she then closed the doors and continued ordering sisa to do
things in spanish.

Whenever sisa stopped singing or dancing, donya consolacion would get a whip and
whipped sisa’s feet till they bleed.
Donya consolacion was known for a brutal personality, she was always cursing and being
negative and heartless because even if sisa is already known to be crazy she didn't care
and still used sisa as her entertainer.

“Ang karapatan at Lakas (Right and Might)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-40-right-and-might
Summary
People were watching a show, Don Felipo wants to resign but cant, Padre Salvi is a creep. The
guards attack musicians for no reason and ended up getting thrown rocks at.
(Padre Salvi is a serious weirdo)

It was 10pm when the ﬁreworks were set off, Don Filipo wanted to resign but the mayor
wouldn't allow it. Don Filipo and Pilosopong Tasio were chatting, until Maria Clara and
her friends came. The priests also came and instead of watching the show, padre Salvi just
stared at Maria Clara. When Ibarra arrived, Padre Salvi got annoyed and approached Don
Filipo asking him to kick Ibarra off the premises, but Don Filipo said no because Ibarra
did nothing wrong and actually helped out a lot.

Ibarra then left for a while because he forgot something, while he was gone two civil
guards approached Don Filipo asking him to stop the show because this dude and his wife
couldn't sleep. When Don Filipo refused to do their request, the guards started attacking
the musicians and disrupted the show. People got frightened and Don Filipo's men had to
try to dispute everything, when the people found out what actually happened, they threw
stones at the guards. To calm the people more, Don Filipo asks for Ibarra's help, who in
turn asks Elias for help.

This wasn’t included
in teacher’s ppt but I
just thought you guys
should know how
much of a creep padre
salvi is.

“Ang dalawang senyora (the two visitors)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-41-two-visitors
Summary
Because of the incident, Ibarra couldn’t sleep that night so he stayed up preparing
medicine in his laboratory. The next day he had two visitors.

Visitor 1: Elias
Reason of visit:
- Wants to inform Ibarra that Maria Clara is
sick
- Wants to say goodbye because he is going to
batangas
- Went to see if Ibarra still needed anything
Notes:
- Ibarra feels like its his fault Maria Clara is sick
Visitor 2: Lucas
Reason of Visit:
- Wants to get money from Ibarra because
of the death of his brother (yellow man)
Notes:
- Ibarra is annoyed because Lucas keeps
harassing him for the money
- Ibarra’s dad was the reason that Lucas’ dad
is dead and Lucas blames ibarra for it
because “the same blood ﬂows in him”

“Ang Mag-asawang De Espadaña (the-de-espadanas)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-42-the-de-espadanas
Summary
In this chapter we meet donya victorina and her fake doctor husband

People who visited maria clara while
she was sick:
- Donya Victorina
- Don Tiburcio
- Alfonso Linares
- Padre salvi (but a bit later than the rest)
First impressions of Donya Victorina:
- She looks european
- Is 45 years old
- Dreams of marrying a foreigner which is why
she got married at an old age.
- She looks down on her fellow ﬁlipinos

When They got married, donya victorina had a sign
made outside their house that says “"Dr. De Espadana
Espesyalista sa Lahat ng Uri ng Sakit" which means a
doctor who specializes in all sicknesses, Although the
truth is her husband is a fake doctor who never
actually studied in medical school.

“Mga Panukala (Plans)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-43-plans
Summary
Padre damaso comes to see maria clara because he worried about her (remember, he is her real father).
Padre Salvi is jealous of linares. Lucas went to Padre Salvi but got driven away in the end.

Later on, Padre Salvi also came and Linares asked him where padre damaso was because he
had something important to say to him. don tiburcio treated maria clara and prescribed
her medicines. Meanwhile Linares was looking at maria clara fondly and padre salvi got
jealous because of this. padre damaso came with a trace of sadness and concern on his
face for maria clara, he then burst into tears when he saw maria clara which made her
very confused wondering why padre damaso was caring so much. Padre Damaso went
outside to cry because he was super worried, not knowing that Linares and Donya
Victorina had followed him.

Linares introduced himself to padre damaso. he is said to be the nephew of padre damaso's
brother -in -law carlico. HE also came to look for a job and ﬁnd a wife. After hearing
that Padre Damaso started thinking seriously and started murmuring “a wife..a wife..
Come with me young man, let us talk to santiago And with that the sadness from padre
damaso’s face was gone. Meanwhile lucas approached padre salvi, telling him about how
ibarra had evicted him when he went to ibarra asking for donations for his dead brother.
After hearing this Padre salvi knew that Lucas was just pretending and drove him away
immediately.

Padre Salvi: What do you want
Lucas: I am the brother of victim from the incident last time, I went to Mr. Ibarra the
other day, but he kicked me and sent me away, because he almost died because of my
brother, I came back yesterday, but he was already sick of it, so he left 500 pesos for me,
and sternly told me not to come back.
Padre Salvi: go home, and thank Mr. Ibarra, because he did not imprison you. Get lost!

“ang pangungumpisal (The confession)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-44-an-examination-of-conscience
Summary
They make maria clara do a confession hoping she will get stronger and healed if she does,
while praying to saints and everything for her erecovery.

Chapter 44: Terms
Pangungumpisal- a statement or acknowledgment, whether publicly or privately
concerning one's beliefs or about one's sins. it is a way for catholics to have their sins
forgiven and be reconciled to god with the help of priests.
Communion- belief that the bread and wine have become the true body of Christ that
must be performed in remembrance of Christ.

- maria clara recovered from illness after confessing. the girl is delirious and says nothing
but her mother's name.
- Tiya isabel and Kapitan tiago prayed and begged many virgins and saints for maria clara's
quick improvement. the kaptain promised to offer a golden cane to the Birhen of antipolo
for the body of maria clara to get stronger.
- Padre Damaso wanted to move maria clara to a far away place but kapitan tiago disagreed
saying how this will make maria clara feel worse.

- Capitan tiago told them that maria clara’s sickness was because of all the incidents
since the ﬁesta, while padre salvi was rambling on about how it is a good thing that
ibarra isn’t allowed to see maria clara anymore, and donya victorina claims that Don
Tiburcio already healed maria clara.
- padre salvi ignored Donya victorina’s statement and then turned to the captain and
said that the sick need to receive communion to be healed.

- He also said he’d come back in the evening for maria clara’s re-confession. Tiya Isabel
was satisﬁed while reading the Ten Commandments, however maria clara kept on crying
which puzzled tiya isabel.
- Padre Salvi came back to get Maria Clara’s confession, listening and looking closely to
discover hidden thought or feelings.
- After hearing Maria Clara’s Confession, Padre Salvi was super pale and sweaty and this
surprised Tiya Isabel.

“ang mga Api (The Oppressed)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-45-the-persecuted
Summary
We meet pablo, a rebel who has helped elias in the past and ﬁnd out his backstory.

Elias went to the mountains to look for an old man who had helped him a few months before. The
man was named Pablo, who was also a rebel hiding from the spanish government. Elias was trying
to persuade pablo to change and quit being a rebel but pablo refused. Pablo said that if one of them
wanted to change, it would be elias and not him, because he bears the burden of what happened to
his children. Elias believed that Ibarra was like a hope to them to get their revenge and other stuff.
Reasons why they became rebels:
Elias- WAnts to look for the family that tortured his ancestors
Pablo- wants revenge for his children

Backstory of pablo:
He had two sons and a daughter
-his daughter was raped by a priest (padre damaso). the priest is very inﬂuencial so no one
would believe the brothers if they reported the rape. so one of the brothers went to the
convent regularly to gather evidence, then one time there was a robbery that happened and
the priests framed the brother and publicly tortured him to death. So pablo only has one
child left that was still unharmed, this last brother once forgot to bring his "cedula" so
the civil guards captured him, and he killed himself.
cedula= passport/ identiﬁcation / proof that you aren’t a rebel

“Ang mga sabungan (The Cockpit)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-46-the-cockpit
Summary
Lucas scams people

The cockpit in San diego is divided into 3:
1. Entrance (Pasukan)- this is guarded by a woman who charges the entrance fee; this is
also where you see the vendors.
2. Ulutan - This is where you make bets and watch the ﬁghts.
3. Ruweda - This is where the actual ﬁghts happen, In this area we can see the people with
high ranking positions (senate and rich people)
People in the cockpit: Captain Pablo, Captain Basilio, and Lucas

The 2 captains bet against each other, People in the cockpit are mixed, rich poor etc.
Meanwhile Lucas was ﬂexing his money by shaking the money pouch, he overheard 2
brothers talking, one of the brothers went on how it was the others fault that they had
nothing to bet on now, since they had bet all their possessions away. Lucas then
approached them saying how he knew them and how their father died. Bruno then tries
to borrow money from him. Lucas then tells them that the money isn't his but rather
given to him by Ibarra. He then tells them that Ibarra is leading a rebellion and tries
to recruit them.

While Bruno immediately said yes, Tarsilo was reluctant because they had a sister,
but in the end tarsilo was forced by bruno to go along with lucas. Bruno was
conﬁdent in Ibarra because Ibarra had the captain general’s support (note that
ibarra isn’t planning a rebellion, this is just lucas manipulating them) He also
tells them that he will give them thirty pesos each if they organize an attack on the
barracks. He tells them this money is coming from Ibarra, who will come the
following night to deliver weapons. In two days, Lucas says, he himself will meet
them in the cemetery to give them their ﬁnal instructions.

“Dalawang Donya (Two Ladies)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-47-two-ladies
Summary
Donya Victorina and Donya Consolacion ﬁght.

Donya Victorina and Don Tiburcio were touring around the area where the
"indios" lived. Donya Victorina also started like looking down on them/ the
area and publicly insulting them. There were some teenage girls who ignored
Donya Victorina's comments and after that her husband was like telling her to
go home instead but she wouldn't do that. Then Donya Consolacion stared out of
her window and looked at Donya Victorina from head to toe and spit.

dialogue
Donya v: Why are you looking at me like that? are you jealous?
Donya C: *sarcastically* ah yes I am very jealous of your curly hair.
Donya C: *insults Don tiburcio for being limp*
Donya V: *tries to go in Donya C's house but gets blocked by the guard*
Donya V: Talking to you lowers my reputation, why will you wash my clothes? I will sue
you, I heard you used to be a labandera (Laundress).

Donya C then brought her whip and tried to hit Donya V but wasn't able to do so
because her husband the Alperes arrived. All the onlookers were waiting for the girlﬁght to
happen but it never happened because Padre Salvi arrived and stoPped them from ﬁghting.
After that Donya V and Don Tiburcio left.
dialogue
Donya V: UGH let’s go and tell this to the captain general, this is all your fault because you
aren't a man.
Don Tiburcio: I am a limp.
Donya V: You need to challenge him using a revolver or smth....

Don Tiburcio then tells her how he hasn't gotten access to firearms yet, which results
to the conversation being unfinished with Donya V taking her frustrations out on Don
Tiburcio and she steps and break his dentures and leaves angrily, while Don Tiburcio is on a
verge of tears. They went to Kapitan Tiago's house and find Linares and Maria Clara and
some of her friends there, then Donya V announced that they were going back to Manila
and they were going to leave Linares to challenge the Alperes because if not kapitan Tiago
will find out how they lied to him. Linares then tells her to calm down because she is
making a scene and that is embarrassing.

Kapitan Tiago then arrives all sad because he lost the gamble and Donya V immediately
complains about what happened with Donya C earlier. She tells him that Linares will
challenge the Alperes and if not she'll not allow Linares' marriage to Maria Clara. Upon
hearing this news for the ﬁrst time, Maria Clara becomes very pale.
dialogue
Maria Clara’s friends: Oh I didn’t know you were a two timer, what about Ibarra?
Maria Clara: Please escort me to my room, I don’t think I can walk there.

“Ang Talinghaga (The Enigma)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-48-an-enigma
Summary
Ibarra isn’t excommunicated anymore.

Ibarra is no longer excommunicated so he goes to capitan tiago's house to tell
them the great news. The archbishop is higher rank than the priests and since the
archbishop forgave ibarra already, he is no longer excommunicated. He was super
excited to tell maria clara about the news, so he went to the balcony where they were.
However, he was shocked to see a young man who he didn’t recognise with maria
clara and he became very jealous and sad. He then left their house, he wandered on
aimlessly till he reached the area of his school.

He was greet by nol Juan who updated him on the news about the building of the
school. Ibarra tells him about how he isn’t excommunicated anymore and Nol Juan
simply says how it’s alright because they’ve all been excommunicated in the past.
Ibarra saw Elias among the workers and asks nol juan to bring the records of the
workers. While nol juan goes to do that, elias tells Ibarra to go to the lake later
afternoon because he had something important to tell ibarra. Nol Juan then comes
back with the records and ibarra searches for elias’ name, only that it wasn’t there.

“Ang tinig ng mga api (The voice of the persecuted)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-49-voice-of-the-persecuted
Summary
Ibarra and Elias’ conversation

Elias’ view:
- wants “radical” reforms in the church, government, and military
- sees the Civil Guard as essentially a terrorizing force and argues that the government pushes
honest people into becoming criminals.
- feels that the harshness of the Civil Guard prevents people from repenting for former crimes,
giving them no other choice than to continue a life of crime.
- wants a change in the management system of the priests

Ibarra’s View:
- is reluctant to agree that such radicalism is necessary. Instead, he sees the faults in these systems as “a
necessary evil,” and worries that change will only make things worse.
- thinks that giving the civil guard less power would only lead to more crime, despite its corruption.
-argues that Filipinos should be grateful to Spain and the colonial government for exposing them to
Christianity and civilization.
- Believes that the people are indebted to the priests

“Ang mga kaanak ni elias (Elias’ family)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-50-elias-s-family
Summary
Elias tell ibarra about his family’s past

Elias’ Grandfather:
- was a bookkeeper who was accused of burning the place, was publicly beaten. He then went with his pregnant
wife and child to the mountains, after finding out that his second child didn’t make it he hangs himself in
front of his first child.
Elias’ Grandmother:
- Worked as a prostitute in order to eat money, went with her husband to the mountains, gave birth to second
child who dies, gets arrested for not reporting her husband’s death. Was pregnant again so they waited till the
baby was out before they whipped her as punishment. She flees with her 2 children and lived in the woods.

Older Son:
- Became an infamous bandit, after a while got caught, killed and had his body cut into pieces.
Younger Son:
= Was a good child who lived with his mom, After a while found his dead mother’s body under a tree with
her gaze focused on his dead brother’s decapitated head hanging in a basket from the tree. After that
incident he goes to a new town and starts a new life, falls in love with this woman. When they try to get
married, the son’s family history gets exposed and his ﬁancee’s father sends him to prison.

Younger son’s wife (aka elias’ mom):
- Was pregnant with twins while her lover was sent to prison and gave birth to elias and his twin sister.
Younger Son’s wife’s father (Aka Elias’ grandfather, mom side):
- Sends the younger son to prison, raised the twins, gives them a super luxurious childhood because he is rich.
He also tells the twins that their father is dead even if he was actually working as a servant for the family.
After Elias’ ﬁnds out the truth and renounced his inheritance, the grandfather dies out of shame.
Elias’ twin:
- Stabs herself then drowns herself in a lake after losing her ﬁance to another woman.

“Mga Pagbabago (the changes)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-51-changes
Summary
The sudden character changes:
- Padre SAlvi suddenly kind to Ibarra
- MC is happy that Ibarra isn’t excommunicated anymore
-Ibarra is sad that MC is going to marry Linares

Contents of the letter donya victorina sent linares:
Dearest cousin,
I must know within 3 days if you are challenging the Alperes yet.
when the deadline is over, I will let captain tiago know that you are not a
secretary, that general martinez did not join in any party and that you
are not fooling canovas. I will tell Maria your secret and I will not give
you any money. However if you challenge the alperes i will give you
everything you want. I will not accept your apology or excuse.
Your cousin who loves you with her whole heart,
Victorina de los reyes de españa.

Linares was anxious and he lost his temper after Donya Victorina sent him a letter. linares
knows that donya victorina is not joking, there was no other way but to challenge the
alperes. He then thought to himself, “But how?? Who will support me? Who will be my sponsor?
Damn the day I listen to advice from that jerk! Who commanded me to be arrogant and lie?
Sigh what will maria clara think of me?” While he was thinking, padre salvi came with a
strange grin on his face, he told linares and captain tiago how it has been conﬁrmed that
ibarra is no longer excommunicated. Upon hearing this, Linares turned pale, while the 3 were
having the conversation, they didn’t know that maria clara had been listening all along.

dialogue
Padre S: now I have met Mr. Ibarra is a good young man so only abruptly act but quickly ﬁll in his
shortcomings. If it weren't for Padre Damaso …
Linares: What if padre damaso can’t forgive him?
Padre S: well then ... maria clara will take care of it. Padre damaso is her father…spiritually, But I think
they will come to an understanding.”
At that moment, Ibarra came along with Tiya Isabel. He was welcomed by padre salvi with immense
joy, which confused ibarra.

Later on he approached sinang (Mc’s maid) and took her to the corner of the living room.
Dialogue
I: is Maria Clara mad at me?
S: I don’t know, she is always crying and saying that it's better if you forget about her. captain tiago
and padre damaso want her to marry linares even if maria doesn't. When I told her that you might be
already dating someone else, she responded with “well that even better”. Then she just continues to cry.
I: please can you let me meet up with her privately?
S: Okay sure, tomorrow you can come but you have to keep it a secret.

“Ang Baraha ng Patay at mga anino (the people in the cemetery)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-52-the-card-of-the-dead-and-the-shadows
Summary
Lucas and Elias gamble to see who can gamble with the dead ﬁrst, elias loses. After leaving
He frames Lucas to being him because he was being hunted down by civil guards.

The breeze was cold and the night was dark, indicating that December was approaching. While three
shadows are talking at the door of the tomb …
Dialogue
Dude 1: have you spoken to Elias?
Dude 3: Nope, but he's with us because he's indebted to Mr. Ibarra.
Dude 1: I came because my wife was treated by Mr. Ibarra in Manila. I will attack the convent to take revenge
on the priest.
Dude 3: We're going to attack the barracks to say our father has a son.
Dude 2: Five of us will attack, that's enough. Ibarra has organized twenty people to take part in the raid.

The conversation stopped when they heard someone coming. They even saw a shadow following. Upon
reaching the door, the new dude was greeted by the 3 dudes. The new dude tells them “Let's split up
because I'm being followed. Take the arms tomorrow, and at night the siege. You will shout: "Long
live Mr. Ibarra!" you must leave now”. the three dudes disappeared behind the walls. The new dude
waited in the corner of the doorway. In a while the second shadow came and met the new dude.
Aaaaaaaa this is so confusing right? So basically, dude 1 and 3 are bruno and tarsilo, dude 2 is
unidentiﬁed. “New dude” is Lucas and the second shadow is Elias. Hope it helped.

Dialogue
Elias: What are you waiting for here?
Lucas: I'm waiting until eight o'clock at night to get the dead man's cards. I want to win money tonight.
and you, what is your purpose?
Elias: Ah! same reason
Lucas: Good and I will have a companion. When the clock strikes 8, I will play. the one who moves the card is the
card of the dead, and must be taken by bet. Do you have any cards?
Then Lucas remembered that the dead didn’t gamble with 2 people, so they arranged for them to gamble ﬁrst to
ﬁnd out who should leave.

the two entered and sat down in a tomb. The first one rubbed a match and they looked at each other. but their
faces declare that they do not know each other. The first one was lucas, last was elias. Elias later lost the gamble
so he left first. Later on, two civil guards came after talking to lucas they carried on. a few more moments
and elias came. the civil guards brought him into the light to identify.
Dialogue
guards: Have you seen elias?
Lucas: No sir, I do not know him
Upon hearing elias’ words, the guards hurried back to arrest lucas.
Dialogue
Guards: Where are you going?
Elias: I'm chasing the man with the scar on his face. His name is elias
and he beat my brother up. (note that lucas has a scar on his face)

“Ang Mabuting Araw ay makikilala sa umaga (the advancement of a good morning )”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-53-il-buon-di-si-conosce-da-mattina
Summary
People speculate about the evening before and Don ﬁlipo talks to Pilosopo Tasio

The next day, there were many speculation about the light in the tomb seen during the previous
night. But when a child told them that it was just someone who had rubbed a match on the
grave, no one believed him.
Testimonials:
1. Puno ng mga manang - They saw candles lit inside the tomb
2. Hermana Sepa - Heard wailing and sobbing even if it was far from home
3. Hermana Rufa - Souls came to her seeking for help through the indulgence
Symbolism: These are the mysteries that religion can accomplish

Don Filipo visited and talked to Pilosopo Tasyo about the mayor's acceptance of Don
Filipo's resignation. Pilosopo tasyo was bedridden and sick, Don Filipo asked if he
needed medicine. Pilosopo tasyo replied that he no longer needed the medicine, and
that those who need it are the sick. The old man had a request and that was to have
Ibarra come to him.

“Lahat ng Lihim ay Nabubunyag (All Secrets Are Revealed)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-54-quid-quid-latet
Summary
ELias warns ibarra about the plots to frame him, and ﬁnds out something that could
change his way of viewing ibarra forever.

Dialogue
E: I know of a conspiracy, you must burn all of your papers and correspondences. There could be words that will
be taken and used against you.
I: A conspiracy?? Who will take the blame?
E: From what I’m told, they plot to frame you for it.
I: My God! :O
E: Yes, we must act now for it happens tonight, you must leave, for the sake of you and your people.
I: Where do I go? Tonight Maria Clara is waiting for me.
E: anywhere but here, go to the house of someone powerful to prove that you were with them and no where near
the plotting here.

Dialogue
I: Can I sue the conspirators?
E: They will just say that you were their ringleader.
I: What do I do???
E: Burn all your papers and other stuff that might incriminate you, after that, just wait.
ELias was helping Ibarra burn all the papers when he came across one that caught his eye.
Dialogue
E: Does your family know G. Eibarramendia?
I: Of course! He is my great-grandfather.

Dialogue
E: And.. you grandfather is Don Pedro Eibarramendia?
I: Yep, our last name is too long so we abbreviated it to ‘Ibarra’
E: Was he from Viscaya?
I: Yes, why what’s wrong?
E: Do you know who Don Pedro Eibarramendia is? He was the traitor who blamed my grandfather and caused our
family’s misfortune ... I have been looking for that surname for a long time and now God has given it to me.
Enraged, Elías runs to Ibarra’s weapon collection. About to charge Ibarra with daggers, Elías came to his senses,
saying, “What was I about to do?” before running out of the house.

“Ang Kapahamakan (the catastrophe)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-55-catastrophe
Summary
The plan to frame ibarra has been put into action. After the shooting, Ibarra had been
arrested by the civil guards and they also burnt his house down.

They were having dinner in Kapitan Tiago’s house. Maria Clara refused to have dinner because she
did not want to be in contact with Linares. While they were waiting for Ibarra to come, Padre
Salvi was behind them looking at Maria Clara. Ibarra ﬁnally arrived at 8:00pm, looking very
sad, wearing pitch black clothing. Just then, they heard shots from outside and were scared. The
guests hid inside a room whilst Padre Salvi hid behind a pillar. Instead of hiding, Ibarra went
back home. When the gunﬁre ended, Alperes told Padre Salvi to go down. In the tribunal, Alperes
can be heard ordering the Kapitan to not lose track of the robbers.

When Ibarra got home, he went to his cabinets and put jewels, money, writings, and a picture
of Maria Clara in his suitcase. He wielded a dagger and two revolver. But just as he was about
to leave, he heard a loud bang on his door. It was the voice of a Spanish soldier. He dropped his
gun and opened the door. Following this, he was arrested and taken away by the soldiers.
Meanwhile, Elias was troubled whether or not to go back to Ibarra’s house because he had
ﬂashbacks of what happened to his family tree.

When he went to Ibarra’s house, he realized what had happened to Ibarra and pretended to
leave but he just turned around and went to Ibarra’s room through the windows. He saw all
the things Ibarra left behind such as the jewelry, writings, and the revolver, he kept the
revolver and burned the rest of the stuff that ibarra wasn’t able to get rid of in time. After
that the guards came back and lit the house on ﬁre and elias escaped through the window.

“Mga Pala-palagay (the assumptions)”
https://www.litcharts.com/lit/noli-me-tangere/chapter-56-what-is-said-and-what-is-believed
Summary
This was the day after the disaster, Ibarra is now in prison and Lucas is dead. There are also
many rumors going around.

The citizens of San Diego were horriﬁed by last night’s chaos. The roads where the event had
taken place were empty. The windows were closed and when someone did open their windows,
other would follow this suit. Gradually, the streets started becoming crowded again; many
different news have been spread, some were:
- Maria Clara was allegedly to be abducted by Ibarra, but Captain Tiago prevented it with the help
of the civil guard
- There were not 14 people who died but 30.
- Captain Tiago was wounded so he and his family will be evacuated to Manila.

Noli Me Tangere - English Summary

Noli Me Tangere - English Summary

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