1. The document discusses the music of Southeast Asia, focusing on Cambodia and Indonesia. It describes various traditional musical instruments and ensembles from each country, such as the pinpeat orchestra and mahory ensemble in Cambodia and gamelan orchestra in Indonesia. 2. It provides background information on Cambodia and Indonesia, including geography, history, and cultural influences on their music. Various traditional instruments are defined such as the kongvong gongs and angklung bamboo tubes. 3. Traditional scales and musical concepts are outlined for Indonesian gamelan music, including the slendro and pelog scales as well as irama tempo and hocket technique. Vocal music also accompanies the gamelan.

1. Music of Southeast
Asia

2. Vocal and
Instrumental Music
of
Cambodia and
Indonesia

3. ACTIVITY

4. Identify the different note flash on the screen and how many
count/beat every notes have.
Note Name Count
Whole Note 4
Half Note 2
Half Note
Quarter Note 1

5. Identify the different note flash on the screen and how many
count/beat every notes have.
Note Name Count
Eight Note 1/2
Sixteenth Note 1/4

6. ✔ Watch music video of the
theme song of the famous
variety noon time show in
Philippines It’s Showtime.
ACTIVITY 1
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
✔ 1.Based on the dialect /lyrics of
the song, what do you think is
the nationality of the singers?
✔ 2.What have you observed in
the video?

7. LESSON
DISCUSSION

8. Southeast Asian Music:
Historical
background, Vocal
and Instrumental
Music of Cambodia

9. ✔ Cambodia is officially known as
the “Kingdom of Cambodia”.
✔ It is also known as
Kâmpŭchéa.
✔ Cambodia was the center of
the Khmer (Cambodian)
Kingdom of Angkor, a great
empire that dominated
Southeast Asia for 600 years.

10. ✔ Cambodia is bordered by
Thailand to the northwest, Laos
to the northeast, Vietnam to the
east, and the Gulf of Thailand
to the southwest.
✔ Capital: Phnom Penh
✔ Official Language: Khmer
✔ Demonym: Cambodian

11. ✔ Anthem: Nokor Reach
(“Majestic Kingdom”)
✔ Motto: “Nation, Religion, King”

12. ✔ Cambodian court music is
roughly similar to the music
of Java, Indonesia.
✔ Its musical art is highly
influenced by ancient
forms as well as Hindu
forms.
✔ Their music is also
absorbed and adopted
from Indian, Chinese, and
European which resulted to
a distinct Cambodian

13. ✔ Music has always
been a part of their
dances, plays, and
religious events and it
is accompanied by an
orchestra.
✔ There are two
ensembles in
Cambodia:

14. Pinpeat
✔ The pinpeat is a
Cambodian musical
ensemble or
orchestra.
✔ It usually
accompanies
ceremonial music of
the royal courts and
temples.

16. Pinpeat
✔ stringed and
percussion
instruments used to
accompany dances,
in praying to God or
spirit, and other
ceremonies.

17. Pinpeat
✔ The pinpeat is
analogous to the
piphat ensemble of
Thailand.
✔ The orchestra
consists of
approximately nine or
ten instruments,

18. Skor thom
Samphor
Kongvong
Oneat
Chhing
THE PINPEAT

19. Chhing
Classification:
Idiophone
Definition:
Finger cymbals that are
made of thick and heavy bronze.
The player strikes them
together, one in each hand to
produce a sound.

20. Kongvong
Classification:
Idiophone
Definition:
It is composed of gongs
arranged in a circular frame
made of hardwood or ivory.
The player strikes them
using the mallet to produce a
sound.

21. ONEAT
Classification:
Idiophone
Definition:
It has twenty-one
thick bars that are
suspended from strings
attached to the two walls.
It is built in the
shape of a curved,
rectangular shaped boat

22. SAMPHOR
Classification:
Membranophone
Definition:
It is a small two-
headed barrel drum.
One drum head is
larger than the other.
It is played with
both hands.

23. SKORTHOM
Classification:
Membranophone
Definition:
Two headed barrel
drums played with a pair of
wooden drumsticks.
The skin heads are
made from oxen, cows or
buffalos.
The drums are tuned in
such a way that one will give a
tight sound while the other a

25. QUESTIONS:
1. Describe how the pinpeat musicians play
their instruments.
1. How many instrument players were needed
to form the pinpeat?
1. Are their instruments made of wood or
metal?

26. MAHORY
✔ The mahori is a form of
Cambodian classical
ensemble which was
traditionally played by
women in the courts of
both Central Thailand
and Cambodia.
✔ It combines the
xylophones and gong
circles of the piphat with

27. MAHORY
✔ • Khoem (with 35
horizontal strings
instrument)
✔ • Ta Khe (with 3
horizontal strings
instrument)
✔ • Tro (with vertical
strings instrument)
✔ • Skor Dai (a small
drum for making
rhythm)

28. MAHORY
✔ This is stringed
instruments that can
only be used to
accompany dance,
theatre, wedding, and
other ceremonies.

30. Historical background,
Vocal and Instrumental
Music of
INDONESIA

31. ✔ is officially the Republic
of Indonesia
✔ is an archipelago in
Southeast Asia
✔ largest island country in
the world
✔ comprising approximately
17,500 islands

32. ✔ Indonesia is situated
between the Indian Ocean
and Pacific Ocean.
✔ It shares land borders
with:
Malaysia
East Timor
Papua New Guinea

33. ✔ world’s 4th most populous
country (more than 258
million)
✔ world’s 4th biggest nation
✔ Capital: Jakarta
✔ Official Language: Bahasa
Indonesia
✔ Demonym: Indonesian

34. ✔ Anthem: Indonesia Raya
(“Great Indonesia”)
✔ Motto: Bhinneka Tunggal
Ika
(“Unity in Diversity”)
✔ Musical styles developed
through interaction with
other cultures:
Indian
Arabic
Chinese

35. ✔ Singing has become one of the
talents of Indonesians.
✔ Not just a common Indonesian
but even the president sings his
favorite song during gatherings.
✔ Indonesian music was enriched
with interaction with other
cultures such as Indian, Arabic,
Chinese, and European leading
to a wider range of musical
styles.

36. ✔ Traditional regional music and
songs of Indonesia natively
compromises of strong beat
and harmony type music with
strong influence of Indian and
Malay classical music.
✔ Today, the contemporary music
of Indonesia is popular not only
in the region but also in the
neighboring countries;
Malaysia, Singapore and
Brunei.

37. KINDS OF INDONESIAN
MUSIC SCALE

38. Slendro
❑ five (5) equidistant tones
in octave
❑ also called Salendro by
the Sundanese is a
pentatonic scale
❑ is the older of the two
most common scales
used in Indonesian
Gamelan scale
Pelog
❑ heptatonic (7) tone scale
with semi-tone
❑ In Javanese, the term
“pelog” is said to be a
variant of the word “pelag”
meaning fine or beautiful.
❑ has seven notes
✔ These are the Indonesian
Gamelan Tuning System.

39. IRAMA
❑ is an Indonesian term for
tempo
✔ Both vocal and instrumental music in Indonesia use
slendro or pelog.
HOCKET
❑ is the rhythmic linear
technique using the
alternation of notes,
pitches, or chords

40. GAMELAN OR GAMELAN
ORCHESTRA

41. ✔ Gamelan or gamelan
orchestra is an Indonesian
ensemble composed of 50 to
80 instruments which
accompany shadow puppet
plays and other major events
like special ceremonies and
weddings.
✔ The Gamelan is the most
popular form of music in
Indonesia.
✔ The ensemble is conducted by

42. KENDANG
Classification:
Membranophone
Definition:
Double-headed
barrel drum placed inside a
frame.
It is played by
hitting the skin head using a
beater.

43. BEDUG
Classification:
Membranophone
Definition:
It is a large double-
barrel drum made of buffalo
leather.
Both heads are
equal in size which
produces a strong sound.

44. TABLA AND BHAYA
Classification:
Membranophone
Definition:
It is a pair of small
different- sized tuned hand
drums.
The sound
produced varies depending
on finger and hand strokes
of the player.

45. ANGKLUNG
Classification:
Idiophone
Definition:
A bamboo musical
instrument with varying number of
bamboo tubes attached to a
bamboo frame.
It is played by both hands.
One will hold the frame
while the other shakes the
instrument which causes a
repeating note to sound.

46. REBAB
Classification:
Chordophone
Definition:
A bamboo musical
instrument with varying number
of bamboo tubes attached to a
bamboo frame.
A bowed string
instrument which has one to
three strings.
It is shaped like a small
lute.

47. VOCAL MUSIC

48. Pesindhen
❑ is a female soloist
singer who sings with a
Gamelan
✔ Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the
gamelan.
✔ It is as important as gamelan.
Gerong
❑ refers to the unison
male chorus that sings
with the gamelan

50. 1. Describe how the Javanese and Balinese musicians play their
instruments.
1. How many instrument players were needed to form each
ensemble?
1. Are their instruments made of wood or metal?
QEUSTIONS:

51. 1. What is the importance of music in terms of
historical, geographical and cultural background of
Cambodia and Indonesia.
1. How are musical elements important to the music of
Cambodia and Indonesia?
ESSAY