3. 3
Mobile Computing System
• Mobile Computing System mean Wireless
communication and its applications are generic
technology that refers to numerous devices that are
supportable to access transmitted data like voice,
video, and text any time and any where over the
wireless network infrastructure and in which to
include mobile communication, mobile hardware,
and mobile software and this react as human-
computer interaction. Cause of these has improved
the quality of our lives.
4. 4
Application of Mobile Computing
• Mobile business intelligence
• Mobile games
• Mobile Marketing
• Social Networking
5. 5
Mobile Applications Development
Mobile application development is the process
by which applications are developed for small low-
power handheld devices such as personal digital
assistants, enterprise digital assistants or mobile
phones. These applications are either pre-installed on
phones during manufacture, or downloaded by
customers from app stores and other mobile software
distribution platforms.
8. 8
How is it done?
• Mobile software is developed by using different platforms
and programming languages based on the target mobile
device. There are many different hardware components
found in mobile devices so their applications are
developed using different software architectures.
• Most of the methodologies in use are based on the
model-driven approach which has three different views of
the application development process: (1) the application
itself and its structure, (2) the business logic and (3) the
graphical user interface of the application.
9. 9
Weapons of Mobile Development
• Hardware
✓ Computers
✓ Mobile Phones
• Framework
• Programming Language
• Integrated Development Environment
• Compiler
• Simulator
• Monitors
11. 11
iOS (Apple)
• Apple’s iPhone set the standard for the new generation of
smartphones when it was first released in June 2007 with its
touchscreen and direct manipulation interface. There was no native
SDK until February of 2008 (Apple initially planned to provide no
support for third-party apps).
• The iOS lineage started with NeXTSTEP, an object-oriented
multitasking OS from the late eighties developed by NeXT Computer
(acquired by Apple in 1996). The world’s first web browser was
developed on NeXTSTEP and proved hugely influential in the
formative years of HTML.
• The main programming language for iOS is Objective C. Development
is done through Xcode IDE which has an in-built iOS simulator.
13. 13
Android
• Based on the Linux kernel, Android started life as a proposed
advanced operating system for digital cameras until the company
realized that the market was limited compared to that for mobile
phones.
• The Open Handset Alliance unveiled the Android operating system
in 2007, nearly two years after Google’s acquisition of Android.
• (The launch of Google’s foray into the mobile world was delayed
by the launch of the iPhone which radically changed consumers’
expectations of what a smartphone should do.)
14. 14
Android
• Programming Language: Java
• Integrated Development Environment:
Eclipse/Netbeans
• FrameWork: Dalvik VM
• Hardware Deployment: Android Only
• Installer Packaging Options: .apk
• Development Tool Cost
15. 15
• Originally named BBX, BlackBerry 10 is based on the QNX microkernel
operating system whose parent company RIM acquired in 2010.
• BlackBerry 10 uses a system of gestures and touches which is
supposed to make physical buttons unnecessary for core functions
(e.g. a ‘back’or ‘home’button).
• The OS also has an Android runtime layer so that Android apps can be
packaged and distributed on the BlackBerry platform. (The latest
versions even allow the direct download of apps via Google Play.)
• Native application development utilises an API library in C and a
Native API in C/C++ though you can eschew C++ coding through the
WebWorks framework (HTML5 and JS), Adobe AIR or Java itself.
BlackBerry 1.0
16. 16
BlackBerry
• Programming Language: Java
• Integrated Development Environment: JDE -
BlackBerry Java Development Environment
• FrameWork: Dalvik VM
• Hardware Deployment: Android Only
• Installer Packaging Options: .alx, .cod
17. 17
Windows Phone 8
• The second generation of the Windows Phone operating system uses
the same Metro interface but has an updated architecture based on
the Windows NT kernel (like Windows 8) rather than Windows CE
(which was used as the basis for Windows Phone 7).
• You can develop for Windows Phone 8 only on a system running
Windows 8 – using Visual Studio 2012 as an IDE. You’re allowed to
choose between XAML, Direct3D or a mixture for building UIs; you
can write C#, Visual Basic apps on top of .Net; and you can use C++ for
native code.
• Publication is less flexible. Apps need to be put through a review
process before being allowed into the store similar to iOS.
18. 18
Windows Mobile
• Programming Language: C#, VB.NET, Basic4ppc
• Integrated Development Environment: Visual
Studio 2008, 2005, 2003, Basic4ppc IDE
• FrameWork: .Net Compact Framework
• Hardware Deployment: Windows Mobiles
• Installer Packaging Options: .ota/.cab
21. 21
• Predictions about the future of mobile devices are
coming out that the popularity of applications will
peak by 2022 with around 10 million apps available
worldwide.
22. 22
Activity 1
* If you are successful Software Developer, what kind of project did you
choose and why
26. ▣ There are many things you can do online from
entertaining yourself all the way up to
completing business transactions.
27. ▣ While the internet allows many people to do
a lot from one location. We must understand
the importance of protecting our information
online to keep life running as smoothly as
possible.
28. ▣ Privacy is mainly defined as a human value
consisting of 4 rights: solitude, anonymity,
intimacy and reserve (Stamatellos 2007 pg.26)
29. ▣ SSN
▣ Bank account Numbers
▣ Credit Card Numbers
▣ Personal Health Information
These are all examples of personal data worth
protecting!
30. ▣ The biggest issue involved with
not protecting your personal
data is Identity Theft.
31. ▣ This is where unauthorized individuals use
another person’s name to receive credit
cards, driver’s licenses and various other items
in their victim’s name (Buetens 2002 )
▣ They can also sell this information on the
stolen identity black market to the highest
bidder!
32. “I have personally felt the sting of identity theft. It was a
few years ago. I believe I had done a sales transaction on
an unsecure website. A few days later,I logged into my
bank account to find various charges from various online
stores. I was devastated, and I had to go through a long
stressful process to stop it. I couldn’t use my bank account
for weeks. This was especially rough since all my money
was in one location. Identity theft can be heart wrenching,
and we should do everything we can to prevent it from
happening to ourselves.”
33.
34. ▣ There can be some serious implications to
not protecting your persona data online but
there is no reason to live in fear
▣ Use the Following steps to protect yourself
online and in the virtual universe:
35. ▣ Make sure your passwords are at least eight
characters in length (Kissell 2009)
▣ You can actually get the best protection from a
password that is at least 11 characters in length
36. ▣ Mix & Match -People often like to use names,
places, dates and other familiar things
associated with them. This can be too easy to
guess, but you can make your password
stronger by combining 2 into one. For instance,
you can could use your dog’s name and the
date you graduated together for a super strong
password (Kissell 2009)
37. ▣ There are many social websites
(Facebook,Twitter,Pinterest) that allow you to
create public profiles and add personal
information like your date of birth.
▣ Be fully aware of what you display to the world.
Identity thieves can take little bits of personal
information displayed here to eventually
access greater personal information later.
38. ▣ I often receive many emails telling me that I
have a package or I need to check my bank
account .Then will ask me to click a link in the
email.
▣ Never do this! It is often best to go directly to
the website by typing in the web address, if
you are familiar with the website such as your
bank and log in there.
39. ▣ Make sure you are in a secure section of the
website
▣ The “http://” should change to a “https://”
▣ The extra “s” stands for secure
▣ In addition, a lock or key should be represented
on the lower corner of the webpage (Buetens
2002)
40. These simple tips will help
protect your personal data
and privacy online.
41. The internet can be wonderful place
for information, growth, and
socialization. You just need to take the
proper steps to protect yourself along
the way.
Happy Surfing!
44. Many Cloud Providers
• AWS: Amazon Web Services
– EC2: Elastic Compute Cloud
– S3: Simple Storage Service
– EBS: Elastic Block Storage
• Microsoft Azure
• Google Cloud/Compute Engine/AppEngine
• Rightscale, Salesforce, EMC, Gigaspaces, 10gen, Datastax,
Oracle, VMWare, Yahoo, Cloudera
• And many many more!
3
45. Two Categories of Clouds
• Can be either a (i) public cloud, or (ii) private cloud
• Private clouds are accessible only to company employees
• Public clouds provide service to any paying customer:
– Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service): store arbitrary datasets, pay per GB-month
stored
• As of 2019: 0.4c-3 c per GB month
– Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): upload and run arbitrary OS images, pay
per CPU hour used
• As of 2019: 0.2 c per CPU hr to $7.2 per CPU hr (depending on strength)
– Google cloud: similar pricing as above
– Google AppEngine/Compute Engine: develop applications within their appengine
framework, upload data that will be imported into their format, and run
4
46. What is a Cloud?
• It’s a cluster!
• It’s a supercomputer!
• It’s a datastore!
• It’s superman!
• None of the above
• All of the above
• Cloud = Lots of storage + compute cycles nearby
5
47. What is a Cloud?
• A single-site cloud (aka “Datacenter”) consists
of
– Compute nodes (grouped into racks) (2)
– Switches, connecting the racks
– A network topology, e.g., hierarchical
– Storage (backend) nodes connected to the network
(3)
– Front-end for submitting jobs and receiving client
requests (1)
– (1-3: Often called “three-tier architecture”)
– Software Services
• A geographically distributed cloud consists of
– Multiple such sites
– Each site perhaps with a different structure and
services
6
49. “A Cloudy History of Time”
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Timesharing Companies
& Data Processing Industry
Grids
Peer to peer systems
Clusters
The first datacenters!
PCs
(not distributed!)
Clouds and datacenters
2012
8
50. “A Cloudy History of Time”
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2012 Clouds
Grids (1980s-2000s):
•GriPhyN (1970s-80s)
•Open Science Grid and Lambda Rail (2000s)
•Globus & other standards (1990s-2000s)
Timesharing Industry (1975):
•Market Share: Honeywell 34%, IBM 15%,
•Xerox 10%, CDC 10%, DEC 10%, UNIVAC 10%
•Honeywell 6000 & 635, IBM 370/168,
Xerox 940 & Sigma 9, DEC PDP-10, UNIVAC 1108
Data Processing Industry
- 1968: $70 M. 1978: $3.15 Billion
First large datacenters: ENIAC, ORDVAC, ILLIAC
Many used vacuum tubes and mechanical relays
Berkeley NOW Project
Supercomputers
Server Farms (e.g., Oceano)
P2P Systems (90s-00s)
•Many Millions of users
•Many GB per day
9
51. Trends: Technology
• Doubling Periods – storage: 12 mos, bandwidth: 9 mos,
and (what law is this?) cpu compute capacity: 18 mos
• Then and Now
– Bandwidth
• 1985: mostly 56Kbps links nationwide
• 2015: Tbps links widespread
– Disk capacity
• Today’s PCs have TBs, far more than a 1990 supercomputer
10
52. Trends: Users
• Then and Now
Biologists:
– 1990: were running small single-molecule
simulations
– Today: CERN’s Large Hadron Collider producing
many PB/year
11
54. Quiz: Where is the World’s
Largest Datacenter?
• (2018) China Telecom. 10.7 Million sq. ft.
• (2017) “The Citadel” Nevada. 7.2 Million sq. ft.
• (2015) In Chicago!
• 350 East Cermak, Chicago, 1.1 MILLION sq. ft.
• Shared by many different “carriers”
• Critical to Chicago Mercantile Exchange
• See:
– https://www.gigabitmagazine.com/top10/top-10-biggest-data-centres-world
– https://www.racksolutions.com/news/data-center-news/top-10-largest-data-centers-world/
13
55. What does a datacenter look like
from inside?
• A virtual walk through a datacenter
• Reference: http://gigaom.com/cleantech/a-rare-look-
inside-facebooks-oregon-data-center-photos-video/
14
57. Power
Off-site
On-site
•WUE = Annual Water Usage / IT Equipment Energy (L/kWh) – low is good
•PUE = Total facility Power / IT Equipment Power – low is good
(e.g., Google~1.1)
16
58. Cooling
Air sucked in from top (also, Bugzappers) Water purified
Water sprayed into air 15 motors per server bank
17
59. Extra - Fun Videos to Watch
• Microsoft GFS Datacenter Tour (Youtube)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hOxA1l1pQIw
• Timelapse of a Datacenter Construction on the Inside
(Fortune 500 company)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujO-xNvXj3g
18
60. Summary
• Clouds build on many previous generations of distributed
systems
• Especially the timesharing and data processing industry of
the 1960-70s.
• Need to identify unique aspects of a problem to classify it as
a new cloud computing problem
– Scale, On-demand access, data-intensive, new programming
• Otherwise, the solutions to your problem may already exist!
19
63. Agenda
• What are video games?
• What are video games genres?
• How big is the game industry to date?
• How to develop a video game from start to finish?
• What are the roles in the video games industry ?
• What is the career path for every team member?
• How to get into the video games industry?
• References
64. What are video games?
• A video game refers to any interactive content played by
electronically manipulating images produced by any computer
program or application on any display.
• Mobile & Tablet Games
• Web Games
• Console Games
• PC Games.
65. What is the difference?
• Interactivity is what makes games differ from movie and other art
forms.
• The content of the game as a medium is what makes it differs
from other software. And obviously it is more fun.
66. What are video games genres?
• Games are often classified into genres, which purport to define
games in terms of having a common style or set of characteristics,
e.g. as defined in terms of perspective, gameplay, interaction,
objective, etc.
67. What are video games genres?
Adventure Action Action Adventure Platform
Fighting First Person Shooter
(FPS)
Real-time strategy
(RTS)
Turn-based strategy
games
Role playing games
(RPGs)
Rhythm games
(music games)
Puzzle games Traditional games
Massively
multiplayer online
Stealth games Survival horror
games
Simulation games
Racing games Sports games Educational games
68. How big is the game industry to date?
• Avatar vs GT
A 5 (Equal Revenue Generator).
• Video Game market is highest in entertainment industry (More
than Film Industry).
69. How big is the game industry to date?
• The Dark Knight
$239 million as its first week
revenue
• Grand Theft Auto 4
$500 million as its first week
revenue
70. Top 100 Countries by Game Revenues | 2015
• Totals: $91,252,478,000
• Top countries:
China: $22,227,194,000
United States: $21,962,491,000
Japan: $12,328,860,000
South Korea: $4,022,366,000
Germany: $3,654,669,000
• What about Egypt ?
#54
revenue: $95,817,000
Source: NewZoo game market research
72. How to develop a video game from start to
finish?
• Game development process
Pre-production
Production
Postproduction
Pitch
(Concept Document)
Design
Maintenance
GCD
Programming
Customer service
Project
Plan
Art
Production
Patches and updates
Prototype(proof
of concept)
Audio
Production
QA(T
esting)
75. Game Design
• Game Genre.
• Design Documents.
• The content and the rules of the game.
• Describe what the game what looks like and acts like.
• Game design is very critical and require experience and
knowledge.
76. Game Art
• Artists create all the images in a game including all the landscapes,
buildings and characters.
• 2D
Concept Art
Sprites
T
exture Art
UI Art
• 3D
Concept Art
Modeling
Texture
Animation
78. Audio
• Recording, design and editing of sound effects.
• Sound design and audio engineering are growing in importance.
• These people will produce music, sound effects, dialogue and
oversee voice performance.
79. QA
• QA means testing – from functionality and game play to
localization (testing in-game text and audio in foreign languages).
All bugs are reported, fixed and re-tested.
• QA is one of the best entry points into the industry for first-time
job seekers . Graduates may accept a role as a tester to get their
‘toe in the door’ of a studio
81. What are the roles in the video games
industry ?
• Producer
• Publisher
• Development Team
82. Producer
• May also referred to as project manager, project lead, or director.
• Internal producer working for the developer, manages the
development team, schedules, reports progress, hires and assigns
staff, and so on.
• External producer working for the publisher , oversees the
developer progress and budget.
• Producer’s responsibility includes PR, contract negotiation, liaising
between the staff and stockholders, schedule and budget
maintenance, quality assurance, beta test management, and
localization.
83. Publisher
• A video game publisher is a company publishes video games that
they have either developed internally or have hade developed by
an external video developer.
• Responsible for manufacturing and marketing, include market
research and all aspects of advertising.
85. What is the career path for every team
member?
86. How to get into the video games industry?
• Answer to this question requires answering for two questions
• What to learn or skills needed to be video game developer?
• Where to get a job in the video game industry?
87. Passion
• First you should love video games, so this is more of a passion than
a skill, but if you want to get a job as a video game designer, you
have to love playing video games.
• Hiring managers want to know that you’re big into the world of
gaming—knowing about the latest games, consoles, trends and
what constitutes a good video game.
88. What are skills you need to be video game
developer?
• Game developer needed skills
• Math
• Physics
• AI
• Very good programing Skill
• Graphics (OpenGL, XNA)
• Algorithms
• Data structure
• Problem solver
• Networking
• Game engines (Unity, Cocos2d-x,YOYO, …)
89. What skills you need to be game designer?
• Creativity
• Practicality
• Problem solving – having an
• analytical attitude
• Excellent communication skills
• Team player
90. What skills you need to be game artist?
• 2D Artists
2D paint packages (Photoshop, Painter)
2D vector graphics packages (Illustrator)
• 3D Artists And Animators
3D packages (Maya, 3DS Max, Lightwave)
Specialist 3D animation packages (e.g. Animator)
2D/traditional animation formats
Game studios Animation.
91. What skills you need to be game animator?
• 3D packages (Maya, 3DS Max, Lightwave)
• Specialist 3D animation packages (e.g. Animator)
• 2D/traditional animation formats
• Game studios Animation.
92. What skills you need to be game tester?
• Bug tracking software skills
• Excellent written and verbal communication skills
• Team player
• Attention to detail
93. What skills you need to be game audio
engineer?
• Good communication
• Attention to detail
• Knowledge of audio editing software (e.g. Soundforge)
94. Where to get a job in the video game
industry?
• Gaming company
• Indie game
95. Indie game
• Video games created by individuals or small teams generally
without video game publisher financial support. Indie games often
focus on innovation and rely on digital distribution.
• Indie gaming has seen a rise in the latter half of the 2000s decade,
primarily due to new online distribution methods and development
tools.
96. Indie game
• Some games
originated as indie
have become very
successful financially
• Braid, World of Goo,
and Minecraft.
97. Publishing you game
• Publishing video game become so simple today
• Playstore, Appstore, Xbox store,..
• Game website
• Facebook
• Online games
99. Monetizing
• Selling Content (DLC)
• Premium version –You release a light version of your game and allow users
to upgrade to the full version via an In-App Purchase.
• Worlds (visual customizations) – with this option you create and sell a
customized version of the original game by modifying the look and feel of
the game.
• Wallpapers – some users will like your game so much, they will buy a
wallpaper for their phone.
• Ringtones – if you composed an original music for your game you could sell
it in your store.
102. Monetizing
• Merchandising
• T-shirts – Your fans want to show how much they love your game? You can
sell t-shirts in your game.
• Lunch boxes – Popular Merchandising option with kids games.
• Branded cases – What could be a better match for a game then a shield for
the user smartphone.
105. Contents
What is Virtual Reality?
History
Types of Virtual Reality
Hardware used in Virtual Reality
Applications of Virtual Reality
Advantages and Disadvantages
2
106. What is Virtual Reality?
Virtual Reality means feeling the imaginary(virtual) world,
rather than the real one. The imaginary world is a simulation
running in a computer.
Virtual reality is the term used for computer generated 3D
environments that allow the user to enter and interact with
alternate realities.
The definition of ‘virtual’ is near and ‘reality’ is what we
experience as human beings.
3
107. History
More than one person has been involved in the development of
this technological system.
In 1950’s visionary cinematography Morton Heilig built a single
user console called Sensorama. This enabled the user watch
television in 3 dimensional ways.
4
108. Types of Virtual Reality
Immersive Virtual Reality
Non-Immersive Virtual Reality
Window on world Virtual Reality
5
109. •Immersive Virtual Reality
Immersive Virtual Reality
Immersion into virtual reality is a perception of being
physically present in a non-physical world.
Elements of virtual environments that increase the
immersiveness of the experience:
1. Continuity of surroundings
2. Conformance to human vision
3. Freedom of movement
4. Physical interaction
5. Physical feedback
6
111. Window on world Virtual Reality
Desktop- based Virtual Reality involves displaying a
3-dimensional virtual on regular desktop display without use of
any specialized movement tracking environment.
8
120. Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
Virtual reality creates a
realistic world.
It enables user to explore
places.
Through Virtual Reality
user can experiment with
an artificial environment.
Virtual Reality make the
education more easily and
comfort.
The equipments used in
virtual reality are very
expensive.
It consists of complex
technology.
In virtual reality
environment we cant
move by our own like in
the real world.
Disadvantages
17
123. We’veGotYou Covered
just like our products, we are always revising, testing, and evolving.
background.
Planning & Design
Implementation
Cloud
Managed Services
Network Installations Operations
Internet ofThings
2
126. $1.3T
Is projected to be the worldwide IoT market
spend in 2019
-Verizon
$2.88
$6.50
2013 2018
75.4B
IoT devices projected to dominate the market
by 2025
-IHS
w 5
250M
Vehicles will be connected to the internet by 2020
-Forbes
Canadian IoT
Market in Billions
Internet ofThings (IoT) takes typical devices to the
next level by allowing connected devices to
automatically send information
- 8.4 billion connected devices in 2017
- +20 billion in 2020
127. This is a conversation on 5G, Edge, IoT and the Public Cloud
• 5th Generation Networks (5G) the Internet ofThings (IoT), and EdgeComputing are essential
infrastructure enablers for a range of new business and technology developments:
- AutonomousVehicles
- SmartCityGrids
- E-Health
- Automated Factories
- MobileContent Streaming
- DataAnalytics
• The end goal is DigitalTransformation
w 6
128. This is a conversation on 5G, Edge, IoT and the Public Cloud
• The public cloud is great … BUT
- Cloud computing costs can grow exponentially
- Vendor “lock-in” is a risk
• 10 yrs ago Security and migration pitfalls with public clouds
• Now Clouds are safer, more scalable and agile
7
129. Example: Bridges
• Devices can track small movements and send alerts in real-time of potential structural capacity issues
without the need for a physical inspection
• Again, not only is the maintenance cost reduced but the risk of safety issues is significantly lessened
8
130. Example: Flooding
• Take the issue of flooding due to built-up silt in drainage gullies
• Today, a city would pay a contractor once or twice a year to go out and empty the gullies this is
expensive and difficult to assess the quality of work done
• Connected devices have the potential to save significant sums while improving public safety
• A sensor placed in each drainage pot tracking the level of silt build-up allows cities to immediately
target gullies that need attention vs. having to wait for annual checks
• This saves money, helps mitigate the impact of flooding and allows the whole drainage estate
to be maintained in better conditions
9
132. Low Latency is Big Business
3G 4G LTE 5G % Change
Average Data Rate 1.5 Mb/s 25 Mb/s 3 Gb/s +12,000%
Peak Data Rate 7.2 Mb/s 150 Mb/s 10 Gb/s +6,667%
Latency 100 ms 50 ms 1 ms +5,000%
Connection Density <2000 users / km2 2,000 users / km2 100,000 users / km2 +5,000%
Frequency Up to 2.1 Up to 2.5 Up to 95 +3,800%
11
134. Questions
1. Why are 5th Generation Networks Important to IoT?
2. What technologies well be advanced via the use of 5G?
3. How will 5G impact the every day consumer (YOU)?
13
135. Chiappetta Consulting.IoT and Innovation Solutions
Delay
Bandwidth Throughput
1 ms
10 ms
1,000 ms
100 ms
<1 Mb/s
w 14
>1 Gb/s
1 Mb/s 10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s
Disaster Alert
Autonomous Vehicles
Real Time Gaming Multi-person
Calls
Augmented
Reality
Virtual Reality
First Responder
Connectivity
Wireless Cloud
Based Office
Personal Cloud
Video
Streaming
136. Chiappetta Consulting.IoT and Innovation Solutions
Low Latency is Big Business
• IoT technology backed by a 5G connection contributes to the bottom line
It will reduce costs and increase revenues
• The 5G IoT market will grow at more than 50% annually to $6.285 billion by 2025
- Currently just over the $600 million mark
• A EuropeanGreen Paper on M-Health (remote health) estimated savings of 99 billion euros a year
- This equates to 7% of EU health spending
• PwC survey of 2000+ executives in 26 countries
- Potential annual digital revenue growth of 2.9%
- Revenue increases of more than 50% over 5 years
- Expect average cost savings of 3.5% a year – Equating to $493 billion a year for 5 years
15
137. Why is this important?
• The problem is, for the average consumer, 5G isn’t that thrilling
- We can accomplish almost everything we can imagine with 4G or even 3G connectivity
• BUT! For IoT –Without 5G and EdgeComputing – Network problems will arise
- This means most technological advancements – industry will come first
• 5G and Edge Computing are key enablers:
- For connecting 20 billion IoT devices
- In transferring and processing the huge volumes of data that will be generated
• That said, it’s not just about bandwidth
16
139. Questions
1. What are some examples of EdgeComputing devices?
2. Do you need 5G for EdgeComputing to be successful?
3. How do you monetize this type of technology?
18
141. Chiappetta Consulting.IoT and Innovation Solutions
Primer on Edge Computing
• “The Edge is anything that is close to the users”
- ThinkAppleTV or Alexa, or even servers across the street serving the area
• Edge computing brings cloud resources – compute, storage, and networking – closer to applications,
devices and users
• Keeping things as close to the user as possible relieves the strain on the public cloud
• iPhone security and privacy features are a good example of edge computing
- They host sensitive biometrics or encryption information on user devices rather than the cloud
- This is howApple avoids responsibility for handling user security information
20
142. Chiappetta Consulting.IoT and Innovation Solutions
AWS DeepLens
Primer on Edge Computing
• Integrates a 1080p camera with a LinuxOS
• Software allows machine learning algorithms developed inAWS to be executed directly on the device
• Rather than waiting for the device to capture send to the cloud wait for a response then return the response
• The intelligence models execute directly on the device
• This provides a near-time set of intelligence tools that can be integrated intoAPIs
21
143. Chiappetta Consulting.IoT and Innovation Solutions
Surface parking lots
and street parking
The Sensors
Precision – 25cm
Blocks
Updated every 3
seconds
Monitor all Zones
Loading zones, fire
hydrants, no
parking zones,
bicycle lanes, and
more
70-80%
In Lost Parking
Revenue
90%
Of Potential
Parking Revenue
Not Capitalized
144. Sensor implementations cost less than 0.1% of
annual lost revenue and generates $200-650k per sensor.
30% of traffic is caused by drivers searching for parking.
The average driver will waste 20 minutes a day or 3 years
of their lifetime searching for a parking space.
Annual Revenue Potential Per Spot
Parking fee per hour - $1.75
3,722 hours (12h x 6 days per week)
$6,552 in revenue potential per space, per
year
Annual Revenue Potential Under Each
Sensor
10-30 spaces per sensor
$65,000 - $200,000 in parking
revenue potential per sensor, per year
Annual Revenue Potential at Scale
30-100 spaces per sensor
$200,000 - $650,000 in
parking revenue per sensor, per year
Lost Revenue
Currently, between 70-80% of
parking fees remain unpaid
New Revenue
Over 10 Years
Lost Revenue
Over 10 Years
1
23
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
146. Questions
1. What are the main limiting factors of 4G LTE?
2. Are all IoT sensors SmartSensors?
3. What verticals are most impacted by 5G connectivity?
25
147. IoT devices can be as dumb or as smart as you want to make them
• In a production plant
- Simple sensors might collect and store data and communicate viaWi-fi
• In other scenarios IoT sensor data may need to be collected in real-time and need better networks
• With current 4G technologies, bandwidth, latency and density requirements are all limiting factors
- This would require varied instances and prevent all devices to run at once
• The goal with 4G networks is attaining sub 50 millisecond communication
- Anything >30 milliseconds will have a negative impact on performance (lag)
- 5G could bring this to sub 20 milliseconds
26
148. Why the excitement about 5G connectivity? Speed.
• 5G and Edge computing grant the ability to process transactions and store data near to the source of the
data
4G LTE 5G
Average Data Rate 25 Mb/s 3 Gb/s
Peak Data Rate 150 Mb/s 10 Gb/s
Latency 50 ms 1 ms
Connection Density 2,000 users / km2 100,000 users / km2
• 5G provides
- NetworkSlicing
- The ability to run different requirements at the same time
- The ability to configure and re-configure standard hardware for different tasks
27
149. Where 5G will really make a difference…
• Different IoT solutions have different network requirements
• AutonomousVehicles and Medical Equipment demand absolute reliability where low latency will be critical
- Edge computing is required to make the critical decision about stopping a self-driving car in time
28
151. Questions
1. How can EdgeComputing and 5G IoT help rural communities?
2. If you compute at the device do you still need 5G speeds?
3. What will have a bigger impact in the end: EdgeComputing orThe PublicCloud?
30
152. How Edge Computing will Scale the Future
• Think: +20 billion devices in 2020
- Smart Phones
- ConnectedWearables
- Vehicles
- Drones
• Suddenly, infrastructure will have to deal with a billion odd devices spread around 10,000 locations
• It’s not just about cities…
• Edge computing can also be used to bring the next billion online with smaller, more efficient localized servers in
rural communities
• Over the next 10 years – Edge Computed is predicted to have ten times the impact of what the public cloud
has had over the last 10 years
-Why? Because it can handle double the scale with many more clients per second
31
153. How Edge Computing will Scale the Future
• Edge computing devices – especially IoT devices – depend on network access to the cloud to receive machine
learning and complex event processing models
• They also need access to send sensor and status data back to the cloud
• The number of wireless sensors will continue to grow geometrically
• There will be an increase in autonomous vehicles, smart homes, and numerous other high-bandwidth low-
latency instances
• To support these devices and connectivity:
• More bandwidth is needed
• Support for more devices on the network is needed
• Greater security to protect and manage the data is needed
32
156. The term "robot" was first used in
1920 in a play called "R.U.R." Or
"Rossum's universal robots" by the
Czech writer Karel Capek.
The word “Robot”comes from the
word “Robota”,meaning,in
Czech”,forced labour,drudgery.
HISTORY
2
157. Robotics Terminology
3
Robot - Mechanical device that performs
human tasks, either automatically or by remote
control.
Robotics - Study and application of robot
technology.
Telerobotics - Robot that is operated remotely.
158. What is the Definition of a Robot?
A reprogrammable multifunctional
manipulator designed to move material,
parts, tools or specialized devices through
various programmed motions for the
performance of a variety of Tasks.
Robot Institute of America.
4
159. Asimov proposed three “Laws of Robotics”
Law 1: A robot may not injure a human being or
through inaction, allow a human being to come to
harm.
Law 2: A robot must obey orders given to it by
human beings, except where such orders would
conflict with the first law.
Law 3: A robot must protect its own existence as long
as such protection does not conflict with the first law.
5
160. Speech, Vision
Acceleration,
Temperature
Position ,Distance
Touch, Force
Magnetic field ,Light
Sound ,
PositionSense
Task planning
Plan Classification
Learn
Process data
Path planning
Motion planning
Think
6
Sense
Act
Output information Move, Speech
Text, Visuals Wheels Legs
Arms Tracks
161. Artificial intelligence is the intelligence exhibited by
machines or software, and the branch of computer
science that develops machines and software with
intelligence. Major AI researchers and textbooks define
the field as "the study and design of intelligent
agents",[where an intelligent agent is a system that
perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize
its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the
term in 1955,defines it as "the science and engineering of
making intelligent machines.
7
162. A robot is any moving machine that can be
programmed to perform tasks and gather
information from its surroundings. Robots
work from a central microprocessor that
controls their movements, they also have
sensors for examining the environment and
power sources.
8
164. Mobile Robots-
–Robots that move around on legs,
tracks or wheels.
Eg-
In 1979 a nuclear accident in
the USA caused a leak of
radioactive material which led to
Production of special robot –which
Can handle the radioactive materials.
10
165. Educational Robots – Robotic kits
Are used extensively in education.
Eg-Robolab , Lego and
RoboCupe Soccer
Domestic Robots–2 types–those
designed to perform household tasks
and modern toys which are
programmed to do things like talking,
walking and dancing , etc.
11
166. 1. Manipulator or Rover: Main body of robot
(Links, Joints, other structural element of the
robot)
2. End Effecter: The part that is connected to the
last joint hand) of a manipulator.
3. Actuators: Muscles of the manipulators
(servomotor, stepper motor, pneumatic and
hydraulic cylinder).
4. Sensors: To collect information about the
internal state of the robot or To communicate with
the outside environment.
12
167. 5. Controller: Similar to cerebellum. It controls
and coordinates the motion of the actuators.
6. Processor: The brain of the robot. It
calculates the motions and the velocity of the
robot’s joints, etc.
7. Software: Operating system, robotic
software and the collection of routines.
13
168. n
Sensors provide awareness of the environment
by sensing things. Sensors are the core of robots.
It is the system that alerts the robots..
Sensing can be in different forms like-
• Light
• Sound
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Force
• Object proximity
• Physical orientation/positio
• Magnetic & Electric Fields
• Resistance 14
171. Manipulations-
• Degrees of freedom
– independently controllable components of motion
• Arms
– convenient method to allow full movement in 3D
– more often used in fixed robots due to power & weight
– even more difficult to control!
• due to extra degrees of freedom
• Grippers
– may be very simple (two rigid arms) to pick up objects
– may be complex device with fingers on end of an arm
– probably need feedback to control grip force
17
172. In robotics, an end effectors is the device at
the end of a robotic arm, designed to interact
with the environment.
End effectors may consist of a gripper or a
tool. The gripper can be of two fingers, three
fingers or even five fingers.
18
173. Each plane in which a robot can maneuver.
• ROTATE BASE OF ARM
• PIVOT BASE OF ARM
• BEND ELBOW
• WRIST UP AND DOWN
• WRIST LEFT AND RIGHT
• ROTATE WRIST
19
174. Robots are also used for the following tasks:
• Dirty Tasks
• Repetitive tasks
• Dangerous tasks
• Impossible tasks
• Robots assisting the handicapped
• Can operate equipments at much higher
precision than humans.
• Cheaper on a long term basis. 20
175. EXPLORATION-
– Space Missions
– Robots in the Antarctic
– Exploring Volcanoes
– Underwater Exploration
MEDICAL SCIENCE
– Surgical assistant
ASSEMBLY- factories Parts-
- handling
- Assembly
- Painting
- Surveillance
- Security (bomb disposal , etc)
- Home help (grass cutting, nursing)
21
176. Going to far away planets.
Going far down into the unknown waters and
mines where humans would be crushed
Giving us information that humans can't get
Working at places 24/7 without any salary and
food. Plus they don't get bored
They can perform tasks faster than humans and
much more consistently and accurately
Most of them are automatic so they can go
around by themselves without any human
interference.
22
177. People can lose jobs in factories
It needs a supply of power
It needs maintenance to keep it running .
It costs money to make or buy a robot
23
178. • Scientists say that it is possible that a robot brain
will exist by 2019 .
• Vernor Vinge has suggested that a moment may
come when computers and robots are smarter than
humans.
• In 2009, some robots acquired various forms of
semi-autonomy, including being able to find power
sources on their own.
• The Association for the Advancement of
Artificial Intelligence has researched on this
problem.
24
181. Content:
⚫What is Data Center.
⚫Component of data center.
⚫Data center issues.
⚫Virtualization.
⚫Data Center Virtualization.
⚫Benefit of Data Center Virtualization.
⚫Data center virtualization issues.
182. What is Data Center:
⚫Is a center for store and disseminate large amounts
of data by using servers that connected to internet
with high speed.
183. Components of data center:
⚫special building structures
⚫servers
⚫power backup structures
⚫cooling systems
⚫structured cabling
⚫network devices
⚫storage systems
⚫application software
⚫physical security systems
⚫monitoring centers, ………….and many other support
systems.
187. What’s the meaning of virtual?
⚫If you can see it but it is not there -It’s virtual
⚫Virtualization lets you run multiple virtual machines
on a single physical machine
189. Data Center Virtualization:
⚫Consider your physical data center include a
number of physical servers and networking and
storage devices this physical device are expensive,
consume space, consume power, generate heat and
it causes a hardware failure .
⚫DCV enables you to consolidate the servers into
fewer pieces of hardware, in the virtualize
environment each server operating system and
application are separated from the underling
hardware and placed on a hypervisor
190.
191. Data Center Virtualization:
⚫Hypervisor: is a program installed on the hardware that enable
you to host several different virtual machines on a single
hardware with different operating system and applications and
manage them.
192. Data Center Virtualization:
⚫ Bare-metal or native hypervisors : bare-metal
hypervisors are installed on physical device without an
operating system. They perform the action of the
operating systems and have resource management
capabilities
⚫DCV is typically performed by using bare-metal
hypervisors because the dependency of another
operating system is low.
⚫Embedded or hosted hypervisors: hosted
hypervisors operate as an application on top of a pre
existing operating system
193. Example for understanding DCV
⚫Imagine your friend watch football match in stadium
and you watch it on TV . Lets imagine the stadium is
real data center and imagine the players is servers
and the ball is data and so on, can you watch as like
as your friend watch? Yes you can see by TV .
⚫TV is not real stadium or real players but you can
see the match. Then we can say the virtual data
center is TV and the software that control and
mange the TV is a hypervisor
194. Benefits of DCV:
⚫1-Reduced cost
⚫2-Easier backups
⚫3-Energy Savings and Greener environment
⚫4-Better testing
195. Benefit of DCV:
⚫5-No vendor lock-in
⚫6-Single-minded servers
⚫7- Isolation
⚫8-Easier migration to cloud
